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{{Short description|Monastic communities of the Order of Saint Benedict}}
{{Infobox organization
| name             = Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona<ref name="catholic-hierarchy.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dqecm.html|title = Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona (Institute of Consecrated Life - Men) &#91;Catholic-Hierarchy&#93;}}</ref>
| native_name      = Congregatio Eremitarum Camaldulensium Montis Coronae {{small|(Latin)}}<ref>http://www. gcatholic.org/orders/188.htm</ref>
| image            = Kambielanykr.jpg
| image_size       = 300px
| caption          = [[Camaldolese Hermit Monastery (Kraków)|Camaldolese Priory of Bielany]] in [[Kraków]], [[Poland]]
| abbreviation     = Post-nominal letters''':''' '''E.C.M.C.'''
| motto = 
| formation        = {{start date and age|1025}}<ref name="catholic-hierarchy.org"/>
| founder           = [[Saint Romuald]]
| founding_location = Camaldoli, Italy
| type              = Monastic Order of Pontifical Right (for Men)<ref name="catholic-hierarchy.org"/>
| headquarters      = Sacro Eremo Tuscolano, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Italy<ref name="catholic-hierarchy.org"/>
| membership        = 67 members (35 priests) as of 2018<ref name="catholic-hierarchy.org"/>
| leader_title      = Father Major
| leader_name       = Fr. Emir José Castillo Zárate, ECMC<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/orders/188.htm|title=Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona (E.C.M.C.)}}</ref>
| leader_title2     = Nickname
| leader_name2      = Camaldolese
| main_organ        = 
| affiliation       = [[Catholic Church]]
| website           = {{URL|http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dqecm.html}}<ref>catholic-hierarchy.org</ref>
}}

The '''Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona''' ({{langx|la|Congregatio Eremitarum Camaldulensium Montis Coronae}}) are a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] monastic order of [[pontifical right]] for men founded by [[Romuald|St. Romuald]]. Its name is derived from the Holy Hermitage ({{langx|it|Sacro Eremo}}) in [[Camaldoli]], high in the mountains of [[Tuscany|Tuscany, Italy]], near the city of [[Arezzo]]. Members of that community add the postnominal letters '''ECMC''' after their names. A second community, the '''Benedictine Camaldolese''', are also based at Camaldoli and add the postnominals '''OSB Cam'''. Apart from the Catholic monasteries, ecumenical Christian hermitages with a Camaldolese spirituality have arisen as well.

==History==
[[File:Fra Angelico 032.jpg|thumb|St. Romuald]]
{{Main|Romuald}}
The Camaldolese were established through the efforts of the [[Italian people|Italian]] monk [[Saint]] [[Romuald]]<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Camaldulians|volume=5|pages=79–80|first=Edward Cuthbert|last=Butler|author-link=Edward Cuthbert Butler}}</ref> ({{circa|950-1025/27}}). His reform sought to renew and integrate the [[hermit|eremitical]] tradition of monastic life with that of the [[cenobium]].

In his youth, Romuald became acquainted with the three major schools of Western monastic tradition. The monastery where he first entered monastic life, [[Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe|Sant' Apollinare in Classe]], was a traditional [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] community under the influence of the [[Cluniac reforms]]. Romuald chose to be under a spiritual master, Marinus, who followed a much harsher ascetic and solitary lifestyle that was originally of Irish eremitical origins. Some years later, Marinus and Romuald settled near the [[Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa|Abbey of Saint Michael de Cuxa]], where Abbot Guarinus was also beginning reforms but was building mainly upon the Iberian Christian tradition. Later, drawing on his various early experiences, Romuald was able to establish his own monastic pattern, though he himself never thought of it as a separate entity, seeing it as an integral part of the Benedictine tradition.

Romuald moved around central Italy, founding several colonies of hermits (or "deserts").<ref name="EB1911"/> Around the year 1012, he made his chief foundation, the Sacred Hermitage of Camaldoli in the Tuscan hills. There the monks lived in individual cells, but also observed the common life, with liturgical celebrations daily in the community church and common meals in the refectory.<ref name=nch>{{cite web|url=http://contemplation.com/who-we-are/|title=Who We Are – New Camaldoli Hermitage|access-date=3 September 2016|archive-date=7 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607184154/https://contemplation.com/who-we-are/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The monks at Camaldoli adopted the distinctive white habit, later characteristic of their tradition, and there emerged in these early years the combination of the two cenobite and hermit branches that afterwards became so marked a feature of the order.

Romuald and the early Camaldolese exercised considerable influence on the religious movements of their time. The emperors [[Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto III]] and [[Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry II]] esteemed Romuald  highly and sought his advice on religious questions.<ref name="EB1911"/>

In his old age Romuald started on a missionary expedition to Hungary with twenty-five of his monks, but he was unable to accomplish the journey, and he died in 1027.<ref name="EB1911"/>
The order was approved by [[Pope Alexander II]] in 1072.<ref name=Butler>{{cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03204d.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Camaldolese|access-date=3 September 2016}}</ref>

There have been Camaldolese hermitages and monasteries at sites throughout Italy.

==Organization==

===Current congregations===
[[File:Czerwony Klasztor 01.jpg|thumb|260px|Former Camaldolese [[monastery]] in [[Červený Kláštor]] in [[Slovakia]]]]
Currently two separate Camaldolese congregations exist: the Benedictine Camaldolese and the Camaldolese Hermits. Various unsuccessful attempts at reunion between them occurred over the centuries - the longest-lasting that of 1634–1667. In 1667, Pope [[Clement IX]], recognizing the failure, issued a [[Papal Bull|Bull]] establishing a definitive separation between the congregations.<ref name=Butler/>

====Benedictine Camaldolese====
The Benedictine Camaldolese (OSB{{nbsp}}Cam.) are headquartered in the hamlet of [[Camaldoli]] in [[Tuscany]]. On the mountainside stands the 11th-century Holy Hermitage founded by St. Romuald. Its 16th-century monastery stands a few kilometers below.

The next community founded by the Camaldolese congregation was the Monastery of [[Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence|St. Mary of the Angels]] in Florence.<ref name=nch/> By the 13th century, its [[scriptorium]] had become known throughout Europe as a major source of high-quality [[parchment]]s, then much in demand. In this monastery the artist [[Lorenzo Monaco]] tentatively explored a [[vocation]] as a monk from 1390 onwards. Only the church of the monastery now remains in service.

Circa 1603 the [[Camaldolese Hermit Monastery, Kraków | Camaldolese Hermit Monastery in Kraków]] in Poland was established in the village of [[Bielany, Kraków|Bielany]] (now surrounded by [[Kraków]]). The [[priory]] consists of hermitages and the Church of Our Lady of the Assumption. Visitors are welcome for scheduled masses.<ref>[http://www.kameduli.info 415 lat Kamedułów na krakowskich Bielanach]. Retrieved 2019-3-20.</ref>

The [[New Camaldoli Hermitage]] on the coast road south of [[Big Sur]], California, was founded in 1958 by the Holy Hermitage of Camaldoli, Italy. Officially named the "Immaculate Heart Hermitage", it stands on a mountainside overlooking the Pacific Ocean. New Camaldoli has founded two daughter communities, Incarnation Monastery in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California, near the [[Graduate Theological Union|GTU]], north of [[University of California at Berkeley|U.C. Berkeley]] in 1979; and the Monastery of the Risen Christ in [[San Luis Obispo, California|San Luis Obispo]], California in 2014.<ref name="New Camaldoli Hermitage">[https://contemplation.com  New Camaldoli Hermitage]. Retrieved 2019-3-21.</ref><ref name="Incarnation Monastery">[https://www.incarnationmonastery.com Incarnation Monastery]. Accessed 2019-3-28.</ref><ref name="Monastery of the Risen Christ">[https://mrcslo.com/ Monastery of the Risen Christ]. Accessed 2021-11-19.</ref>

The order maintains a mix of [[Monastery|monasteries]] and [[Hermitage (religious retreat)|hermitages]] for men in countries on five continents. Perhaps most prominent is [[Saccidananda Ashram]], founded in 1950 in the village of Tannirpalli in the Tiruchirapalli District of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]], on the bank of the [[Kaveri|River Kavery]].  Monasteries for women began in 1086; they are located now mostly in Italy and Poland, also in Tanzania and America.<ref>See section below: [[#Communities of nuns]].</ref> An [[oblate]] community started in Australia, which since the mid-1990s continues under the guidance of the  [[Prior (ecclesiastical)|Prior]] New Camaldoli, Big Sur.<ref>[https://camaldolesedownunder.com/about-2/ Camaldolese Downunder]. Retrieved 2019-3-21.</ref>

====Camaldolese hermits====
The other congregation, known as the Camaldolese Hermits of Monte Corona (Er.{{nbsp}}Cam.), was established by the Renaissance reformer [[Giustiniani|Paolo Giustiniani]] (1476-1528). This group lives solely in hermitages, usually with a very small number of monks comprising the community. There are three houses in Italy, two in Poland, and one each in Spain, the United States, and Colombia, as well as a newer foundation in Venezuela. Unlike the other congregation, it is not a member of the larger [[Benedictine Confederation]].
* Eremo Di San Girolamo (Monte Cucco), founded in 1521, does not have the separate, solitary cells typical of the other Coronese Hermitages.
* Eremo SS. Annunziata Di Monte Rua, founded in 1537, served as the center of various Coronese Hermitages in the former [[Republic of Venice]].
* Sacro Eremo Tuscolano, founded in 1607 at [[Frascati]] in the Alban Hills, ordinarily functions as the residence of the father major (superior general) and as the novitiate house for Italy.
* Eremo Di Monte Argentino, the "Silver Mountain", was founded in 1609 in the outskirts of Cracow, Poland. [[Pope John Paul II]] visited it in August 2002.
* Eremo Cinque Martiri in Bieniszew in Poland was founded in 1663. In 1941 the hermitage was suppressed by the Nazis; three hermits died in concentration camps. It is presently the novitiate house for Poland.
* Yermo Camaldulense N.S. De Herrera, [[Burgos, Spain]], was founded in 1925 on the site of an ancient Cistercian abbey. It is a novitiate house.
* Holy Family Hermitage in [[Bloomingdale, Ohio]], was founded in the Diocese of Steubenville in 1959. Nine solitary cells stand, according to historical models, in a semicircle about the church. It is a novitiate house.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.camaldolese.org/ |title=Camaldolese {{!}} Holy Family Hermitage |access-date=2019-02-19}}</ref>
* Yermo Camaldulense de la Santa Cruz in Antioquia, Colombia, was founded in 1969. It is a novitiate house.
* Yermo Camaldulense Santa Maria de Los Angeles, Venezuela

The Camaldolese Crown ({{langx | it | Corona}}), designed by Bl. Michele Pina (1450–1522), is sometimes called the Crown of Our Lord ({{langx | it | Corona Del Signore}}). It was officially approved by papal brief on 18 February 1516.

===Extinct congregations===

An early Benedictine Camaldolese site was founded in Florence, St. Mary of the Angels.<ref name="ReferenceA">See above section "Benedictine Camaldolese".</ref>
 
[[File:Frater Maurus S. Michaelis Moranensis de Venetiis ordinis Camaldulensis.png|thumb|right|250px|[[Fra Mauro]] of the Camaldolese [[Monastery of St. Michael (Murano)|Monastery of St. Michael in Murano]], Venice (c.{{nbsp}}1459)]]
Previously there were three autonomous congregations, based in [[Turin]] (founded 1596), [[Venice]] (1474–1569) and [[France]] (founded 1526). The monasteries attached to Hermitage of Turin seem to have been absorbed by the Monte Corona congregation in the 18th century. The Venetian congregation, which was headed by an [[abbot]], and the French one were eventually suppressed by the [[Holy See]]. The French monks became associated with [[Jansenism]], due to which their congregation was suppressed in 1770 and the monks dispersed.<ref name=Butler/>

By the early 20th century, the Venetian congregation, which was entirely [[coenobitic]], was felt by Rome to be too few in numbers for continued existence, and its members were offered the opportunity to seek admission with the Congregation of Camaldoli. It had contributed many of its members to the service of the Church, most notably [[Pope Gregory XVI]]. The noted [[cartographer]] [[Fra Mauro]] had been a member of the mother monastery of St.{{nbsp}}Michael of [[Murano]]. It was in this community that the [[German people|German]] merchant Daniel became a monk. Eventually, he established a solitary hermitage in the woods, where he spent long periods in prayer. He was murdered in his cell by robbers in 1413 and is today venerated as Saint Daniel of Murano.<ref>[http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0331.shtml Saint of the Day, March 31] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408151951/http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0331.shtml |date=2011-04-08 }} at ''SaintPatrickDC.org.'' Retrieved 2012-03-03.</ref>

In the [[Kingdom of Hungary]], four Camaldolese monasteries were established: [[Nitra|Zobor Hill]] (1695), [[Hungarian exonyms (Burgenland)|Lánzsér]] ({{langx|de|Landsee}}) (1701), [[Červený Kláštor|Vöröskolostor]] (1710) and [[Oroszlány|Majk]] (1733). In 1782 the Emperor [[Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph II]] [[Edict on Idle Institutions|ordered the dissolution]] of every monastic order that, in [[Josephinism|his view]], did not pursue useful activities.  Thus the Camaldolese monasteries in that [[realm]] were [[suppression of Monasteries|secularized]].

==Communities of nuns==
[[File:Wigry - eremy 2.JPG|thumb|240px|Former Camaldolese hermitage in Wigry, Poland]]
Soon after the various communities established by St. Romuald began to develop, communities of nuns desired to share in this reform. Beginning under the guidance of [[Beatification|Blessed]] Rudolph II, third [[Prior (ecclesiastical)|Prior]] General of Camaldoli, they were accepted into the life of the Congregation. He founded the Monastery of San Pietro di Luco in Mugello near Florence to establish the model of their "Little Rule" in 1086.

At their zenith, only ten monasteries of nuns were a part of the Order. There were many small monasteries, however, which followed the Camaldolese [[monastic rule|Rule]] but were subject to local [[bishop]]s. Of those who form a part of the Congregation of the Holy Hermitage, their [[Motherhouse]] is the [[Abbey]] of St. [[Anthony the Great|Anthony the Abbot]] in Rome, where the [[abbess]] lives.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news.va/en/news/pope-francis-visits-camaldolese-monastery-of-santa|title=Pope Francis visits Camaldolese Monastery of Sant'Antonio Abate|access-date=3 September 2016}}{{Dead link|date=October 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref>

Over time the Camaldolese nuns came to be concentrated mostly in Italy and in Poland, in [[Złoczew]]. A few foundations, though, have been made in other countries. In France, a monastery of nuns was established by Polish nuns of the Order but it is on the verge of closure, with just one nun in residence. A monastery has been founded in [[Tanzania]], which is currently flourishing.

Founded in 1979 by three Sisters, in [[Windsor (town), New York|Windsor, New York]], Transfiguration Monastery became formally affiliated with the Camaldolese Benedictine Congregation in 1986. Sister Mary Donald Corcoran, O.S.B. Cam., has served as [[prioress]] since its foundation, which she made with two companions, Sisters Placid (a former [[recluse]] from France) and Jean Marie Pearse, a native of the region. For practical reasons, they have begun the process of changing their affiliation to an American Benedictine congregation, while still retaining Camaldolese traditions.<ref name=tmnw>[http://transfigurationmonastery.org/who-we-are.shtml Transfiguration Monastery] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227025521/http://www.transfigurationmonastery.org/who-we-are.shtml |date=2015-02-27 }}</ref>

==Modern era==
The Benedictine Camaldolese order extended its presence to the [[United States]] in 1958 with the founding of Immaculate Heart Hermitage, more commonly called [[New Camaldoli Hermitage]], in the [[Santa Lucia Mountains]] of [[Big Sur]], [[California]].<ref name="New Camaldoli Hermitage"/> New Camaldoli Hermitage later established a daughter house, Incarnation Monastery in [[Berkeley, California]].<ref name="Incarnation Monastery"/> Fr. Cyprian Consiglio is the current Prior at New Camadoli Hermitage of Big Sur.<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/visuals/framework/la-me-fw-big-sur-monks-unfurled-20170811-htmlstory.html "For the monks of Big Sur... "], in the ''Los Angeles Times'', Aug. 11, 2017. Accessed 2019-3-28.</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>

The Camaldolese Hermits of Monte Corona established the Holy Family Hermitage in [[Bloomingdale, Ohio]].<ref>This Hermitage is described above in the section "Camaldolese Hermits".</ref> For several years, there was also a small community, Epiphany Monastery, in [[New Boston, New Hampshire]], which was closed in 1998.

There are Camaldolese communities in [[India]], [[Brazil]], and [[Tanzania]], among others.<ref>Servants of God: Cherubim Kozik, Er. Cam.; Aloysius Poprawa, Er. Cam.</ref>

An ecumenical Christian community of Camaldolese solitaries is present in various countries throughout the world and is known as the Community of Solitude (CoS).<ref name="COS2013">{{cite web |title=The Rule of the Community of Solitude |url=https://www.communityofsolitude.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/130706CoSRule.pdf |publisher=Community of Solitude |access-date=11 March 2022 |language=English |date=6 July 2013}}</ref> The Camaldolese Oblate Community of Australasia is another ecumenical community.<ref>{{cite web |title=About |url=https://camaldolesedownunder.com/about-2/ |publisher=Camaldolese Downunder |access-date=11 March 2022 |language=en |date=11 November 2012}}</ref>

== Saints and Blesseds of the Order ==
'''Saints'''

* [[Pietro I Orseolo]] (c. 928 - 10 January 987), Doge of Venice who later became a monk, canonized on 2 May 1731
* Benedetto, Giovanni, Matteo, Isaaco, and Cristino, (died 10/11 November 1003), martyrs<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Am-Pol Eagle |url=https://ampoleagle.com/the-five-holy-martyrs-p1497-131.htm |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=ampoleagle.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-12-04 |title=Past Martyrs and Modern Missionaries - Nowe Życie |url=https://nowezycie.archidiecezja.wroc.pl/index.php/2019/12/04/past-martyrs-and-modern-missionaries/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025233443/http://www.nowezycie.archidiecezja.wroc.pl/index.php/2019/12/04/past-martyrs-and-modern-missionaries/ |archive-date=2021-10-25 |access-date=2025-02-02 |work=Nowe Życie - Dolnośląski Portal Katolicki |language=pl-PL |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Bruno of Querfurt]] (c. 974 - 14 February 1009), Bishop and Martyr; Second Apostle of the Prussians
* [[Romuald]] (c. 951 - 19 June 1027), founder of the order, canonized on 9 July 1595
* [[Dominic Loricatus|Domenico Loricato]] (c. 995 - c. 1060), monk and hermit
* [[:it:Rodolfo_Gabrielli|Rodolfo Gabrielli]] (c. 1034 – 17 October 1064), Bishop of Gubbio
* [[Theobald of Provins]] (c. 1033 - 30 June 1066), noble and hermit, canonized in 1073
* [[Parisius]] (c. 1160 <nowiki/>- c. 1267), spiritual director
* [[Ambrose Traversari|Ambrogio Traversar]]<nowiki/>i (c. 1386 - 20 October 1439), Prior General of the Camaldolese Order

'''Blesseds'''

* [[:it:Forte_Gabrielli|Forte Gabrielli]] (died 9 May 1040), professed religious, beatified on 17 March 1756
* Lucia da Settefonti (died 12th century), virgin and abbess, beatified in c. 1779<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lucia di don Damiano Grenci |url=https://www.cartantica.it/pages/collaborazioniLucia.asp |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=www.cartantica.it}}</ref>
* [[:it:Giovanna_da_Bagno_di_Romagna|Giovanna de Bagno di Romagna]] (died c. 1105), professed religious and virgin, beatified on 15 April 1823
* [[Bogumilus|Bogumił z Dobrowa]] (c. 1135? - c. 1204?), [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gniezno|Archbishop of Gniezno]], beatified on 27 May 1925
* [[:it:Domenico_Vernagalli|Domenico Vernagalli]] (c. 1180 – 20 April 1219), professed religious, beatified on 17 August 1854
* [[:it:Bartolomeo_Aiutamicristo_da_Pisa|Bartolomeo Aiutamicristo of Pisa]] (died 28 January 1224), beatified on 10 September 1857
* [[:it:Gherardesca_di_Pisa|Gherardesca of Pisa]] (c. 1200 – c. 1269/1270), professed religious and hermit, beatified on 29 May 1856
* [[:it:Angelo_di_Acquapagana|Angelo of Acquapagana]] (c. 1261 – 19 August 1313), beatified on 24 July 1845
* [[:it:Angelo_da_Gualdo_Tadino|Angelo of Gualdo Tadino]] (c. 1270 – 15 January 1325), hermit, beatified on 3 August 1825
* Tommaso da Costacciaro (died 25 March 1337), monk, beatified on 18 March 1778<ref>{{Cite web |title=Beato Tommaso da Costacciaro |url=https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92684 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=Santiebeati.it |language=it}}</ref>
* [[:it:Alberto_da_Sassoferrato|Alberto of Sassoferato]] (died 7 August 1350), monk, beatified on 30 September 1837
* [[:it:Angelo_da_Massaccio|Angelo of Massaccio]] (died c. 1458), martyr, beatified on 22 April 1842
* Michele Pini/Pina (fl. 1401 - 27 January 1466), beatified in c. 1807<ref>{{Cite web |title=Beato Michele Pini |url=https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/90474 |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=Santiebeati.it |language=it}}</ref>
'''Declared Blessed by popular acclaim'''

* Pietro Gabrielli (c. 970 – 26 July 1040), hermit<ref>{{Cite web |title=Beato Pietro Gabrielli |url=https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/97597 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=Santiebeati.it |language=it}}</ref>
* [[Guido of Arezzo|Guido d'Arezzo]] (c. 991/992 - c.1045/1050), music theorist
* [[:it:Guido_della_Gherardesca|Guido della Gherardesca]] (c. 1060 – 20 May 1140), hermit
* Gherardo di Serra di Conti (Serradiconti) (c. 1280 - 16 November 1367), monk<ref>{{Cite web |title=Beato Gherardo (patrono di Serra de' Conti) |url=http://www.serradecontiturismo.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=165:beato-gherardo&catid=51&lang=it&Itemid=213 |access-date=2025-02-11 |website=www.serradecontiturismo.it}}</ref>
* [[:it:Daniele_d'Ungrispach|Daniele d'Ungrispach]] (c. 1344 - c. 1411), martyr
* Pietro Massaleno (c. 1375 – 20 December 1453), hermit<ref>{{Cite web |title=MASSALENO, Pietro - Enciclopedia |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/pietro-massaleno_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=Treccani |language=it}}</ref>
* [[Paul Giustiniani|Paolo (Tommaso) Giustiniani]] (c. 1476 - c. 1528), reformer

'''Servants of God<ref>{{Cite web |title=Europe under Nazis (3) |url=http://newsaints.faithweb.com/martyrs/Nazis3.htm |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=newsaints.faithweb.com}}</ref>'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who We Are – Camaldolese |url=https://www.camaldolese.org/who-are-we/ |access-date=2025-02-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>

* Maciej (Alojzy) Poprawa (3 March 1893 - 14 August 1942), martyred by Nazis, declared as such in 2003
* Walenty (Cherubin) Kozik (1 February 1906 - 25 September 1942), martyred by Nazis, declared as such in 2003

== See also ==
*[[Christian monasticism]]
*[[Červený Kláštor (monastery)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.camaldoli.it camaldoli.it] – The Benedictine Camaldolese in Italy
* [https://www.contemplation.com/ contemplation.com] – The Benedictine Camaldolese in the United States
* [https://www.camaldolese.org/ camaldolese.org] – The Camaldolese Hermits in the United States 
* [https://www.communityofsolitude.com/about-us/ Community of Solitude] – Ecumenical Christian Camaldolese Hermits 
* [http://www.civertan.hu/legifoto/legifoto.php?page_level=365Aerial Aerial photographs of the former Camaldolese Priory in Majk, Hungary]

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[[Category:Camaldolese Order]]
[[Category:Christian organizations established in the 10th century]]
[[Category:Christian religious orders established in the 11th century]]
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[[Category:Christian hermits]]