View source for List of Latin phrases (A)

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{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{latin intro|A}}<onlyinclude>
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!Latin!!Translation!!Notes
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|{{langchor|a bene placito}}||from one well pleased||i.e., "at will" or "at one's pleasure". This phrase, and its Italian (''beneplacito'') and Spanish (''beneplácito'') derivatives, are synonymous with the more common ''[[ad libitum]]'' (at pleasure).
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|{{langchor|a capite ad calcem}}||from head to heel||i.e., "from top to bottom", "all the way through", or "from head to toe". See also ''[[#a pedibus usque ad caput|a pedibus usque ad caput]].''
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|{{langchor|a contrario}}||from the opposite||i.e., "on the contrary" or "''[[au contraire]]''". Thus, an ''argumentum a contrario'' ("argument from the contrary") is an argument or proof by contrast or direct opposite.
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|{{langchor|a Deucalione}}||from ''or'' since [[Deucalion]]||A long time ago; from [[Gaius Lucilius]], ''Satires'' VI, 284
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|{{langchor|a falsis principiis proficisci}}||to set forth from false principles||Legal phrase. From [[Cicero]], ''[[De finibus bonorum et malorum|De Finibus]]'' IV.53.
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|{{lankchor|a fortiori|argumentum a fortiori}}|||from the stronger||i.e., "even more so" or "with even stronger reason". Often used to lead from a less certain proposition to a more evident corollary.
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|{{lankchor|a maiore ad minus}}||from the greater to the smaller||From general to particular; "What holds for all {{var|X}} also holds for one particular {{var|X}}." – argument ''a fortiori''
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|{{lankchor|a minore ad maius}}||from the smaller to the greater||An inference from smaller to bigger; what is forbidden at least is forbidden at more ("If riding a bicycle with two on it is forbidden, riding it with three on it is at least similarly punished.")
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|{{langchor|a pedibus usque ad caput}}||from feet to head||i.e., "completely", "from tip to toe", "from head to toe". Equally ''a capite ad calcem''. See also ''ab ovo usque ad mala''.
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|{{langchor|a posse ad esse}}||from being able to being||"From possibility to actuality" or "from being possible to being actual".
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|{{lankchor|a posteriori|A priori and a posteriori}}|||from the latter||Based on observation, i. e., [[empirical evidence]]. Opposite of ''a priori''. Used in mathematics and logic to denote something that is known after a proof has been carried out. In [[philosophy]], used to denote something known from experience.
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|{{lankchor|a priori|A priori and a posteriori}}|||from the former||Presupposed independent of experience; the reverse of ''a posteriori''. Used in mathematics and logic to denote something that is known or postulated before a proof has been carried out. In philosophy, used to denote something is supposed without [[empirical]] evidence. In everyday speech, it denotes something occurring or being known before the event.
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|{{lankchor|a solis ortu usque ad occasum}}||from sunrise to sunset||
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|{{langchor|ab absurdo}}||from the absurd||Said of an argument either for a conclusion that rests on the alleged absurdity of an opponent's argument (cf. [[appeal to ridicule]]) or that another assertion is false because it is absurd. The phrase is distinct from ''[[reductio ad absurdum]]'', which is usually a valid logical argument.
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|{{langchor|ab abusu ad usum non valet consequentia}}||The inference of a use from its abuse is not valid||i.e., a right is still a right even if it is abused (e.g. practiced in a morally/ethically wrong way); [[cf.]] ''{{section link||abusus non tollit usum}}''.<!-- Need a better word for "inference" in translation, but "consequence" is not preferable. -->
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|{{langchor|ab aeterno}}||from the eternal||Literally, "from the everlasting", "from eternity", or "from outside of time". Philosophically and theologically, it indicates something, e. g., the universe, that was created from outside of time. Sometimes used incorrectly to denote something, not from ''without'' time, but from a point ''within'' time, i.e. "{{Wikt-lang|en|time immemorial|from time immemorial|i=no}}", "since the beginning of time". or "from an infinitely remote time in the past")
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|{{langchor|ab antiquo}}||from the ancient||i.e., from ancient times
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|{{lankchor|ab epistulis}}||from the letters<ref name=Potter>{{cite book |last=Potter |first=David S. |author-link=David S. Potter |title=The Roman Empire at Bay, AD 180–395 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7HKFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA77 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=2014 |page=77 |isbn=9781134694778}}</ref>||Regarding or pertaining to correspondence.<ref name=Potter /> ''Ab epistulis'' was originally the title of the secretarial office in the [[Roman Empire]]
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|{{lankchor|ab extra}}||from beyond/without||[[List of legal Latin terms|Legal term]] denoting derivation from an external source, as opposed to a person's self or mind—the latter of which is denoted by ''ab intra''.
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|{{langchor|ab hinc}}||from here on||Also sometimes written as "abhinc"
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|{{langchor|ab imo pectore}}||from the deepest chest||i.e., "from the bottom of my heart", "with deepest affection", or "sincerely". Attributed to [[Julius Caesar]].
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|{{langchor|ab inconvenienti}}||from an inconvenient thing||[[Neo-Latin]] for "based on unsuitability", "from inconvenience", or "from hardship". An ''argumentum ab inconvenienti'' is one based on the difficulties involved in pursuing a line of reasoning, and is thus a form of [[appeal to consequences]]. The phrase refers to the legal principle that an argument from inconvenience has great weight.
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|{{langchor|ab incunabulis}}||from the cradle||i.e., "from the beginning" or "from infancy". ''Incunabula'' is commonly used in English to refer to the earliest stage or origin of something, and especially to copies of books that predate the spread of the [[printing press]] {{Circa|AD 1500}}.
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|{{lankchor|ab initio}}||from the beginning||i.e., "from the outset", referring to an inquiry or investigation. ''Ab initio mundi'' means "from the beginning of the world". In [[literature]], it refers to a story told from the beginning rather than ''[[in medias res]]'' ('from the middle'). In [[science]], it refers to the [[first principle]]s. In other contexts, it often refers to beginner or training courses. In [[list of legal terms|law]], it refers to a thing being true from its beginning or from the instant of the act, rather than from when the court declared it so. Likewise, an [[annulment]] is a judicial declaration of the invalidity or [[Conflict of marriage laws|nullity of a marriage]] ''ab initio'': the so-called marriage was "no thing" (Latin: ''[[Nullius in verba|nullius]]'', from which the word "nullity" derives) and never existed, except perhaps in name only.
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|{{langchor|ab intestato}}||from an [[intestacy|intestate]]||i.e., from a (dead) decedent, who died without executing a legal will; [[cf.]] ''ex testamento''
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|{{langchor|ab intra}}||from within||i.e., from the inside, as opposed to ''ab extra'' ("from without").
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|{{langchor|ab invito}}||against one's will||
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|{{langchor|ab irato}}||from/by an angry person||More literally, "from/by an angry man". Though the form ''irato'' is masculine, the application of the phrase is not limited to men. Rather, "person" is meant because the phrase probably elides ''homo'' ("man/person"), not ''vir'' ("man"). It is used in law to describe a decision or action that is motivated by hatred or anger instead of reason and is detrimental to those whom it affects.
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|{{langchor|ab origine}}||from the source||i.e., from the origin, beginning, source, or commencement; or, "originally".
Root of the word [[Indigenous peoples|''aboriginal'']].
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|{{anchor|ab ovo usque ad mala}}{{lankchor|ab ovo}}||from the egg||i.e., from the beginning or origin. Derived from the longer phrase in [[Horace]]'s [[Satires (Horace)|''Satire'']] 1.3: "''ab ovo usque ad mala''", meaning "from the egg to the apples", referring to how [[Ancient Roman cuisine|Ancient Roman meals]] would typically begin with an [[List of egg dishes|egg dish]] and end with fruit ([[cf.]] the English phrase ''[[wikt:from soup to nuts|soup to nuts]]''). Thus, ''ab ovo'' means "from the beginning", and can connote ''thoroughness''.
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|{{langchor|absens haeres non erit}}||an absent person will not be an heir||Legal principle that a person who is not present is unlikely to inherit.
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|{{langchor|absente reo}} <small>{{lang|la|(abs. re.)}}</small>||[with] the defendant being absent||Legal phrase denoting action "in the absence of the accused".
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|{{langchor|absit iniuria}}||absent from injury||i.e., "no offense", meaning to wish that no insult or injury be presumed or done by the speaker's words. Also rendered as ''absit iniuria verbis'' ("let injury be absent from these words"). [[cf.]] ''absit invidia''.
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|{{langchor|absit invidia}}||absent from envy||As opposed to "no offense", ''absit invidia'' is said in the context of a statement of excellence, to ward off envious deities who might interpret a statement of excellence as [[hubris]]. Also extended to ''absit invidia verbo'' ("may ill will/envy be absent from these words"). [[cf.]] ''absit iniuria verbis''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GTc9AAAAIAAJ&dq=verbo+absit+invidia&pg=PA160 An explanation of Livy's usage.]</ref>
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|{{langchor|absit omen}}||absent from [[omen]]||i.e., "let this not be a bad omen", expressing the hope that something ill-boding does not turn out to be bad luck in the future.
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|{{langchor|absolutum dominium}}||absolute dominion||i.e., total or supreme power, dominion, [[ownership]], or [[sovereignty]]
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|{{langchor|absolvo}}||I absolve||Legal term pronounced by a judge in order to acquit a defendant following their trial. ''Te absolvo'' or ''absolvo te'' ("I forgive you") is said by [[Roman Catholic]] priests during the [[Sacrament]] of [[Confession (religion)|Confession]], prior to the [[Second Vatican Council]] and in vernacular thereafter.
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|{{langchor|abundans cautela non nocet}}||abundant caution does no harm||i.e., "one can never be too careful"
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|{{langchor|ab uno disce omnes}}||from one, learn all||Refers to situations in which a single example or observation indicates a general or universal truth. Coined in [[Virgil]], ''[[Aeneid]]'' II 65-6. Example: visible in the court of King Silas in the American television series ''[[Kings (American TV series)|Kings]]''.
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|{{lankchor|ab urbe condita}} <small>{{lang|la|(AUC)}}</small>||from the [[Founding of Rome|founding of the City]]||i.e., "from the founding of Rome", which occurred in 753 BC, according to [[Livy]]. It was used as a referential year in ancient Rome from which subsequent years were calculated, prior to being replaced by other dating conventions. Also ''anno urbis conditae'' <small>(AUC),</small> literally "in the year of the founded city".
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|{{langchor|abusus non tollit usum}}||misuse does not remove use||The misuse of some thing does not eliminate the possibility of its correct use. [[cf.]] ''ab abusu ad usum non valet consequentia''
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|{{langchor|ab utili}}||from utility||Used of an argument
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|{{langchor|abyssus abyssum invocat}}||deep calleth unto deep||From {{sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=Psalms|chapter=42|verse=7}}; some translations have "sea calls to sea".
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|{{langchor|accipe hoc}} ||take this||Motto of the [[848 Naval Air Squadron]], [[British Royal Navy]]
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|{{langchor|accusare nemo se debet nisi coram Deo}}||no one ought to accuse himself except in the presence of God||Legal principle denoting that an accused person is entitled to [[Pleading|plead]] not guilty, and that a witness is not obligated to respond or submit a document that would [[self-incrimination|incriminate himself]]. A similar phrase is ''[[Right to silence|nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare]]'' ("no one is bound to accuse himself").
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|{{langchor|acta deos numquam mortalia fallunt}}||mortal actions never deceive the gods||Derived from [[Ovid]], ''[[Tristia]]'', I.ii, 97: ''si tamen acta deos numquam mortalia fallunt, / a culpa facinus scitis abesse mea.'' ("Yet if mortal actions never deceive the gods, / you know that crime was absent from my fault.")
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|{{langchor|acta est fabula plaudite}}||The play has been performed; applaud!||Common ending to ancient Roman comedies: [[Suetonius]] claimed in ''[[The Twelve Caesars]]'' that these were the last words of [[Augustus]]; [[Jean Sibelius|Sibelius]] applied them to the third movement of his [[Voces intimae (Sibelius)|String Quartet]] No. 2, so that his audience would recognize that it was the last one, because a fourth would be ordinarily expected.
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|{{langchor|acta non verba}}||Deeds not Words||Motto of the [[United States Merchant Marine Academy]].
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|{{langchor|acta sanctorum}}||Deeds of the [[Saint]]s||Also used in the singular preceding a saint's name: ''[[Acta Sanctorum|Acta Sancti]]'' ("Deeds of Saint") N.; a common title of [[hagiography]] works
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|{{langchor|actiones secundum fidei}}||action follows belief||i.e., "we act according to what we believe (ourselves to be)."<ref name="JamesTen" />
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|{{langchor|actore non probante reus absolvitur}}||A defendant is exonerated by the failure of the prosecution to prove its case<ref>[https://openjurist.org/law-dictionary-ballentines/actore-non-probante-reus-absolvitur "Actore non probante reus absolvitur"], ''Ballantine's Law Dictionary'' (1916) – via openjurist.org</ref>||[[presumption of innocence]]
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|{{langchor|actus me invito factus non est meus actus}}||the act done by me against my will is not my act||
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|{{langchor|actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea}}||The act does not make [a person] guilty unless the mind should be guilty.||Legal principle of the presumption of ''[[mens rea]]'' in a [[crime]]
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|{{lankchor|actus reus}}||guilty act||The actual crime that is committed, as opposed to the intent, thinking, and rationalizing that procured the criminal act; the external elements of a crime, rather than the internal elements (i.e. ''mens rea'').
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|{{langchor|ad absurdum}}||to absurdity||In [[logic]], to the point of being silly or nonsensical. See also ''[[reductio ad absurdum]]''. Not to be confused with ''ab absurdo'' ("from the absurd").
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|{{langchor|ad abundantiam}}||to abundance||Used in legal language when providing additional evidence to an already sufficient collection. Also used commonly as an equivalent of "as if this wasn't enough".
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|{{langchor|ad acta}}||to the archives||Denoting the irrelevance of a thing
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|{{anchor|ad altiora tendo}}|''ad altiora tendo''||I strive towards higher things||
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|{{langchor|ad arbitrium}}||at will, at pleasure||
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|{{lankchor|ad astra|ad astra (phrase)}}|||to the stars||A common name or motto, in whole or part, among many publications
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|{{lankchor|ad astra per aspera|ad astra (phrase)}}|||to the stars through difficulties||i.e., "a rough road leads to the stars", as on the [[Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 34|Launch Complex 34]] memorial plaque for the astronauts of [[Apollo 1]]. Used as a motto by the [[State of Kansas]] and other organisations
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|{{langchor|ad augusta per angusta}}||through difficulties to honours||i.e., to rise to a high position overcoming hardships.
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|{{langchor|ad captandum vulgus}}||to captivate the mob||i.e., to appeal to the masses. Often said of or used by politicians. Likewise, an ''[[argumentum ad captandum]]'' is an argument designed to please the crowd.
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|{{langchor|ad clerum}}||to the clergy||Formal letter or communication in the Christian tradition from a [[bishop]] to his clergy. An ''ad clerum'' may be an encouragement in a time of celebration or a technical explanation of new regulations or [[Canon law|canons]].
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|{{lankchor|ad coelum}} or<br />''{{langchor|a caelo usque ad centrum}}''||from the sky to the center||i.e., "from Heaven all the way to the center of the Earth". In law, it may refer to the proprietary principle of ''[[cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos]]'' ("whosesoever is the soil, it is his up to the sky and down to the depths [of the Earth]").
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|{{langchor|ad eundem}}||to the same||An [[ad eundem degree|''ad eundem'' degree]] (derived from ''ad eundem gradum'', "to the same step or degree") is a courtesy degree awarded by a university or college to an [[alumnus]] of another. Rather than an [[honorary degree]], it is a recognition of the formal learning for which the degree was earned at another college.
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|{{lankchor|ad fontes}}||to the sources||Motto of [[Renaissance humanism]] and the [[Protestant Reformation]]
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|{{langchor|ad fundum}}||to the bottom||i.e., "bottoms up!" (during a generic [[toast (honor)|toast]]) or "back to the basics", depending on context.
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|{{lankchor|ad hoc}}||to this||i.e., "for this", in the sense of improvised or intended only for a specific, immediate purpose.
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|{{lankchor|ad hominem}}||to/at the man||Provides the term ''argumentum ad hominem'', a [[Deductive fallacy|logical fallacy]] in which a person themselves is criticized, when the subject of debate is their idea or argument, on the mistaken assumption that the soundness of an argument is dependent on the qualities of the proponent.
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|{{lankchor|ad honorem}}||to/for the honour||i.e., not for the purpose of gaining any material reward
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|{{lankchor|ad infinitum}}||to [[infinity]]||i.e., enduring forever. Used to designate a property which repeats in all cases in [[mathematical proof]]. Also used in [[Philosophy|philosophical]] contexts to mean "repeating in all cases".
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|{{langchor|ad interim}} <small>{{lang|la|(ad int.)}}</small>||for the meantime||As in the term "''[[Chargé d'affaires|chargé d'affaires ad interim]]''", denoting a diplomatic officer who acts in place of an ambassador.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/ad+interim|work=The World's Fastest Dictionary|title=ad interim}}</ref>
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|{{langchor|ad kalendas graecas}}||at the Greek [[Calends]]||i.e., "[[flying pig|when pigs fly]]". Attributed by [[Suetonius]] in ''[[The Twelve Caesars]]'' to [[Augustus]]. The Calends were specific days of the [[Roman calendar]], not of the [[Attic calendar|Greek]], and so the "Greek Kalends" would never occur.
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|{{lankchor|ad libitum}} <small>{{lang|la|(ad lib)}}</small>||toward pleasure||i.e, "according to what pleases" or "as you wish". In music and theatrical scripts, it typically indicates that the performer has the liberty to change or omit something. ''Ad lib'' is often, specifically used when one [[Improvisation|improvises]] or ignores limitations. Also used by some restaurants in favor of the colloquial "all you can eat or drink". ''Libitum'' comes from the past [[participle]] of ''libere'' ("to please").
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|{{langchor|ad limina apostolorum}}||to the thresholds of the Apostles||i.e., to Rome. Refers specifically to the [[quinquennial visit ad limina|quinquennial visit ''ad limina'']], a formal trip by Roman Catholic bishops to visit the Pope every five years.
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|{{lankchor|ad litem}}||to the lawsuit||Legal phrase referring to a party appointed by a court to act in a lawsuit on behalf of another party who is deemed incapable of representing himself or herself, such as a child. An individual who acts in this capacity is called a ''[[guardian ad litem]]''.
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|{{langchor|ad locum}} ({{lang|la|ad loc.}})||at the place||Used to suggest looking for information about a term in the corresponding place in a cited work of reference.
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|{{langchor|ad lucem}}||to the light||frequently used motto for educational institutions
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|{{lankchor|ad maiorem Dei gloriam}} <small>{{lang|la|(AMDG)}}</small>||For the greater glory of God||motto of the [[Society of Jesus]] (Jesuits)
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|{{langchor|ad meliora}}||towards better things||Motto of [[St Patrick's College, Cavan]], Ireland
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|{{langchor|ad mortem}}||to/at death||Medical phrase serving as a synonym for death
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|{{langchor|ad multos annos}}||to many years||Wish for a long life; similar to "[[Many happy returns (greeting)|many happy returns]]".
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|{{lankchor|ad nauseam}}||to sickness||i.e., "to the point of disgust". Sometimes used as a humorous alternative to ''ad infinitum''. An ''argumentum ad nauseam'' is a [[Deductive fallacy|logical fallacy]] in which erroneous proof is proffered by prolonged repetition of the argument, i. e., the argument is repeated so many times that persons are "sick of it".
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|{{langchor|ad oculos}}||to the eyes||i.e., "obvious on sight" or "obvious to anyone that sees it"
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|{{langchor|ad pedem litterae}}||to the foot of the letter||i.e., "exactly as it is written", "to the letter", or "to the very last detail"
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|{{langchor|ad perpetuam memoriam}}||to the perpetual memory||Generally precedes "of" and a person's name, used to wish for someone to be remembered long after death
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|{{langchor|ad pondus omnium}}<br><small>{{lang|la|(ad pond om)}}</small>||to the weight of all things||i.e., "considering everything's weight". The abbreviation was historically used by physicians and others to signify that the last prescribed ingredient is to weigh as much as all of the previously mentioned ones.
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|{{lankchor|ad quod damnum}}||to whatever damage||i.e., "according to the harm" or "in proportion to the harm". The phrase is used in [[tort]] law as a measure of [[damages]] inflicted, implying that a [[legal remedy|remedy]] (if one exists) ought to correspond specifically and only to the damage suffered. [[cf.]] ''[[Damnum absque injuria|damnum absque iniuria]]''.
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|{{langchor|ad referendum}}<br /><small>({{lang|la|ad ref}})</small>||to reference||i.e., subject to be proposed, provisionally approved, but still needing official approval. Not the same as a [[referendum]].
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|{{langchor|ad rem}}||to the matter||i.e., "to the point" or "without [[digression]]"
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|{{langchor|adsumus}}||here we are||Motto of the [[Brazilian Marine Corps]]. A prayer ''Adsumus, Sancte Spiritus'' (''We stand before You, Holy Spirit'') is typically said at the start of every session of an [[Catholic ecumenical councils|Ecumenical Council]] or [[Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church|Synod of Bishops]] in the Catholic Church.<ref>[[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]] (USCCB), [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/EN-ADSUMUS.pdf Adsumus, Sancte Spiritus: Prayer of invocation to the Holy Spirit for an ecclesial assembly of governance or discernment (thus synodal)], accessed 30 July 2022</ref>
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|{{langchor|ad susceptum perficiendum}}||in order to achieve what has been undertaken||Motto of the [[Association of Trust Schools]]
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|{{langchor|ad terminum qui praeteriit}}||for the term which has passed||Legal phrase for a [[writ]] of entry<ref>[[William Blackstone|Blackstone, William]]. "Of Injuries to Real Property, and First of Dispossession, or Ouster, of the Freehold". Ch. 10 in ''[[Commentaries on the Laws of England]]'' 3. n. 47.</ref>
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|{{langchor|ad undas}}||to the waves||i.e., "to Hell"
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|{{langchor|ad unum}}||to one||
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|{{langchor|ad usum Delphini}}||for the use of the [[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]]||Said of a work that has been expurgated of offensive or improper parts. Originates from editions of Greek and Roman classics which [[Louis XIV of France|King Louis XIV of France]] had [[censorship|censored]] for his heir apparent, the ''Dauphin''. Also rarely ''in usum Delphini'' ("into the use of the ''Dauphin''").
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|{{langchor|ad usum proprium}} <small>{{lang|la|(ad us. propr.)}}</small>||for one's own use||
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|{{lankchor|ad utrumque paratus}}||prepared for either [alternative]||Motto of [[Lund University]], with the implied alternatives being the book (study) and the sword (defending the nation in war), of the [[United States Marine Corps]]' [[III Marine Expeditionary Force]] and of the [[Spanish Submarine Force]]
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|{{langchor|ad valorem}}||according to value||Used in commerce to refer to [[ad valorem tax]]es, i.e., taxes based on the assessed value of [[real estate]] or [[personal property]]
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|{{langchor|ad victoriam}}||to/for victory||Used as a [[battle cry]] by the Romans.
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|{{langchor|ad vitam aeternam}}||to [[immortality|eternal life]]||i.e., "to life everlasting". A common Biblical phrase
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|{{lankchor|ad vitam aut culpam}}||for life or until fault||Used in reference to the ending of a political term upon the death or downfall of the officer (demise as in their commission of a sufficiently grave immorality and/or legal crime).
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|{{lankchor|addendum}}||thing to be added||i.e., an item to be added, especially as a supplement to a book. The plural is ''addenda''.
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|{{lankchor|adaequatio intellectus et rei|Correspondence theory of truth}}|||correspondence of mind and reality||One of the classic definitions of "truth:" when the mind has the same form as reality, we ''think truth''. Also rendered as ''adaequatio intellectus et rei''.
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|{{langchor|adaequatio intellectus nostri cum re}}||conformity of intellect to the fact||Phrase used in [[epistemology]] regarding the nature of understanding.
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|{{langchor|adsum}}||I am here||i.e., "present!" or "here!" The opposite of ''absum'' ("I am absent").
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|{{langchor|adtigo planitia Lunae}}||I will reach the plains of the Moon||Insignia motto of the American [[IM-1]] lunar mission.
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|{{langchor|adversus solem ne loquitor}}||do not speak against the Sun||i.e., "do not argue what is obviously/manifestly incorrect."
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|{{lankchor|advocatus diaboli}}||Devil's advocate||Someone who, in the face of a specific argument, voices an argument that he does not necessarily accept, for the sake of argument and discovering the truth by testing the opponent's argument. [[cf.]] ''[[arguendo]]''.
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|{{langchor|aegri somnia}}||a sick man's dreams||i.e., "troubled dreams". From [[Horace]], ''[[Ars Poetica (Horace)|Ars Poetica]]'' VII 7.
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|{{langchor|aes alienum}}||foreign debt||i.e., "someone else's money"
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|{{langchor|aetatis suae}} ({{lang|la|aetatis}}, {{lang|la|aetat.}} or {{lang|la|aet.}})||of his age or at the age of||The word ''{{anchor|aetat}}aetatis'' means "aged" or "of age" (e.g. "aetatis 36" denotes being "of age 36" or "aged 36 years old") Appears on portraits, gravestones, monuments, etc. Usually preceded by ''anno'' <small>(AAS)</small>, "in the year # [of his age/life]". Frequently combined with ''[[Anno Domini]]'', giving a date as both the age of [[Jesus Christ]] and the age of the decedent. Example: "''Obiit anno Domini MDCXXXVI<sup>o</sup> (tricensimo sexto), [anno] aetatis suae XXV<sup>o</sup> (vicensimo quinto)''" ("he died in the 1636th year of the Lord, [being] the 25th [year] of his age[/life]").
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|{{lankchor|affidavit}}||he asserted||Legal term derived from ''[[Fides (reliability)|fides]]'' ("faith"), originating at least from [[Medieval Latin]] to denote a statement under oath.
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|{{langchor|age quod agis}}||do what you do||i.e., "do what you are doing," or "do well whatever you do." [[Literal and figurative language|Figuratively]], it means "keep going, because you are inspired or dedicated to do so." This is the motto of several [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] schools, and was also used by [[Pope John XXIII]] in the sense of "do not be concerned with any other matter than the task in hand;" he was allaying worry of what would become of him in the future: his sense of ''age quod agis'' was "joy" regarding what is presently occurring and "detachment" from concern of the future.<ref>[[Pope John XXIII]], ''Journal of a Soul'', pp. 154–155</ref>
|-
|{{langchor|agere sequitur esse}} {{lang|la|agere sequitur (esse)}}||action follows being||[[Metaphysics|Metaphysical]] and [[Morality|moral]] principle that indicates the connection of [[ontology]], [[obligation]], and [[ethics]].<ref name="JamesTen">Bretzke, James T. 1998. ''Consecrated Phrases: a Latin Theological Dictionary: Latin Expressions Commonly Found in Theological Writings''. [[Saint John's Abbey, Collegeville|Liturgical Press]]. {{ISBN|0-8146-5880-6|978-0-8146-5880-2}}. p.&nbsp;10.</ref>
|-
|{{lankchor|Agnus Dei}}||[[Lamb of God]]||Refers both to the innocence of a [[sheep|lamb]] and to Christ being a [[sacrificial lamb]] after the Jewish religious practice. It is the Latin translation from [[John 1|John 1:36]], when [[John the Baptist|St. John the Baptist]] exclaimes "''Ecce Agnus Dei''!" ("Behold the Lamb of God!") upon seeing [[Jesus Christ]].
|-
|{{lankchor|alea iacta est}}||the die has been cast<!-- Do not change "die" to "dice": dice is plural (more than one) – here "one die" is meant. -->||Said by [[Julius Caesar]] ([[Greek language|Greek]]: {{Langx|grc|ἀνερρίφθω κύβος|translit=anerrhíphthō kýbos|label=none}}) upon crossing the [[Rubicon]] in 49 BC, according to [[Suetonius]]. The original meaning was similar to "the game is afoot", but its modern meaning, like that of the phrase "[[crossing the Rubicon]]", denotes passing the [[point of no return]] on a momentous decision and entering into a risky endeavor where the outcome is left to chance.
|-
|{{langchor|alenda lux ubi orta libertas}}||Let light be nourished where liberty has arisen||"Light" meaning learning. Motto of [[Davidson College]].
|-
|{{langchor|alias}}||at another time, otherwise||An assumed name or [[pseudonym]]; similar to ''[[alter ego]]'', but more specifically referring to a name, not to a "second self".
|-
|{{lankchor|alibi}}||elsewhere||Legal defense where a defendant attempts to show that he was elsewhere at the time a crime was committed (e.g. "his alibi is sound; he gave evidence that he was in another city on the night of the murder.")
|-
|{{langchor|aliquid stat pro aliquo}}||something stands for something else||Foundational definition in [[semiotics]].
|-
|{{langchor|alis aquilae}}||on an eagle's wings||From [[Isaiah 40]]: "But those who wait for the Lord shall find their strength renewed, they shall mount up on wings like eagles, they shall run and not grow weary, they shall walk and not grow faint."
|-
|{{langchor|alis grave nil}}||nothing [is] heavy with wings||i.e., "nothing is heavy to those who have wings"; motto of the [[Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
|-
|{{anchor|alis volat propris}}{{lankchor|alis volat propriis}}||she flies with her own wings||[[List of U.S. state and territory mottos|Motto]] of the State of [[Oregon]], adopted in 1987, replacing the previous state motto of "The Union", which was adopted in 1957.
|-
|{{lankchor|alma mater}}||nourishing mother||Term used for the [[university]] one attends or has attended. Another university term, ''[[matriculation]]'', is also derived from ''mater''. The term suggests that the students are "fed" knowledge and taken care of by the university. It is also used for a university's traditional school anthem.
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|{{lankchor|alter ego}}||another I||i.e., another self, a second [[persona]] or [[pseudonym|alias]]. Can be used to describe different facets or identities of a single character, or different characters who seem representations of the same personality. Often used of a fictional character's [[secret identity]].
|-
|{{langchor|alterius non sit qui suus esse potest}}||let no man be another's who can be his own||Usually attributed to [[Cicero]], the phrase is the final sentence in [[Aesop]]'s ascribed [[fable]] "[[The Frogs Who Desired a King]]" as appears in the collection commonly known as the "[[Gualterus Anglicus|Anonymus Neveleti]]", in Fable 21B: ''De ranis a Iove querentibus regem''. Used as a [[motto]] by [[Paracelsus]].
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|{{langchor|alterum non laedere}}||to not wound another||One of the [[Suum cuique#Antiquity|three basic legal precepts]] in the [[Digest (Roman law)|Digest]] of [[Justinian I]].
|-
|{{lankchor|alumnus}}, or, ''alumna''||pupil||Graduate or former student of a school, college, or university. Plural of alumnus is alumni (male). Plural of alumna is alumnae (female).
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|{{lankchor|a mari usque ad mare}}||from sea to sea||From [[Psalm 72]]:8, "''Et dominabitur a mari usque ad mare, et a flumine usque ad terminos terrae''" ([[King James Version|KJV]]: "He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth"). [[List of national mottos|National motto]] of Canada.
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|{{anchor|amat victoria curam}}''amat victoria curam''||victory favours care||Motto of several schools
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|{{langchor|amicus certus in re incerta}}||a sure friend in an unsure matter||From [[Ennius]], as quoted by [[Cicero]] in ''[[Laelius de Amicitia]],'' [[:la:s:Laelius de Amicitia#64|s.&nbsp;64]]
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|{{lankchor|amicus curiae}}||friend of the court||i.e., an adviser, or a person who can obtain or grant access to the favour of a powerful group (e. g., the [[Roman Curia]]). In current U.S. legal usage, an ''amicus curiae'' is a third party who is allowed to submit a [[legal opinion]] in the form of an ''amicus'' brief to the court.
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|{{lankchor|Amicus Plato, sed magis amica veritas}}.||Plato is my friend, but truth is a better friend.||An assertion that ''truth'' is more valuable than friendship. Attributed to [[Aristotle]], ''[[Nicomachean Ethics]]'', 1096a15; and [[Roger Bacon]], ''[[Opus Majus]]'', Part 1, Chapter 5.
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|{{lankchor|amicus usque ad aras}}
|a friend as far as to the altars
|"a friend as far as to the altars", "a friend whose only higher allegiance is to religion", "a friend to the very end".
|-
|{{lankchor|amittere legem terrae}}||to lose the law of the land||An obsolete legal phrase signifying the [[Forfeiture (law)|forfeiture]] of the right of swearing in any court or cause, or to become infamous.
|-
|{{langchor|amor Dei intellectualis}}||intellectual love of God||From [[Baruch Spinoza]]
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|{{langchor|amor et melle et felle est fecundissimus}}||love is rich with both honey and venom||From Act One, Scene One of [[Plautus]]’ play ''[[Cistellaria]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=T. Maccius Plautus, Cistellaria, or The Casket, act 1, scene 1|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0098:act=1:scene=1|access-date=2021-07-24|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref>
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|{{lankchor|amor fati}}||love of fate||[[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzscheian]] alternative worldview to that represented through ''[[memento mori]]'' ("remember you must die"): Nietzsche believed ''amor fati'' was more affirmative of life.
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|{{langchor|amor omnibus idem}}||love is the same for all||From [[Virgil]], ''[[Georgics]]'' III
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|{{langchor|amor patriae}}||love of the fatherland||i.e., "love of the nation;" [[patriotism]]
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|{{lankchor|amor vincit omnia|Love Conquers All (disambiguation)}}||love conquers all||Originally from [[Virgil]], ''[[Eclogues]]'' [[:la:s:Eclogae vel bucolica/Ecloga X#65|X, 69]]: ''omnia vincit amor: et nos cedamus amori'' ("love conquers all: let us too surrender to love"). The phrase is inscribed on a bracelet worn by the [[The Prioress's Tale|Prioress]] in [[Geoffrey Chaucer|Chaucer]]'s ''[[The Canterbury Tales|Canterbury Tales]].''
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|{{lang|la|{{anchor|an nescis}}An nescis, mi fili, quantilla prudentia mundus regatur?}}||Do you not know, my son, with how little wisdom the world is governed?||Written by [[Axel Oxenstierna]] in a letter to encourage his son, a delegate to the negotiations that would lead to the [[Peace of Westphalia]], who worried about his ability to hold his own amidst experienced and eminent statesmen and diplomats.
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|{{langchor|anglice}}||in English||Used before the [[Anglicisation|anglicized]] version of a word or name. For example, "Terra Mariae, ''anglice'', Maryland".
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|{{lankchor|animus in consulendo liber}}||a mind unfettered in deliberation||Motto of [[NATO]]
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|{{langchor|anno}} <small>{{lang|la|(an.)}}</small>||in the year||Also used in such phrases as ''[[Ab urbe condita|anno urbis conditae]]'' (see ''ab urbe condita''), ''Anno Domini'', and ''anno regni''.
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|{{lankchor|anno Domini}} <small>{{lang|la|(A.D.)}}</small>||in the year of our Lord||Abbreviation of ''Anno Domini Nostri Jesu Christi'' ("in the year of Our Lord Jesus Christ"), the predominantly-used system for dating years across the world; used with the [[Gregorian Calendar]] and based on the perceived year of the birth of [[Jesus Christ]]. The years before His birth were formerly signified by ''a. C. n'' (''[[ante Christum natum]],'' "before Christ was born"), but now use the English abbreviation "BC" ("before Christ"). For example, [[Augustus]] was born in the year 63 BC and died in AD 14.
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|{{langchor|anno regni}}||In the year of the reign||Precedes "of" and the current ruler
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|{{lankchor|annuit cœptis}}||he nods at things now begun||i.e., "he approves our undertakings." Motto on the reverse of the [[Great Seal of the United States]] and, consequently, on the reverse of the [[United States one-dollar bill]]; in this context the motto refers to God.
|-
|{{lankchor|annus horribilis}}||horrible year||Variation on ''[[annus mirabilis]]'', recorded in print from 1890.<ref>{{cite web|title=annus horribilis|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/annus%20horribilis|website=[[Webster's Dictionary]]|access-date=17 March 2018}}</ref> Notably used in a speech by [[Elizabeth II#1990s|Queen Elizabeth II]] to describe what a bad year 1992 had been for her. In [[Classical Latin]], this phrase actually means "terrifying year". See also ''annus terribilis''.
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|{{lankchor|annus mirabilis}}||wonderful year||Used particularly to refer to the years 1665 and 1666, during which [[Isaac Newton]] made revolutionary inventions and discoveries in calculus, motion, optics and gravitation. ''[[Annus Mirabilis (poem)|Annus Mirabilis]]'' is also the title of a poem by [[John Dryden]] written in the same year. It has since been used to refer to other years, especially to 1905, when [[Albert Einstein]] made equally revolutionary discoveries concerning the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, mass-energy equivalence, and the special theory of relativity. ''(''See [[Annus Mirabilis papers|''Annus Mirabilis'' papers]]) another use was the [[Annus Mirabilis of 1759]] to commemorate the string of victories won by Britain and her allies.
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|{{langchor|annus terribilis}}||dreadful year||Used to describe 1348, the year the [[Black Death]] began to afflict Europe.
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|{{lankchor|ante bellum|wikt:pre-war}}|||before the war||As in ''[[status quo ante bellum]]'' ("as it was before the war"); commonly used as ''antebellum'' to refer to the period preceding the [[American Civil War]], primarily in reference to the [[Southern United States]] at that time.
|-
|{{langchor|ante cibum}} <small>{{lang|la|(a.c.)}}</small>||before food||[[Medical prescription#Abbreviations|Medical shorthand]] for "before meals"
|-
|{{langchor|ante faciem Domini}}||before the face of the Lord||Motto of the [[Christian Brothers College, Adelaide]]
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|{{langchor|ante litteram}}||before the letter||Said of an expression or term that describes something which existed before the phrase itself was introduced or became common.<small> Example: [[Alan Turing]] was a computer scientist ''ante litteram'', since the field of "[[computer science]]" was not yet recognized in Turing's day.</small>
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|{{lankchor|ante meridiem|12-hour clock}} <small>(a.m.)</small>||before midday||From midnight to noon; confer ''[[12-hour clock|post meridiem]]''
|-
|{{langchor|ante mortem}}||before death||See ''post mortem'' ("after death")
|-
|{{langchor|ante omnia armari}}||before all else, be armed||
|-
|{{langchor|ante prandium}} <small>{{lang|la|(a.p.)}}</small>||before [[lunch]]||Used on pharmaceutical prescriptions to denote "before a meal". Less common is ''post prandium'' ("after lunch").
|-
|{{langchor|antiqui colant antiquum dierum}}||let the ancients worship the ancient of days||The motto of [[Chester]]
|-
|{{langchor|aperire terram gentibus}}||open the land to nations||Motto of [[Ferdinand de Lesseps]] referring to the [[Suez Canal|Suez]] and [[Panama Canal|Panama]] Canals. Also appears on a plaque at [[Kinshasa]] train station.
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|{{langchor|apparatus criticus}}||tools of a critic||Textual notes or a list of other readings relating to a document, especially in a scholarly edition of a text.
|-
|{{langchor|apologia pro vita sua}}||defense of one's life<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/apologia+pro+vita+sua|title=apologia pro vita sua|website=[[Merriam-Webster]]}}</ref>||
|-
|{{lankchor|apud|Wikt:apud}}||in the writings of||Used in scholarly works to cite a reference at second hand
|-
|{{langchor|aqua}} <small>{{lang|la|(aq.)}}</small>||water||
|-
|{{langchor|aqua fortis}}||strong water||Refers to [[nitric acid]], thus called because of its ability to dissolve all materials except gold and platinum
|-
|{{langchor|aqua pura}}||pure water||Or, "clear water" or "clean water"
|-
|{{lankchor|aqua regia}}||royal water||Refers to a mixture of [[hydrochloric acid]] and [[nitric acid]], thus called because of its ability to dissolve gold and platinum
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|{{lankchor|aqua vitae}}||water of life||"Spirit of Wine" in many English texts. Used to refer to various native [[distilled beverage]]s, such as [[whisky]] (''uisge beatha'') in Scotland and Ireland, [[gin]] in the Netherlands, [[brandy]] (''eau de vie'') in France, and [[akvavit]] in Scandinavia.
|-
|{{lankchor|aquila non capit muscas}}||an eagle does not catch flies||Or, "a noble or important person does not deal with insignificant matters"
|-
|{{langchor|arare litus}}||to plough the seashore||[[Desiderius Erasmus]], ''Adagia'' (AD 1508); meaning "wasted labor"
|-
|{{langchor|arbiter elegantiarum}}||judge of tastes||One who prescribes, rules on, or is a recognized authority on matters of social behavior and taste. Said of [[Petronius]]. Sometimes found in the singular as ''arbiter elegantiae'' ("judge of taste").
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|{{langchor|arcana imperii}}||the secrets of power||Originally used by [[Tacitus]] to refer to the state secrets and unaccountable acts of the Roman imperial government
|-
|{{langchor|arcanum boni tenoris animae}}||The secret behind a good mood||Motto of the [[Starobrno Brewery]] in [[Brno]]
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|{{lankchor|arcus senilis}}||bow of an old person||An opaque circle around the [[cornea]] of the eye, often seen in elderly people. When it is found in patients less than 50 years old it is termed arcus juvenilis
|-
|{{langchor|arduus ad solem}}||Striving towards the Sun||Motto of [[Victoria University of Manchester]]
|-
|{{lankchor|argentum album}}||white silver||Also "silver coin"; mentioned in the ''[[Domesday Book]]''; signifies [[bullion]] or [[silver]] [[coin|uncoined]]
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|{{langchor|arguendo}}||for arguing||Or, "for the sake of argument". Said when something is done purely in order to discuss a matter or illustrate a point. E. g., "let us assume, ''arguendo'', that your claim is correct."
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|{{langchor|argumentum}}||argument||Or "reasoning", "inference", "appeal", or "proof". The plural is ''argumenta''. Commonly used in the names of logical [[argument]]s and [[Deductive fallacy|fallacies]], preceding phrases such as ''[[argument from silence|a silentio]]'' (by silence), ''[[appeal to tradition|ad antiquitatem]]'' (to antiquity), ''[[argumentum ad baculum|ad baculum]]'' (to the stick), ''[[ad captandum]]'' (to capturing), ''[[appeal to consequences|ad consequentiam]]'' (to the consequence), ''[[argumentum ad crumenam|ad crumenam]]'' (to the purse), ''[[ad feminam]]'' (to the woman), ''[[ad hominem]]'' (to the person), ''[[argument from ignorance|ad ignorantiam]]'' (to ignorance), ''ad invidiam'' (to envy/jealousy/odium/hatred/reproach – appealing to low passions), ''ad judicium'' (to judgment), ''[[argumentum ad lazarum|ad lazarum]]'' (to poverty), ''[[argument from fallacy|ad logicam]]'' (to logic), ''[[appeal to fear|ad metum]]'' (to fear), ''[[appeal to pity|ad misericordiam]]'' (to pity), ''[[ad nauseam]]'' (to nausea), ''[[appeal to novelty|ad novitatem]]'' (to novelty), ''[[Ad hominem#Abusive ad hominem|ad personam]]'' (to the character), ''[[argumentum ad populum|ad numerum]]'' (to the number), ''[[appeal to spite|ad odium]]'' (to spite), ''[[argumentum ad populum|ad populum]]'' (to the people), ''[[Argument to moderation|ad temperantiam]]'' (to moderation), ''[[Argument from authority|ad verecundiam]]'' (to reverence), ''[[argument from silence|ex silentio]]'' (from silence), ''[[appeal to fear|in terrorem]]'' (into terror), and ''[[Argumentum e contrario|e contrario]]'' (from/to the opposite).
|-
|{{anchor|Arma Christi}} {{lang|la|[[Arma Christi|arma christi]]}}||weapons of Christ||also known as ''Instruments of the Passion'' are the objects associated with the [[Passion of Jesus|Passion of Jesus Christ]] in [[Christian symbolism]] and [[Christian art|art]]. They are seen as [[Coat of arms|arms]] in the sense of [[heraldry]], and also as the weapons Christ used to achieve his conquest over [[Satan]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kqSoDQAAQBAJ&q=arma+christi|isbn = 9781351894616|title = The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture: With a Critical Edition of 'O Vernicle'|date = 5 December 2016|publisher = Routledge}}</ref>
|-
|{{anchor|Armata potentia}}{{langchor|armata potentia}}||armed and powerful||charge made by a [[Justice of the Peace]] in [[Medieval England]] against those who rode in arms against the King's Peace.
|-
|{{langchor|ars celare artem}}||art [is] to conceal art||An aesthetic ideal that good art should appear natural rather than contrived. Of medieval origin, but often incorrectly attributed to [[Ovid]].<ref>{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQ7SYYc_5RsC
|title=Reading Ovid: Stories from the Metamorphoses
|author=Peter Jones|author-link=Peter Jones (classicist)
|year=2006
|page=223
|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]
|isbn=0-521-84901-2}}</ref>
|-
|{{langchor|ars gratia artis}}||art for the sake of art||Translated into Latin from [[Charles Baudelaire|Baudelaire]]'s ''L'art pour l'art''. Motto of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]. While symmetrical for the logo of MGM, the better word order in Latin is "Ars artis gratia".
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|{{lankchor|ars longa, vita brevis}}||art is long, life is short||[[Seneca the Younger|Seneca]], ''De Brevitate Vitae'', 1.1, translating a phrase of [[Hippocrates]] that is often used out of context. The "art" referred to in the original aphorism was the craft of medicine, which took a lifetime to acquire.
|-
|{{langchor|arte et labore}}||by art and by labour||Motto of [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.]]
|-
|{{langchor|arte et marte}}||by skill and by fighting||Motto of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers of the British Army and Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (EME) Branch of the [[Canadian Forces]]
|-
|{{langchor|Artis Bohemiae Amicis}}||Friends of Czech Arts||Award of the Minister of Culture of the [[Czech Republic]] for the promotion of the positive reputation of Czech culture abroad
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|{{langchor|asinus ad lyram}}||an ass to the lyre||[[Desiderius Erasmus]], ''Adagia'' (AD 1508); meaning "an awkward or incompetent individual"
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|{{langchor|asinus asinum fricat}}||the jackass rubs the jackass||Used to describe 2 persons who are lavishing excessive praise on one another
|-
|{{langchor|assecuratus non quaerit lucrum sed agit ne in damno sit}}||the assured does not seek profit but makes [it his profit] that he not be in loss||Refers to the [[insurance]] principle that the indemnity can not be larger than the loss
|-
|{{langchor|astra inclinant, sed non obligant}}||the stars incline us, they do not bind us||Refers to the distinction of [[free will]] from astrological determinism
|-
|{{langchor|auctores varii}}||[[various authors]]||Used in bibliography for books, texts, publications, or articles that have more than 3 collaborators
|-
|{{lankchor|auctoritas}}||authority||Level of prestige a person had in Roman society
|-
|{{langchor|auctoritas non veritas facit legem}}||authority, not truth, makes law||This formula appears in the 1668 Latin revised edition of [[Thomas Hobbes]]'s ''[[Leviathan (Hobbes book)|Leviathan]]'', book 2, chapter 26, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=IY8o8On4gJ4C&dq=%22Authoritas+non+Veritas+facit+Le+m%22&pg=RA1-PA133 133].
|-
|{{langchor|audacia pro muro et scuto opus}}||boldness is our wall, action is our shield||[[Cornelis Jol]],<ref>[[Casparus Barlaeus|C. Barlaeus]], [https://archive.org/stream/casparisbarlirer01baer#page/94/mode/2up ''Rerum per octennium in Brasilia et alibi nuper gestarum'']</ref> in a bid to rally his rebellious captains to fight and conquer the [[Spanish treasure fleet]] in 1638.
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|{{langchor|audacter calumniare, semper aliquid haeret}}||slander boldly, something always sticks||[[Francis Bacon]], ''De Augmentis Scientiarum'' (AD 1623)
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|{{langchor|audax at fidelis}}||bold but faithful||[[List of national mottos|Motto]] of [[Queensland]], Australia
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|{{langchor|audeamus}}||let us dare||Motto of the [[Canadian Special Operations Regiment]] [CSOR] on their regimental coat of arms; of [[Otago University Students' Association]], a direct response to the university's motto of ''[[wikt:sapere aude|sapere aude]]'' ("dare to be wise"); and of [[Champlain College]] in [[Burlington, Vermont]].
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|{{lankchor|audemus jura nostra defendere}}||we dare to defend our rights||[[List of U.S. state and territory mottos|Motto]] of the [[State of Alabama]], adopted in 1923; translated into Latin from a paraphrase of the stanza "Men who their duties know / But know their rights, and knowing, dare maintain" from [[William Jones (philologist)|William Jones]], "What Constitutes a State?"
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|{{langchor|audentes fortuna iuvat}}||[[Fortune favors the bold]]||From [[Virgil]], ''[[Aeneid]]'', Book 10, 284, where the first word is in an archaic form, ''audentis fortuna iuvat''. Allegedly the last words of [[Pliny the Elder]] before he left the docks at [[Pompeii]] to rescue people from the eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius|Vesuvius]] in 79. Often quoted as ''audaces fortuna iuvat''. Also the motto of the [[Portuguese Army Commandos]] and the {{USS|Montpelier|SSN-765|6}} in the latter form.
|-
|{{langchor|audere est facere}}||to dare is to do||Motto of [[Tottenham Hotspur F.C.]]
|-
|{{lankchor|audi alteram partem}}||hear the other side||Legal principle; also worded as ''audiatur et altera pars'' ("let the other side be heard also")
|-
|{{langchor|audio hostem}}||I hear the enemy||Motto of the 845 NAS Royal Navy
|-
|{{langchor|audi, vide, tace}}||hear, see, be silent||
|-
|{{langchor|aurea mediocritas}}||[[golden mean (philosophy)|golden mean]]||From [[Horace]]'s ''Odes'', 2, 10. Refers to the ethical goal of reaching a virtuous middle ground between two sinful extremes. The [[golden mean (philosophy)|golden mean concept]] is common to many philosophers, chiefly [[Aristotle]].
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|{{langchor|auri sacra fames}}||accursed hunger for gold||From [[Virgil]], ''[[Aeneid]]'', Book 3, 57. Later quoted by [[Seneca the Younger|Seneca]] as ''quod non mortalia pectora coges, auri sacra fames'' ("what do not you force mortal hearts [to do], accursed hunger for gold").
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|{{langchor|auribus teneo lupum}}||I hold a wolf by the ears||Common ancient proverb, this version from [[Terence]]. It indicates that one is in a dangerous situation where both holding on and letting go could be deadly. A modern version is "to have a tiger by the tail".
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|{{lankchor|aurora australis}}||southern dawn||The Southern Lights, an [[aurora]] that appears in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]. It is less well-known than the Northern Lights (''aurorea borealis''). The ''[[Aurora Australis (icebreaker)|Aurora Australis]]'' is also the name of an Antarctic [[icebreaker]] ship.
|-
|{{lankchor|aurora borealis}}||northern dawn||The Northern Lights, an [[aurora]] that appears in the [[Northern Hemisphere]].
|-
|{{langchor|aurora musis amica}}||dawn is a friend to the muses||Title of a [[distich]] by Iohannes Christenius (1599–1672): "Conveniens studiis non est nox, commoda lux est; / Luce labor bonus est et bona nocte quies." ("Night is not suitable for studying, daylight is; / working by light is good, as is rest at night."); in {{Cite book|title=Epigrammata disticha|first=Barthold|last=Nihus|publisher=Johannes Kinckius|year=1642|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nMTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT110|ref=none}}
|-
|{{langchor|aurum potestas est}}||gold is power||Motto of the fictional Fowl Family in the [[Artemis Fowl (series)|''Artemis Fowl'']] series, written by [[Eoin Colfer]]
|-
|{{langchor|auspicium melioris aevi}}||hope/token of a better age||Motto of the [[Order of St Michael and St George]] and of [[Raffles Institution]] in [[Singapore]]
|-
|{{langchor|Austriae est imperare orbi universo}} ({{lankchor|A.E.I.O.U.}}) 
|Austria is to rule the whole world
|Motto of the [[House of Habsburg]], coined by [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]]
|-
|{{langchor|aut Caesar aut nihil}}||either [[Caesar (title)|Caesar]] or nothing||Denotes an absolute aspiration to become the [[Emperor]], or the equivalent supreme magistrate, and nothing else. More generally, "all or nothing". A personal motto of [[Cesare Borgia]]. [[Charlie Chaplin]] also used the phrase in [[The Great Dictator]] to ridicule Hynkel's (Chaplin's parody of [[Hitler]]) ambition for power, but substituted "nullus" for "nihil".
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|{{langchor|aut consilio aut ense}}||either by meeting or the sword||I. e., either through reasoned discussion or through war. It was the first [[List of national mottos|motto]] of [[Chile]] (see [[:File:Coat of arms of Chile (1812-1814).svg|coat of arms]]), changed to {{langx|es|Por la razón o la fuerza|link=no}}. Name of episode 1 in season 3 of ''[[Berlin Station (TV series)|Berlin Station]]''.
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|{{langchor|aut cum scuto aut in scuto}}||either with shield or on shield||Or, "do or die" or "no retreat". A Greek expression («Ἢ τὰν ἢ ἐπὶ τᾶς») that Spartan mothers said to their sons as they departed for battle. It refers to the practices that a Greek hoplite would drop his cumbersome shield in order to flee the battlefield, and a slain warrior would be borne home atop his shield.
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|{{langchor|aut imiteris aut oderis}}||imitate or loathe it||[[Seneca the Younger]], ''[[Epistulae morales ad Lucilium]]'', 7:7. From the full phrase: "[[List of Latin phrases (N)#necesse est aut imiteris aut oderis|necesse est aut imiteris aut oderis]]" ("you must either imitate or loathe the world").
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|{{langchor|aut neca aut necare}}{{anchor|neca ne neceris}}||either kill or be killed||Also: "neca ne neceris" ("kill lest you be killed")
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|{{langchor|aut pax aut bellum}}||either peace or war||Motto of the [[Clan Gunn|Gunn Clan]]
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|{{lankchor|aut simul stabunt aut simul cadent}}||they will either stand together or fall together||Said of two situations that can only occur simultaneously: if one ends, so does the other, and vice versa.<ref>[http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2004/07/07/quando-politici-si-rifugiano-nel-latino.060quando.html "Quando i politici si rifugiano nel latino"], [[La Repubblica]], 7 July 2004.</ref>
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|{{lankchor|aut viam inveniam aut faciam|inveniam viam}}|||I will either find a way or make one||[[Hannibal]]
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|{{langchor|aut vincere aut mori}}||either to conquer or to die||General pledge of ''[[List of Latin phrases (V)#victoria aut mors|victoria aut mors]]'' ("[[victory or death]]"). Motto of the Higgenbotham and Higginbottom families of [[Cheshire]], England; participants in the [[War of the Roses]]. Also the motto for the United States 1st Fighter Wing, [[Langley Air Force Base]] in Virginia.
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|{{langchor|ave atque vale}}||hail and farewell||[[Catullus]], ''Carmen'' 101, addressed to his deceased brother
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|{{langchor|ave Europa nostra vera patria}}||hail Europe, our true fatherland||[[Anthem]] of [[Imperium Europa]]
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|{{lankchor|Ave Imperator, morituri te salutant}}||Hail, Emperor! Those who are about to die salute you!||From [[Suetonius]]' ''[[The Twelve Caesars]]'', ''Claudius'' 21. A salute and plea for mercy recorded on one occasion by [[naumachia]]rii–captives and criminals fated to die fighting during mock naval encounters. Later versions included a variant of "We who are about to die", and this translation is sometimes aided by changing the Latin to ''nos morituri te salutamus''.
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|{{lankchor|Ave Maria|Hail Mary}}|||[[Hail Mary|Hail, Mary]]||[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] prayer of intercession asking [[Mary (mother of Jesus)|St. Mary, the Mother of Jesus Christ]] to pray for the petitioner
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|{{langchor|ave mater Angliae}}||Hail, Mother of England||Motto of [[Canterbury]], England
|}</onlyinclude>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

'''Additional references'''
* {{cite book|isbn=0865164223|last=Adeleye|first=Gabriel G.|title=World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions|editor1=Thomas J. Sienkewicz|editor2=James T. McDonough, Jr.|location=Wauconda, Illinois|publisher=Bolchazy-Carducci|year=1999|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/worlddictionaryo00adel|ref=none}}
* {{cite book|isbn=0415917751|last=Stone|first=Jon R.|title=Latin for the Illiterati|location=London & New York|publisher=Routledge|year=1996|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/latinforillitera0000ston|ref=none}}

{{Latin phrases}}

[[Category:Lists of Latin phrases|A]]