View source for Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria

{{Short description|King of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825}}
{{About|the first king of Bavaria|the 17th-century [[Prince-elector|Elector]] Maximilian I|Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria}}

{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Maximilian I Joseph
| full name    = {{ubl|
  |Maximilian Maria Michael John Baptist Francis of Paola Joseph Casper Ignatius Nepomucene
  |{{langx|de|Maximilian Maria Michael Johann Baptist Franz von Paula Joseph Caspar Ignatius Nepomuk}}
}}
| image        = King Max I Joseph in Coronation Robe.jpg
| caption      = Portrait by [[Joseph Stieler]], 1822
| succession   = [[King of Bavaria]]
| reign        = 1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825
| successor    = [[Ludwig I of Bavaria|Ludwig I]]
| succession1  = [[Elector of Bavaria]]
| reign1       = 16 February 1799 – 6 August 1806
| predecessor1 = [[Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria|Charles Theodore]]
| succession2  = [[Count Palatine of the Rhine]]
| reign2       = {{nowrap|16 February 1799}}{{snd}}{{nowrap|1 January 1806}}
| predecessor2 = [[Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria|Charles Theodore]]
| succession3  = [[Duke of Zweibrücken]]
| reign3       = 1 April 1795 – 1 January 1806
| predecessor3 = [[Charles II August, Duke of Zweibrücken|Charles II August]]
| spouse       = {{ubl|
  |{{marriage|[[Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt]]|30 September 1785|30 March 1796|end=died}}
  |{{marriage|[[Caroline of Baden]]|9 March 1797}}
}}
| issue        = {{ubl|
  |[[Ludwig I of Bavaria|Ludwig I, King of Bavaria]]
  |[[Princess Augusta of Bavaria|Augusta, Duchess of Leuchtenberg]]
  |Amalie Marie Auguste of Bavaria
  |[[Caroline Augusta of Bavaria|Caroline Augusta, Empress of Austria]]
  |[[Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria|Prince Karl Theodor]]
  |[[Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria|Elisabeth Ludovika, Queen of Prussia]]
  |[[Amalie Auguste of Bavaria|Amalie Auguste, Queen of Saxony]]
  |[[Princess Sophie of Bavaria|Sophie, Archduchess of Austria]]
  |[[Maria Anna of Bavaria (born 1805)|Maria Anna, Queen of Saxony]]
  |[[Princess Ludovika of Bavaria|Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria]]
  |[[Princess Maximiliana of Bavaria|Princess Maximiliana]]
}}
| house        = [[House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld|Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld]]
| father       = [[Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
| mother       = [[Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach]]
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1756|5|28|df=y}}
| birth_place  = [[Schwetzingen]], [[Heidelberg|Heidelberg-Kreis]], [[Electoral Palatinate]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1825|10|13|1756|5|27|df=y}}
| death_place  = [[Munich]], [[Kingdom of Bavaria]], [[German Confederation]]
| burial_place = [[Theatinerkirche (München)|Theatinerkirche]], Munich
| religion     = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| signature    = Signature of Maximilian I Joseph, King of Bavaria.svg
}}
'''Maximilian I Joseph''' ({{langx|de|Maximilian I. Josef}}; 27 May 1756 – 13 October 1825) was [[Palatine Zweibrücken|Duke of Zweibrücken]] from 1795 to 1799, [[prince-elector]] of [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]] (as '''Maximilian IV Joseph''') from 1799 to 1806, then [[King of Bavaria]] (as Maximilian I Joseph) from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the [[House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld]]-Zweibrücken, a branch of the [[House of Wittelsbach]].

==Early life==
Maximilian, the son of the [[Count Palatine]] [[Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld]] and [[Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach|Maria Francisca of Sulzbach]], was born on 27 May 1756 at [[Schwetzingen]], between [[Heidelberg]] and [[Mannheim]].{{citation needed|date=October 2016}}

After the death of his father of testicular cancer in 1767, he was left at first without parental supervision, since his mother had been banished from her husband's court after giving birth to a son fathered by an actor. Maximilian was carefully educated under the supervision of his uncle, Duke [[Christian IV, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken|Christian IV]] of [[Zweibrücken]],{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} who settled him in the [[Hôtel des Deux-Ponts]]. He became Count of [[Ribeauvillé|Rappoltstein]] in 1776{{citation needed|date=August 2016|reason=the two facts since the last citation are not in EB1911}} and took service in 1777 as a [[colonel]] in the [[French Royal Army]]. He rose rapidly to the rank of [[major-general]].{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} From 1782 to 1789, he was stationed at [[Strasbourg]].{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} During his time at the [[University of Strasbourg]], [[Klemens von Metternich]], the future [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] chancellor, was for some time accommodated by Prince Maximilian.<ref name="palmer10">{{harvnb|Palmer|1972|pp=10}}</ref> By the outbreak of the [[French Revolution]], Maximilian exchanged the French for the Austrian service and took part in the opening campaigns of the [[French Revolutionary Wars]].{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}}

==Duke of Zweibrücken and Elector of Bavaria and the Palatinate==
[[Image:Portrait of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria.jpg|thumb|left|Maximilian Joseph]]
On 1 April 1795, Maximilian succeeded his brother [[Charles II August, Duke of Zweibrücken|Charles II]] as Duke of Zweibrücken, however his duchy was entirely occupied by revolutionary France at the time.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}}

On 16 February 1799, he became [[prince-elector|Elector]] of Bavaria{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} and [[Electorate of the Palatinate|Count Palatine of the Rhine]], [[Prince-elector#High offices|Arch-Steward]] of the Empire, and [[Duchy of Berg|Duke of Berg]] upon the extinction of the [[Palatinate-Sulzbach]] line at the death of Elector [[Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria|Charles Theodore]] of Bavaria.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} The new elector, as Maximilian IV Joseph, found the [[Bavarian army]] in abject condition on his accession to the throne: Hardly any of the units were at full strength, the Rumford uniforms were unpopular and impractical, and the troops were badly-trained. The young Prince-Elector, who had served under the [[Ancien Régime]] in France as a colonel in the [[Royal Deux-Ponts Regiment]], made the reconstruction of the army a priority.

Maximilian's sympathy with France and the ideas of [[The Age of Enlightenment|enlightenment]] at once manifested itself when he acceded to the throne of Bavaria. In the newly organized ministry, [[Maximilian von Montgelas|Count Max Josef von Montgelas]], who, after falling into disfavour with Charles Theodore, had acted for a time as Maximilian Joseph's private secretary, was the most potent influence, wholly "enlightened" and French.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} Agriculture and commerce were fostered, the laws were ameliorated, a new criminal code drawn up, taxes and imposts equalized without regard to traditional privileges, while a number of religious houses were suppressed and their revenues used for educational and other useful purposes.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} He closed the [[University of Ingolstadt]] in May 1800 and moved it to [[Landshut]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

In foreign affairs, Maximilian Joseph's attitude was, from the German point of view, less commendable. He never had any sympathy with the growing sentiment of German nationality, and his attitude was dictated by wholly dynastic, or at least Bavarian, considerations. Until 1813, he was the most faithful of [[Napoleon]]'s German allies, the relationship cemented by the marriage of his eldest daughter to [[Eugène de Beauharnais]]. His reward came with the [[Treaty of Pressburg (1805)|Treaty of Pressburg]] (26 December 1805), by the terms of which he was to receive the royal title and important territorial acquisitions in [[Swabia]] and [[Franconia]] to round off his kingdom. He assumed the title of king on 1 January 1806.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291<!--for the whole paragraph-->}} On 15 March, he ceded the Duchy of Berg to Napoleon's brother-in-law [[Joachim Murat]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} After the [[War of the Fifth Coalition]] in 1809 he received [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]] and [[Innviertel]] regions from the defeated Austria.

==King of Bavaria==
[[File:Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Bavaria 1807-1835.svg|thumb|left|Coat of Arms of the King of Bavaria (1807-1835)]]
The new King of [[Bavaria]] was the most important of the princes belonging to the [[Confederation of the Rhine]], and remained Napoleon's ally until the eve of the [[Battle of Leipzig]], when by the [[Treaty of Ried]] (8 October 1813) he made the guarantee of the integrity of his kingdom the price of his joining the Allies.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} On 14 October, Bavaria made a formal declaration of war against [[First French Empire|Napoleonic France]]. The treaty was passionately backed by Crown Prince [[Ludwig I of Bavaria|Ludwig]] and by [[Karl Philipp von Wrede|Marshal von Wrede]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016|reason=neither of the two sentences are supported by EB1911}}

By the first [[Treaty of Paris (1814)|Treaty of Paris]] (3 June 1814), however, he returned Tyrol to [[Austrian Empire|Austria]] in exchange for the former [[Grand Duchy of Würzburg]]. At the [[Congress of Vienna]], which he attended in person, Maximilian had to make further concessions to Austria,in  ceding [[Salzburg]] and the regions of Innviertel and [[Hausruckviertel]]{{citation needed|date=August 2016|reason=EB1911 states "quarters of the Inn and Hausruck" which may be the same as regions of Innviertel and Hausruckviertel, but a cited reliable source is needed to confirm it}} in return for the western part of the old [[Palatinate (region)|Palatinate]]. The king fought hard to maintain the contiguity of the Bavarian territories as guaranteed at Ried but the most he could obtain was an assurance from [[Metternich]] in the matter of the [[Grand Duchy of Baden|Baden]] succession, in which he was also doomed to be disappointed.<ref>{{harvnb|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} cites Baden ''History, iii, 506.''</ref>

[[File:MaxJosephDenkmal Muenchen-01.jpg|thumb|right|Monument to Max I Joseph, outside of the National Theatre, Munich (1835)]]
At Vienna and afterwards Maximilian sturdily opposed any reconstitution of Germany which should endanger the independence of Bavaria, and it was his insistence on the principle of full sovereignty being left to the German reigning princes that largely contributed to the loose and weak organization of the new [[German Confederation]]. The [[s:Final Act of the Congress of Vienna/Act IX|Federative Constitution of Germany (8 June 1815)]] of the [[Congress of Vienna]] was proclaimed in Bavaria, not as a law but as an international treaty. It was partly to secure popular support in his resistance to any interference of the [[Federal Convention (German Confederation)|Federal diet]] in the internal affairs of Bavaria, partly to give unity to his somewhat heterogeneous territories, that Maximilian on 26 May 1818 granted a liberal constitution to his people. Montgelas, who had opposed this concession, had fallen in the previous year, and Maximilian had also reversed his ecclesiastical policy, signing on 24 October 1817 a [[Concordat of 24 October 1817|concordat with Rome]] by which the powers of the clergy, largely curtailed under Montgelas's administration, were restored.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}}

The new [[Landtag of Bavaria|parliament]] proved to be more independent than he had anticipated and in 1819 Maximilian resorted to appealing to the powers against his own creation; but his Bavarian "[[Political particularism|particularism]]" and his genuine popular sympathies prevented him from allowing the [[Carlsbad Decrees]] to be strictly enforced within his dominions. The suspects arrested by order of the [[Mainz Commission]] he was accustomed to examine himself, with the result that in many cases the whole proceedings were quashed, and in not a few the accused dismissed with a present of money.{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}}

Maximilian died at [[Nymphenburg Palace]], in [[Munich]],{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} on 13 October 1825 and was succeeded by his son [[Ludwig I of Bavaria|Ludwig I]].{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} Maximilian is buried in the crypt of the [[Theatine Church, Munich|Theatine Church]] in Munich.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Theatinerkirche München|url=http://www.theatinerkirche.de/index.php?cID=35|access-date=2021-08-22|website=www.theatinerkirche.de|archive-date=22 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210822123250/http://www.theatinerkirche.de/index.php?cID=35|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Cultural legacy==
Under the reign of Maximilian Joseph the Bavarian Secularization (1802–1803) led to the nationalisation of cultural assets of the Church. The Protestants were emancipated. In 1808 he founded the [[Academy of Fine Arts Munich]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

The city of Munich was extended by the first systematic expansion with the new [[Brienner Straße (Munich)|Brienner Strasse]] as core. In 1810 Max Joseph ordered construction of the [[National Theatre Munich]] in French neo-classic style. The monument ''Max-Joseph Denkmal'' before the National Theatre was created in the middle of the square [[Max-Joseph-Platz]] as a memorial for King Maximilian Joseph by [[Christian Daniel Rauch]] and carried out by Johann Baptist Stiglmaier. It was only revealed in 1835 since the king had rejected to be eternalized in sitting position.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

In 1801 he led the rescue operation when a glassmaker's workshop collapsed, saving the life of [[Joseph von Fraunhofer]], a 14-year-old orphan apprentice. Max Joseph donated books and directed the glassmaker to give Fraunhofer time to study. Fraunhofer went on to become one of the most famous optical scientists and artisans in history, inventing the spectroscope and spectroscopy, making Bavaria noted for fine optics, and joining the nobility before his death at age 39.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

He was elected a Royal [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] in 1802.{{Sfn|''Royal Society''|1802}}

==Marriages and issue==
As a monarch, Max Joseph was very close to the citizens, walked freely along the streets of Munich without great accompaniment, and conversed with his people in a casual manner. Regardless, he was somewhat eccentric, like some of his descendants and successors. Maximilian married twice and had children by both marriages:{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}}
[[Image:Joseph Karl Stieler - Portrait of the youngest daughters of Maximilian I of Bavaria (Sophie, Marie, and Ludovika).jpg|thumb|right|200px|The king's youngest daughters ([[Maria Anna of Bavaria (1805-1877)|Marie Anne]], [[Princess Sophie of Bavaria|Sophie]] and [[Princess Ludovika of Bavaria|Ludovika]]) by [[Joseph Karl Stieler|Stieler]]]]
His first wife was [[Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt]],{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} daughter of [[Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt]] (14 April 1765 – 30 March 1796). They were married on 30 September 1785 in [[Darmstadt]]. They had five children:
* [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]] (25 August 1786 – 29 February 1868), married [[Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen]].
* [[Princess Augusta of Bavaria|Princess Augusta Amalia Ludovika]], (21 June 1788 – 13 May 1851), married [[Eugène de Beauharnais]], [[Duke of Leuchtenberg]].
* Princess Amalie Marie Auguste (9 October 1790 – 24 January 1794), died in childhood.
* [[Caroline Augusta of Bavaria|Princess Caroline Augusta]] (8 February 1792 – 9 February 1873), married [[William I of Württemberg]], and then [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis II of Austria]].
* [[Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria|Prince Karl Theodor Maximilian]] (7 July 1795 – 16 August 1875), married [[Morganatic marriage|morganatically]] to Marie-Anne-Sophie Petin.

Maximilian's second wife {{Citation needed|reason=Catholic monarchs need Vatican approval for 2nd marriages|date=November 2024}} was [[Karoline Friederike Wilhelmine of Baden|Karoline of Baden]],{{Sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=291}} daughter of [[Margrave Charles Louis of Baden|Margrave Karl Ludwig of Baden]] (13 July 1776 – 13 November 1841). They were married on 9 March 1797 in [[Karlsruhe]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} They had eight children,{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} including two sets of twin girls, Elisabeth and Amalie born in 1801, and Sophie and Marie Anne born in 1805.
* Stillborn son (5 September 1799)
* Prince Maximilian Joseph Karl Friedrich (28 October 1800 – 12 February 1803), died in infancy.
* [[Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria|Princess Elisabeth Ludovika]] ("Elise") (13 November 1801 – 14 December 1873) twin sister of Amalie Auguste. Married [[Frederick William IV of Prussia]].
* [[Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria|Princess Amalie Auguste]] (13 November 1801 – 8 November 1877) twin sister of Elisabeth Ludovika. Married [[John I of Saxony]].
* [[Maria Anna of Bavaria (1805-1877)|Princess Marie Anne Leopoldine]] (27 January 1805 – 13 September 1877) twin sister of Sophie. Married [[Frederick Augustus II of Saxony]].
* [[Princess Sophie of Bavaria|Princess Sophie Friederike Dorothee]] (27 January 1805 – 28 May 1872) twin sister of Marie Anna. Married [[Archduke Franz Karl of Austria]], mother of [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] and [[Maximilian I of Mexico]].
* [[Marie Ludovika Wilhelmine Princess of Bavaria|Princess Ludovika Wilhelmine]] (30 August 1808 – 25 January 1892), married [[Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria]], mother of [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]].
* [[Princess Maximiliana of Bavaria|Princess Maximiliana Josepha Karoline]] (21 July 1810 – 4 February 1821), died in childhood.

==Ancestry==
{{Ahnentafel|collapsed=yes|align=center|ref=<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AINPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA94|title=Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans|publisher=Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel|year=1768|location=Bourdeaux|page=94|language=fr|trans-title=Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living}}</ref>
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria'''
|2= 2. [[Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
|3= 3. [[Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach]]
|4= 4. [[Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
|5= 5. [[Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken]]
|6= 6. [[Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Sulzbach]]
|7= 7. [[Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste Sofie of Neuburg]]
|8= 8. [[Christian II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld]]
|9= 9. Countess Katharina Agathe of Rappoltstein
|10= 10. [[Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken]]
|11= 11. Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
|12= 12. [[Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach]]
|13= 13. [[Princess Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg]]
|14= 14. [[Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine]]
|15= 15. [[Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł]]
}}

==Family tree==
{{Chart top|King Maximilian I Joseph's relation to Elector [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian I of Bavaria]]}}
{{tree chart/start|align=center}}
{{tree chart|||F1DL|-|v|-|CoD||F1DL=[[Francis I, Duke of Lorraine]] 1517–1545|CoD=[[Christina of Denmark]] 1521–1590}}
{{tree chart||,|-|-|-|-|^|-|.|}}
{{tree chart|C3DL|||||RoL|v|W5B|C3DL=[[Charles III, Duke of Lorraine]] 1543–1608|RoL=[[Renata of Lorraine]] 1544–1602|W5B=[[William V of Bavaria]] 1548–1626}}
{{tree chart||!|||||||||!}}
{{tree chart||!||||,|-|-|-|v|^|-|-|.}}
{{tree chart||!||||!|||MAoB||MgoB|MAoB=[[Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574–1616)|Maria Anna of Bavaria]]|MgoB=[[Magdalene of Bavaria]] 1587–1628}}
{{tree chart||!||||!||||!|||!}}
{{tree chart|EoL|-|M1EoB|-|MAoA||!|EoL=[[Elizabeth of Lorraine]] 1574–1635 (1)|M1EoB=[[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]] 1573–1651|MAoA=[[Maria Anna of Austria (1610-1665)|Maria Anna of Austria]] 1610–1655 (2)}}
{{tree chart||||||,|-|-|-|-|-|-|'}}
{{tree chart|||||PWEP|PWEP=[[Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine]] 1615–1690}}
{{tree chart||||||!}}
{{tree chart|||||K3EP|K3EP=[[Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine]] 1661–1742}}
{{tree chart||||||!}}
{{tree chart|||||EAS|EAS=[[Elizabeth Augusta Sophie, Pfalzgräfin von Neuburg]] 1693–1728}}
{{tree chart||||||!}}
{{tree chart|||||MFS|MFS=[[Maria Francisca Sulzbach]] 1724–1794}}
{{tree chart||||||!}}
{{tree chart|||||M1JoB|M1JoB=''Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria'' 1756–1825}}
{{tree chart/end}}
{{Chart bottom}}

==See also==
{{Commons|Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria}}
* [[List of rulers of Bavaria]]
* [[History of Bavaria]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{Cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|title=Metternich: Councillor of Europe|publisher=Orion|year=1972|isbn=978-1-85799-868-9|edition=1997 reprint|location=London|author-link=Alan Palmer}}
* {{Cite web|title=Library Catalog|url=http://royalsociety.org/dserve/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27maximilian%27%29|access-date=14 August 2012|publisher=Royal Society|ref={{harvid|Royal Society|1802}}}}
* {{EB1911|wstitle=Maximilian I., king of Bavaria|volume=17|page=921}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld]]|27 May|1756|13 October|1825|[[House of Wittelsbach]]}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Charles II August, Duke of Zweibrücken|Charles II August]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Palatine Zweibrücken|Duke of Zweibrücken]]
| years = 1795–1825
}}
{{s-non
| rows = 2
| reason = Abolished
}}
{{s-bef|
| rows = 2
| before = [[Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria|Charles Theodore]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Elector of Bavaria]]{{Break}}[[Elector Palatine]]
| years = 1799–1806
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Berg (German region)|Duke of Berg]]
| years = 1799–1806
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Joachim Murat]]
}}
{{s-new|creation
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[King of Bavaria]]
| years = 1806–1825
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Ludwig I, King of Bavaria|Ludwig I]]
}}
{{s-bef|
| before = [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Duchy of Salzburg|Duke of Salzburg]]
| years = 1810–1816
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich}}
{{Electors of Bavaria}}
{{Electors Palatine}}
{{Kings of Bavaria}}
{{Monarchs of Berg}}
{{Napoleonic Wars}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maximilian 01 Joseph Of Bavaria}}
[[Category:1756 births]]
[[Category:1825 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century prince-electors of Bavaria]]
[[Category:19th-century kings of Bavaria]]
[[Category:18th-century Prince-electors of the Palatinate]]
[[Category:19th-century Prince-electors of the Palatinate]]
[[Category:People from Schwetzingen]]
[[Category:House of Wittelsbach]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria]]
[[Category:Kings of Bavaria]]
[[Category:Counts Palatine of Neuburg]]
[[Category:Counts Palatine of Sulzbach]]
[[Category:Counts Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
[[Category:Dukes of Jülich]]
[[Category:Academy of Fine Arts, Munich]]
[[Category:Burials at the Theatine Church, Munich]]
[[Category:German Roman Catholics]]