View source for New Haven, Connecticut

{{Redirect|New Haven}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = New Haven
| official_name            = 
| settlement_type          = [[List of municipalities in Connecticut|City]]
| nickname                 = The Elm City
| image_skyline            = {{multiple image
 |border                   = infobox
 |total_width              = 280
 |image_style              = border:1;
 |perrow                   = 1/2/3/1
 |image1                   = New Haven 2020.png
 |caption1                 = [[Downtown New Haven|Downtown]]
 |image2                   = East Rock from SSS Hall, October 17, 2008.jpg
 |caption2                 = [[East Rock Park]]
 |image3                   = New Haven Green with Center Church.jpg
 |caption3                 = [[New Haven Green]]
 |image4                   = Upper State4.jpg
 |caption4                 = [[Upper State Street Historic District|Upper State Street]]
 |image5                   = Five Mile Point Lighthouse (CT).jpg
 |caption5                 = [[Five Mile Point Light]]
 |image6                   = Harkness Tower, high contrast.jpg
 |caption6                 = [[Harkness Tower]]
 |image7                   = Connecticut Hall, Yale University.jpg
 |caption7                 = [[Connecticut Hall]] at [[Yale University]]
 }}
| image_seal               = New Haven Seal.png
| image_flag               = NewHavenCTflag.png
| seal_size                = 90px
| imagesize                = 290px
| flag_size                = 120px
| image_blank_emblem       = New Haven Wordmark.png
| blank_emblem_size        = 80px
| blank_emblem_type        = [[Wordmark]]
| image_map                = {{switcher|[[File:New Haven County Connecticut Incorporated and Unincorporated areas New Haven Highlighted.svg|250px|frameless|alt=New Haven's location within New Haven County and Connecticut]]|&nbsp;[[New Haven County, Connecticut|New Haven County]] and Connecticut|[[File:South Central Connecticut incorporated and unincorporated areas New Haven highlighted.svg|250px|frameless|alt=New Haven's location within the South Central Connecticut Planning Region and the state of Connecticut]]|&nbsp;[[South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut|South Central Connecticut Planning Region]] and Connecticut|default=1}}
| image_map1               = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=270|frame-height=200|frame-coord=SWITCH:{{coord|qid=Q49145}}###{{coord|qid=Q779}}###{{coord|41|18|30|N|72|55|30|W}}|zoom=SWITCH:10;6;3|type=SWITCH:shape-inverse;point;point|marker=city|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|id2=SWITCH:Q49145;Q779;Q30|type2=shape|fill2=#ffffff|fill-opacity2=SWITCH:0;0.1;0.1|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080|stroke-opacity2=SWITCH:0;1;1|switch=New Haven;Connecticut;the United States}}
| established_title        = Settled (town)
| established_date         = April 3, 1638
| established_title2       = Incorporated (city)
| established_date2        = 1784
| established_title3       = Consolidated
| established_date3        = 1895
| named_for                = Natural harbor
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = U.S. state
| subdivision_name1        = [[Connecticut]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[County (United States)|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[New Haven County, Connecticut|New Haven]]
| subdivision_type3        = [[Councils of governments in Connecticut|Region]]
| subdivision_name3        = [[South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut|South Central Connecticut]]
|| government_type          = [[Mayor-council|Mayor–board of aldermen]]
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = [[Justin Elicker]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_total_km2           = 52.15
| area_land_km2            = 48.41
| area_water_km2           = 3.74
| area_total_sq_mi         = 20.13
| area_land_sq_mi          = 18.69
| area_water_sq_mi         = 1.44
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web |title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_09.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 2, 2020 |archive-date=March 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321092545/https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_09.txt |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 135081
| population_urban         = 561456 ([[List of United States urban areas|US: 77th]])
| population_density_urban_km2 = 727.4
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 1,884.0
| population_metro         = 576718 ([[Metropolitan statistical area|US: 100th]])
| population_density_km2   = 2768.5
| population_note          = 
| population_demonym       = New Havener
| timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset               = −5
| timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset_DST           = −4
| elevation_m              = 18
| elevation_ft             = 59
| coordinates              = {{Wikidatacoord|Q49145|region:US-CT_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| area_code                = [[Area codes 203 and 475|203/475]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 09-52000
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 0209231
| blank2_name              = Airport
| blank2_info              = [[Tweed New Haven Airport]]
| blank3_name              = Major highways
| blank3_info              = [[File:I-95.svg|25px|link=Interstate 95 in Connecticut]] [[File:I-91.svg|25px|link=Interstate 91]] [[File:Connecticut Highway 15.svg|25px|link=Connecticut Route 15]]
| blank4_name              = Commuter rail
| blank4_info              = [[File:Amtrak logo 2.svg|25px|link=Amtrak]] [[File:Hartford Line Transparent.png|25px|link=CT Rail]] [[File:MTA NYC logo.svg|25px|link=New Haven Line]]
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code              = 06501–06540
| pop_est_as_of            = 2024
| pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="NHQuickFacts">{{Cite web |date=July 2024 |title=QuickFacts - New Haven city, Connecticut; United States |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/newhavencityconnecticut,US/PST045224 |website=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts}}</ref>
| population_est           = 137,562
| website                  = {{URL|www.newhavenct.gov}}
}}

'''New Haven''' is a city in the U.S. state of [[Connecticut]]. It is located on [[New Haven Harbor]] on the northern shore of [[Long Island Sound]]. With a population of 135,319 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]],<ref name="Census 2020">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/newhavencityconnecticut/POP010220#POP010220 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211003129/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/newhavencityconnecticut/POP010220#POP010220 |archive-date=February 11, 2022 |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: New Haven city, Connecticut }}</ref> it is the [[List of municipalities in Connecticut|third-most populous city]] in Connecticut and the largest in the [[South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut|South Central Connecticut Planning Region]], while the [[Greater New Haven]] metropolitan area has an estimated 577,000 residents.<ref name=PopEstCBSA>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html#v2024 |title=Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals: 2020-2024 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division |date=March 13, 2025 |access-date=March 13, 2025 }}</ref>

New Haven was one of the first [[Planned community|planned cities]] in the U.S.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/11/planned-cities-from-space/ |title=Strange, Beautiful, and Unexpected: Planned Cities Seen From Space |last=Mason |first=Betsy |magazine=WIRED |access-date=January 21, 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=January 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121184435/https://www.wired.com/2012/11/planned-cities-from-space/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Architecture and Town Planning in Coastal Connecticut |last=Garvan |first=Anthony |publisher=Yale University Press |year=1951 |location=New Haven, CT |page=41 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Boyle |first1=Molly |title=The Failure of America's First City Plan: Why New Haven, the Colonies'First Planned City, Would Have Been Better Left Unplanned |journal=Urban Lawyer |date=2014 |volume=46 |page=507 |ssrn=2557690 }}</ref> A year after its founding by English [[Puritan]]s in 1638, eight streets were laid out in a four-by-four [[Grid plan|grid]], creating the "Nine Square Plan".<ref name="nhtowngreen">{{cite web |url=http://www.towngreens.com/exhibits/index.cgi/2/index.html |title=New Haven: The Elm City |publisher=Town Greens |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720033127/http://www.towngreens.com/exhibits/index.cgi/2/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The central common block is [[New Haven Green|the New Haven Green]], a {{convert|16|acre|ha|0|adj=on}} square at the center of [[Downtown New Haven]]. The Green is now a [[National Historic Landmark]], and the "Nine Square Plan" is recognized by the [[American Planning Association]] as a National Planning Landmark.<ref name="National Planning Landmark Award">{{cite web |url=http://www.planning.org/awards/landmarks.htm#Connecticut |title=National Planning Landmark Award |publisher=American Planning Association |access-date=March 4, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305201206/https://www.planning.org/awards/landmarks.htm#Connecticut |archive-date=March 5, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newhavenct.gov/news/displaynews.htm?NewsID=237&TargetID=1 |title=News Details |publisher=New Haven, CT |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=May 16, 2019 |archive-date=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810174813/https://www.newhavenct.gov/news/displaynews.htm?NewsID=237&TargetID=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>

New Haven is the home of [[Yale University]], New Haven's biggest taxpayer and employer,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yale.edu/onhsa/about_YaleNH.htm |title=Office of New Haven and State Affairs > About Yale and New Haven |publisher=Yale University |date=April 15, 2003 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907184503/http://www.yale.edu/onhsa/about_YaleNH.htm |archive-date=September 7, 2011 }}</ref> and an integral part of the city's economy. Health care, professional and financial services and retail trade also contribute to the city's economic activity.

The city served as co-capital of Connecticut from 1701 until 1873, when sole governance was transferred to the more centrally located city of [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. New Haven has since billed itself as the "Cultural Capital of Connecticut" for its supply of established theaters, museums, and music venues.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/06/travel/escapes/06trip.html |title=In New Haven, Art Almost Everywhere You Look |date=April 6, 2007 |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 12, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |first=Maura J. |last=Casey |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080433/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/06/travel/escapes/06trip.html |url-status=live }}</ref> New Haven had the first public tree planting program in the U.S., producing a canopy of mature trees (including some large [[elm]]s) that gave the city the nickname "The Elm City".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2009/05/elm_city_to_ree.php |title=They're Putting The "Elm" Back In "Elm City" |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=July 10, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710234844/http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2009/05/elm_city_to_ree.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

== History ==

=== Pre-colonial foundation as an independent colony ===
Before Europeans arrived, the New Haven area was the home of the [[Quinnipiac]] tribe of Native Americans, who lived in villages around the harbor and sustained an economy of local fisheries and the farming of maize. The area was briefly visited by Dutch explorer [[Adriaen Block]] in 1614. Dutch traders set up a small trading system of [[beaver]] pelts with the local inhabitants, but trade was sporadic and the Dutch did not settle permanently in the area.
[[File:Atwater1881 p10 Map New Haven in 1641.jpg|thumb|left|The 1638 nine-square plan, with the extant [[New Haven Green]] at its center, continues to define New Haven's downtown.]]

In 1637, a small party of Puritans did a reconnaissance of the New Haven harbor area and wintered over. In April 1638, the main party of five hundred Puritans, who had left the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] under the leadership of Reverend [[John Davenport (Puritan)|John Davenport]] and London merchant [[Theophilus Eaton]], sailed into the harbor. It was their hope to set up a theological community with the government more closely linked to the church than that in Massachusetts, and to exploit the area's potential as a port. The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring [[Pequot people|Pequots]], sold their land to the settlers in return for a pledge of protection.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Haven's History {{!}} New Haven, CT |url=https://www.newhavenct.gov/government/about-new-haven/new-haven-s-history |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=www.newhavenct.gov |language=en |archive-date=July 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703045417/https://www.newhavenct.gov/government/about-new-haven/new-haven-s-history |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Wikisource|Government of New Haven Colony}}
[[File:Theophilus Eaton house in New Haven.png|thumb|right|House of New Haven Founder [[Theophilus Eaton]] as it stood at Orange and Elm streets in the 17th century]]

By 1640, "Quinnipiac's" [[theocracy|theocratic]] government and nine-square grid plan were in place, and the [[New England town|town]] was renamed New Haven, with '[[wiktionary:haven#Etymology|haven]]' meaning harbor or port. However, the area to the north remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]. The settlement became the headquarters of the [[New Haven Colony]], distinct from the [[Connecticut Colony]] previously established to the north centering on [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. Reflecting its theocratic roots, the New Haven Colony forbade the establishment of other churches, whereas the Connecticut Colony permitted them.

Economic disaster struck New Haven in 1646, when the town sent its first fully loaded ship of local goods (the "Great Shippe") back to England. It never reached its destination, and its disappearance hindered New Haven's development as compared to the rising trade powers of [[Boston]] and [[New Amsterdam]] (modern day New York City).

In 1660, Colony founder John Davenport's wishes were fulfilled, and [[Hopkins School]] was founded in New Haven with money from the estate of [[Edward Hopkins]].

In 1661, the [[Regicide of Charles I of England|Regicides]] who had signed the death warrant of [[Charles I of England]] were pursued by [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]. Two of them, Colonel [[Edward Whalley]] and Colonel [[William Goffe]], fled to New Haven for refuge. Davenport arranged for them to hide in the [[West Rock]] hills northwest of the town. A third judge, [[John Dixwell]], later joined the others. None of the three were ever returned to England for trial; Dixwell died of old age in New Haven, the others likewise elsewhere in New England.

=== As part of the Connecticut Colony ===
[[File:New Haven 1786.jpeg|thumb|right|New Haven as it appeared in a 1786 engraving]]
[[File:Second meeting house, new haven, ct.png|thumb|right|upright|Second meeting house on the New Haven Green, as it stood from 1670 to 1757]]

In 1664, New Haven became part of the Connecticut Colony when the two colonies were merged under political pressure from England. Seeking to establish a new theocracy elsewhere, some members of the New Haven Colony went on to establish [[Newark, New Jersey]].

New Haven was made co-capital of Connecticut in 1701, a status it retained until 1873.

In 1716, the Collegiate School relocated from [[Old Saybrook, Connecticut|Old Saybrook]] to New Haven, establishing it as a center of learning. In 1718, in response to a large donation from [[East India Company]] merchant [[Elihu Yale]], former Governor of [[Madras]], the Collegiate School was renamed [[Yale University|Yale College]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schiff |first1=Judith |title=A Brief History of Yale |url=https://guides.library.yale.edu/yalehistory#:~:text=In%201718%2C%20when%20wealthy%20London,college%20was%20named%20Yale%20College. |website=Yale University Library |publisher=Yale University |access-date=August 8, 2021 |archive-date=August 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210808074347/https://guides.library.yale.edu/yalehistory#:~:text=In%201718%2C%20when%20wealthy%20London,college%20was%20named%20Yale%20College. |url-status=live }}</ref>

For over a century, New Haven citizens had fought in the colonial militia alongside regular British forces, including the [[French and Indian War]]. As the [[American Revolution]] approached, General [[David Wooster]] and other influential residents hoped that the conflict with the [[Parliament of Great Britain|British parliament]] could be resolved short of rebellion. On April 23, 1775, Captain [[Benedict Arnold]] commanded the Second Company, [[Governor's Foot Guard]], of New Haven to break into the powder house to arm themselves for a three-day march to [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], an event still celebrated in New Haven as [[Powder House Day]]. Other New Haven militia members were on hand to escort [[George Washington]] from his overnight stay in New Haven on his way to Cambridge. Contemporary reports, from both sides, remark on the New Haven volunteers' professional military bearing, including uniforms.

On July 5, 1779, 2,600 loyalists and British regulars under General [[William Tryon]], governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and [[Tryon's raid|raided]] the town of 3,500. A militia of Yale students had been preparing for battle, and former Yale president and [[Yale Divinity School]] professor [[Naphtali Daggett]] rode out to confront the Redcoats. Yale president Ezra Stiles recounted in his diary that while he moved furniture in anticipation of battle, he still couldn't quite believe the revolution had begun.<ref>Freeman, Joanne B., "The American Revolution," lecture 15, Open Yale course</ref> New Haven was not torched as the invaders did with [[Danbury, Connecticut|Danbury]] in 1777, or [[Fairfield, Connecticut|Fairfield]] and [[Norwalk, Connecticut|Norwalk]] a week after the New Haven raid, preserving many of the town's colonial features.

=== Post-colonial period and industrialization ===

New Haven was incorporated as a city in 1784, and [[Roger Sherman]], one of the signers of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] and author of the "[[Connecticut Compromise]]", became the new city's first mayor.

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| '''Towns created from the original New Haven Colony<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web |url=http://www.sots.ct.gov/RegisterManual/SectionVII/townorder.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080314164126/http://www.sots.ct.gov/RegisterManual/SectionVII/townorder.htm |url-status=dead |title=Connecticut Register and Manual |archive-date=March 14, 2008 }}</ref>'''
|-
! ''New town''
! ''Split from''
! ''Incorporated''
|-
| [[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]]
| New Haven
| 1670
|-
| [[Cheshire, Connecticut|Cheshire]]
| Wallingford
| 1780
|-
| [[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]]
| Wallingford
| 1806
|-
| [[Branford, Connecticut|Branford]]
| New Haven
| 1685
|-
| [[North Branford, Connecticut|North Branford]]
| Branford
| 1831
|-
| [[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]
| New Haven and [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]]
| 1784
|-
| [[Bethany, Connecticut|Bethany]]
| Woodbridge
| 1832
|-
| [[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]]
| New Haven
| 1785
|-
| [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]
| New Haven
| 1786
|-
| [[North Haven, Connecticut|North Haven]]
| New Haven
| 1786
|-
| [[Orange, Connecticut|Orange]]
| New Haven and [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]]
| 1822
|-
| [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]
| Orange
| 1921
|}[[File:Harbor and long Wharf, from Depot Tower, New Haven, by Whitney, Beckwith & Paradice.png|thumb|left|New Haven's harbor and long wharf as seen from Depot Tower, {{circa|1849}}]]
The city struck fortune in the late 18th century with the inventions and industrial activity of [[Eli Whitney]], a Yale graduate who remained in New Haven to develop the [[milling machine|cotton gin]] and establish a gun-manufacturing factory in the northern part of the city near the [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]] town line. That area is still known as [[Whitneyville, Connecticut|Whitneyville]], and the main road through both towns is known as Whitney Avenue. The factory is now the [[Eli Whitney Museum]], which has a particular emphasis on activities for children and exhibits pertaining to the [[A. C. Gilbert Company]]. His factory, along with that of [[Simeon North]], and the lively clock-making and brass hardware sectors, contributed to making early Connecticut a powerful manufacturing economy; so many arms manufacturers sprang up that the state became known as "The Arsenal of America". It was in Whitney's gun-manufacturing plant that [[Samuel Colt]] invented the [[revolver|automatic revolver]] in 1836. Many other talented machinists and firearms designers would go on to found successful firearms manufacturing companies in New Haven, including [[Oliver Winchester]] and [[O.F. Mossberg & Sons]].

The [[Farmington Canal]], created in the early 19th century, was a short-lived transporter of goods into the interior regions of Connecticut and Massachusetts, and ran from New Haven to [[Northampton, Massachusetts]].

New Haven was to be the site of the first college for African Americans in the United States, but the plan was obstructed by efforts led by Yale [[Law School]] founder and former New Haven Mayor [[David Daggett]], who went on to serve as a U.S. Senator and judge on Connecticut's highest court. Daggett denigrated African Americans, denied they were citizens, and presided over the trial of a woman persecuted for trying to admit an African American girl to her boarding school and, having that effort blocked, running a boarding school for African American girls.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaleslavery.org/WhoYaleHonors/daggett.html |title=David Daggett |publisher=Yaleslavery.org |date= |access-date=February 11, 2022 |archive-date=March 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320072324/http://yaleslavery.org/WhoYaleHonors/daggett.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

New Haven was home to one of the important early events in the burgeoning [[Antislavery Movement In America|anti-slavery movement]] when, in 1839, the trial of mutineering [[Mende people|Mende tribesmen]] being transported as slaves on the Spanish [[slaveship]] ''[[La Amistad|Amistad]]'' was held in [[United States District Court for the District of Connecticut|New Haven's United States District Court]].<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3080/ |title=Unidentified Young Man |website=[[World Digital Library]] |date=1839–1840 |access-date=July 28, 2013 |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927124613/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3080/ |url-status=live }}</ref> There is a [[Amistad memorial (New Haven)|statue]] of [[Joseph Cinqué]], the informal leader of the slaves, beside City Hall. See "Museums" below for more information. [[Abraham Lincoln]] delivered a speech on slavery in New Haven in 1860,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/ |title=The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln |access-date=March 15, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100312232200/http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/ |archive-date=March 12, 2010 }}</ref> shortly before he secured the [[1860 Republican National Convention|Republican nomination for President]].

The [[American Civil War]] boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company#Predecessors|New Haven Arms Company]], which would later become the [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company]]. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the Winchester plant are now a part of the [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District]]).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/19/AR2006011903278.html?nav=most_emailed |newspaper=The Washington Post |title=Out With A Bang |first=Stephen |last=Hunter |date=January 20, 2006 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=October 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019175451/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/19/AR2006011903278.html?nav=most_emailed |url-status=live }}</ref> After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy. Today, roughly half the populations of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are [[Italian-American]]. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark on the city. Westville was the center of [[American Jews|Jewish]] life in New Haven, though today many have fanned out to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire. [[Lowell House (New Haven, Connecticut)|Lowell House]], the city's first [[settlement movement|settlement]], opened in 1900.<ref name="Stokes-1946">{{cite book |last1=Stokes |first1=Anson Phelps |title=The Early History of Lowell House, First New Haven Social Settlement |date=1946 |publisher=Pub. for Farnum-Neighborhood house, successor of Lowell house |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_gvZAAAAMAAJ&q=lowell+house+new+haven |access-date=April 30, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930113248/https://books.google.com/books?id=_gvZAAAAMAAJ&q=lowell+house+new+haven |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Post-industrial era and urban redevelopment ===

New Haven's expansion continued during the two World Wars, with most new inhabitants being African Americans from the [[Southern United States|American South]], and [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Ricans]]. The city reached its peak population after [[World War II]]. The area of New Haven is only {{convert|17|sqmi|km2|0}}, encouraging further development of new housing after 1950 in adjacent, suburban towns. Moreover, as in other U.S. cities in the [[United States in the 1950s|1950s]], New Haven began to suffer [[white flight]] of middle-class workers. One author suggested that aggressive [[redlining]] and rezoning made it difficult for residents to obtain financing for older, deteriorating urban housing stock, thereby condemning such structures to deterioration.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://politicalscience.yale.edu/publications/city-urbanism-and-its-end-institution-social-and-policy-st |title=City: Urbanism and Its End (The Institution for Social and Policy St) – Department of Political Science |website=politicalscience.yale.edu |access-date=October 2, 2017 |archive-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529102003/http://politicalscience.yale.edu/publications/city-urbanism-and-its-end-institution-social-and-policy-st |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Additional citation needed|date=October 2017|reason=Non-free source cited; additional source needed to support this assertion}}

In 1954, then-mayor [[Richard C. Lee]] began some of the earliest major [[urban renewal]] projects in the United States. Certain sections of [[downtown New Haven]] were redeveloped to include museums, new office towers, a hotel, and large shopping complexes.<ref name="time.com">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,825008,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019193231/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,825008,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 19, 2011 |magazine=Time |title=CITIES: Forward Look in Connecticut |date=June 24, 1957 |access-date=May 20, 2010 }}</ref> Other parts of the city, particularly the Wooster Square and [[Fair Haven (New Haven)|Fair Haven]] neighborhoods were affected by the construction of [[Interstate 95 in Connecticut|Interstate 95]] along the Long Wharf section, [[Interstate 91]], and the [[Oak Street Connector]]. The Oak Street Connector ([[Connecticut Route 34|Route 34]]), running between Interstate 95, downtown, and [[The Hill (New Haven)|The Hill]] neighborhood, was originally intended as a highway to the city's western suburbs but was only completed as a highway to the downtown area, with the area to the west becoming a boulevard (See "Redevelopment" below).

In 1970, a [[New Haven Black Panther trials|series of criminal prosecutions]] against various members of the [[Black Panther Party]] took place in New Haven, inciting mass protests on the New Haven Green involving twelve thousand demonstrators and many well-known [[New Left]] political activists. (See "Political Culture" below for more information). From the 1960s through the early 1990s, some areas of New Haven continued to decline both economically and in terms of population despite attempts to resurrect certain neighborhoods through renewal projects. In conjunction with its declining population, New Haven experienced a steep rise in its [[crime rate]].

Since approximately 2000, many parts of downtown New Haven have been revitalized with new restaurants, nightlife, and small retail stores. In particular, the area surrounding the New Haven Green has experienced an influx of apartments and condominiums. In addition, two new supermarkets opened to serve downtown's growing residential population: a Stop & Shop opened just west of downtown, while Elm City Market, located one block from the Green, opened in 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/29/realestate/commercial-property-connecticut-downtown-new-haven-s-multifaceted-rehabilitation.html?scp=1&sq=connecticut%20financial%20center%20new%20haven&st=cse |work=The New York Times |title=Commercial Property/Connecticut; Downtown New Haven's Multifaceted Rehabilitation |first=Eleanor |last=Charles |date=September 29, 2002 |access-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-date=July 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701025212/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/29/realestate/commercial-property-connecticut-downtown-new-haven-s-multifaceted-rehabilitation.html?scp=1&sq=connecticut%20financial%20center%20new%20haven&st=cse |url-status=live }}</ref> The recent turnaround of downtown New Haven has received positive press from various periodicals.<ref name="Charles">{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E5DD103FF930A35757C0A9639C8B63 |work=The New York Times |first=Eleanor |last=Charles |date=April 3, 2005 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |title=LIVING IN/Downtown New Haven; An Infusion of Energy in Yale's Backyard |archive-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608041915/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E5DD103FF930A35757C0A9639C8B63 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/0dbad50a-0621-11df-8c97-00144feabdc0.html |title=/ House & Home – Downtown on an upturn |publisher=Ft.com |date=January 22, 2010 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=June 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608173734/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/0dbad50a-0621-11df-8c97-00144feabdc0.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/21/realestate/21wczo.html?pagewanted=print |work=The New York Times |title=On Renewing New Haven |first=Lisa |last=Prevost |date=January 21, 2007 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=May 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512184323/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/21/realestate/21wczo.html?pagewanted=print |url-status=live }}</ref>

Major projects include the current construction of a new campus for Gateway Community College downtown, and also a 32-story, 500-unit apartment/retail building called [[360 State Street]]. The 360 State Street project is now occupied and is the largest residential building in Connecticut.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newyork.construction.com/features/archive/2009/06_C_360_State_Street.asp |title=360 State Street &#124; New York Construction &#124; McGraw-Hill Construction |publisher=New York Construction |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=September 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929133445/http://newyork.construction.com/features/archive/2009/06_C_360_State_Street.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> A new boathouse and dock is planned for New Haven Harbor, and the linear park [[Farmington Canal Trail]] is set to extend into downtown New Haven within the coming year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/uploads/Gateway%20Community%20College.jpg |format=JPG |title=Photographic image |website=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329220946/https://www.cityofnewhaven.com/uploads/Gateway%20Community%20College.jpg |archive-date=March 29, 2012 }}</ref> Additionally, foundation and ramp work to widen I-95 to create a new harbor crossing for New Haven, with an extradosed bridge to replace the 1950s-era [[Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge (Connecticut)|Q Bridge]], has begun.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2010/02/23/news/new_haven/a1_--_dot_openhouse_0224.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906105611/http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2010/02/23/news/new_haven/a1_--_dot_openhouse_0224.txt |url-status=dead |title=New Haven Register – Serving Greater New Haven, CT |archive-date=September 6, 2012 |access-date=April 7, 2021 }}</ref> The city still hopes to redevelop the site of the [[New Haven Coliseum]], which was demolished in 2007.

In April 2009, the [[United States Supreme Court]] agreed to [[Ricci v. DeStefano|hear a suit]] over [[reverse discrimination]] brought by 18 white firefighters against the city. The suit involved the 2003 promotion test for the New Haven Fire Department. After the tests were scored, no [[African American|black]] firefighters scored high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that no one would be promoted. In the subsequent ''[[Ricci v. DeStefano]]'' decision the court found 5–4 that New Haven's decision to ignore the test results violated [[Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Standler |first=Ronald |date=May 30, 2009 |url=http://www.rbs0.com/ricci.pdf |title=Full Text of Judicial Opinions in ''Ricci v. DeStefano'' |work=[[personal website]] |access-date=June 6, 2009 |archive-date=October 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101014235716/http://rbs0.com/ricci.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result, a district court subsequently ordered the city to promote 14 of the white firefighters.<ref>"New Haven Firefighter Should Have Intervened In Ricci Suit." ''Connecticut Law Tribune'' (2010).</ref>

In 2010 and 2011, state and federal funds were awarded to Connecticut (and Massachusetts) to construct the [[Hartford Line]], with a southern terminus at New Haven's [[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]] and a northern terminus at [[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield's]] Union Station.<ref name="nhhsrail.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhhsrail.com/ |title=New Haven – Hartford – Springfield Rail Project |publisher=Nhhsrail.com |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=October 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006032221/http://www.nhhsrail.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the [[White House]], "This corridor [currently] has one train per day connecting communities in Connecticut and Massachusetts to the [[Northeast Corridor]] and [[Vermont]]. The vision for this corridor is to restore the alignment to its original route via the [[Knowledge Corridor]] in [[western Massachusetts]], improving trip time and increasing the population base that can be served."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/fact-sheet-high-speed-intercity-passenger-rail-program-northeast |title=Fact Sheet: High Speed Intercity Passenger Rail Program: Northeast Region &#124; The White House |date=January 28, 2010 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121104613/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/fact-sheet-high-speed-intercity-passenger-rail-program-northeast |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=January 21, 2017 }}</ref> Set for construction in 2013, the "Knowledge Corridor high speed intercity passenger rail" project will cost approximately $1&nbsp;billion, and the ultimate northern terminus for the project is reported to be [[Montreal]] in Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canadianbusiness.com/markets/market_news/article.jsp?content=D9M1KRP00 |title=News & Markets |publisher=CanadianBusiness.com |access-date=September 28, 2011}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic }}</ref> Train speeds between will reportedly exceed {{convert|110|mph}} and increase both cities' rail traffic exponentially.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.progressivefix.com/tag/110-mph |title=110 Mph &#124; Progressive Policy Institute |publisher=Progressivefix.com |access-date=September 28, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320211401/http://www.progressivefix.com/tag/110-mph |archive-date=March 20, 2012 }}</ref>

=== Timeline of notable firsts ===
{{see also|Yale – New Haven Hospital#Milestones in medicine}}
*1638: New Haven becomes the first planned city in America.
*1776: Yale student David Bushnell invents the first American [[submarine]].
*1787: [[John Fitch (inventor)|John Fitch]] builds the first [[steamboat]].
*1836: [[Samuel Colt]] invents the [[automatic revolver]] in Whitney's [[Eli Whitney Museum|factory]].
*1839: [[Charles Goodyear]] of New Haven discovers the process of [[vulcanizing]] rubber in [[Woburn, Massachusetts]], and later perfects it and patents the process in nearby [[Springfield, Massachusetts]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.techcorr.com/about/Clients/index.cfm |title=TechCorr's Clients Top 100 |publisher=Techcorr.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628082927/http://www.techcorr.com/about/Clients/index.cfm |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*1860: Philios P. Blake patents the first corkscrew.
*1877: New Haven hosts the first [[Bell System|Bell]] [[PSTN]] (telephone) switch office.
*1878–1880: The District Telephone Company of New Haven creates the world's first [[telephone exchange]] and the first [[telephone directory]] and installs the first public phone. The company expanded and became the Connecticut Telephone Company, then the [[Southern New England Telephone Company]] (now part of [[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]]).<ref name="NPSTele">{{cite web |last1=National Park Services |title=Site of the First Telephone Exchange |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/site-of-the-first-telephone-exchange.htm |website=National Park Services |access-date=October 28, 2021 |archive-date=October 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028094111/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/site-of-the-first-telephone-exchange.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
*1882: The [[Knights of Columbus]] are founded in New Haven. The city still serves as the world [[Knights of Columbus Building (New Haven, Connecticut)|headquarters]] of the organization, which maintains a museum downtown.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kofc.org/un/en/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165402/http://www.kofc.org/un/eb/en/anniversary/historical/index4.html |url-status=dead |title=Knights of Columbus Home |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |website=Kofc.org }}</ref>
*1892: Local confectioner George C. Smith of the Bradley Smith Candy Co. invents the first [[lollipop]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.conntact.com/archive_index/archive_pages/1632_Business_New_Haven.html |title=UNH Workshop Aims To Toughen Firms |website=Conntact.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201150357/http://www.conntact.com/archive_index/archive_pages/1632_Business_New_Haven.html |archive-date=February 1, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*Late 19th century-early 20th century: The first public tree planting program takes place in New Haven, at the urging of native [[James Hillhouse]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2009/05/elm_city_to_ree.php |title=They're Putting The "Elm" Back In "Elm City" |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=July 10, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710234844/http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2009/05/elm_city_to_ree.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
*1900: Louis Lassen, owner of [[Louis' Lunch]], is credited with inventing the [[hamburger]], as well as the [[steak sandwich]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/CT/200002814.html |title=Connecticut: Louis' Lunch (Local Legacies: Celebrating Community Roots – Library of Congress) |publisher=Lcweb2.loc.gov |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630052938/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/CT/200002814.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*1911: The [[Erector Set]], the popular and culturally important construction toy, is invented in New Haven by [[Alfred Carlton Gilbert|A.C. Gilbert]]. It was manufactured by the A. C. Gilbert Company at [[Erector Square]] from 1913 until the company's bankruptcy in 1967.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eliwhitney.org/new/museum/-gilbert-project/-man/a-c-gilbert-scientific-toymaker-essays-arts-and-sciences-october-6 |title=The Demise of The A. C. Gilbert Company &#124; The Eli Whitney Museum and Workshop |publisher=Eliwhitney.org |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=May 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513092824/http://www.eliwhitney.org/new/museum/-gilbert-project/-man/a-c-gilbert-scientific-toymaker-essays-arts-and-sciences-october-6 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*1920: In competition with competing explanations, the [[Frisbee]] is said to have originated on the Yale campus, based on the tin pans of the [[Frisbie Pie Company]] which were tossed around by students on the [[New Haven Green]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/features/2007/11/05/local-pie-tin-first-frisbee-legend-holds/ |title=Local pie tin first Frisbee, legend holds |publisher=Yale Daily News |date=November 5, 2007 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413134840/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/features/2007/11/05/local-pie-tin-first-frisbee-legend-holds/ |archive-date=April 13, 2010 }}</ref>
*1977: The first memorial to victims of [[the Holocaust]] on public land in America<ref name="ashes">{{cite web |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/05/post_324.php |title=The Ashes of Memory, Revealed |date=May 8, 2007 |access-date=March 30, 2008 |work=New Haven Independent |archive-date=October 16, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016165650/http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/05/post_324.php |url-status=live }}</ref> stands in New Haven's [[Edgewood Park, New Haven|Edgewood Park]] at the corner of Whalley and West Park avenues. It was built with funds collected from the community<ref>{{cite web |url=http://research.yale.edu/nhohp/content/the-collection/featured-interview/shifre-zamkov-on-the-new-haven-holocaust-memorial |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015031038/http://research.yale.edu/nhohp/content/the-collection/featured-interview/shifre-zamkov-on-the-new-haven-holocaust-memorial |url-status=dead |title=Shifre Zamkov on the New Haven Holocaust Memorial |archive-date=October 15, 2009 }}</ref> and is maintained by Greater New Haven Holocaust Memory, Inc.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gnhhm.org/ |title=Greater New Haven Holocaust Memory, Inc |publisher=Gnhhm.org |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628022710/http://www.gnhhm.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The ashes of victims killed and [[cremation|cremated]] at [[Auschwitz]] are buried under the memorial.<ref name="ashes" />

== Geography ==
[[File:Quinnipiac River from Fair Haven.jpg|thumb|left|View of the [[Quinnipiac River]] from [[Fair Haven (New Haven)|Fair Haven]]]]According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|52.1|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|48.4|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|3.7|km2|order=flip}}, or 6.67%, is water.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): New Haven city, Connecticut |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=September 26, 2012 |archive-date=December 27, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

New Haven's best-known geographic features are its large, shallow harbor, and two reddish basalt [[trap rock]] ridges which rise to the northeast and northwest of the city core. These trap rocks are known respectively as [[East Rock]] and [[West Rock]], and both serve as extensive parks. West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east–west passage of the [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "[[Regicide of Charles I of England|Regicides]]" (see: [[Regicides Trail]]). Most New Haveners refer to these men as "The Three Judges". East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.

The city is drained by three rivers; the [[West River (Connecticut)|West]], [[Mill River (Connecticut)|Mill]], and [[Quinnipiac River|Quinnipiac]], named in order from west to east. The West River discharges into [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]] Harbor, while the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers discharge into New Haven Harbor. Both harbors are embayments of [[Long Island Sound]]. In addition, several smaller streams flow through the city's neighborhoods, including Wintergreen Brook, the Beaver Ponds Outlet, Wilmot Brook, Belden Brook, and Prospect Creek. Not all of these small streams have continuous flow year-round.

=== Climate ===
According to the [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen classification]], New Haven experiences a bordering a hot-summer [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfa''), bordering on a [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cfa''). The city has hot, humid summers and cool to cold winters. From May to late September, the weather is typically hot and humid, with average temperatures exceeding {{convert|80|°F}} on 70 days per year. In summer, the [[Bermuda High]] creates as southern flow of warm and humid air, with frequent (but brief) thundershowers. October to early December is normally mild to cool late in the season, while early spring (April) can be cool to warm. Winters are more variable, with cool to cold temperatures, mixed with warmer spells, with both rain and snow fall.

While the weather patterns that affect New Haven result from a primarily offshore direction, thus reducing the marine influence of Long Island Sound, the location on Long Island Sound often influences the weather along the coastline compared to inland. During summer heat waves, temperatures may reach {{convert|95|°F}} or higher on occasion with heat-index values of over {{convert|100|°F}}. [[Tropical cyclones]] have struck New Haven in the past, including 1938 Hurricane ([[Long Island Express]]), [[Hurricane Carol]] in 1954, [[Hurricane Gloria]] in 1985.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hanrahan • • |first=Ryan |title=Hurricane Carol |url=https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/hurricane-carol/21493/ |access-date=November 9, 2022 |website=NBC Connecticut |date=August 31, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=November 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109124713/https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/hurricane-carol/21493/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=September 26, 2015 |title=Hurricane Gloria hit Connecticut 30 years ago causing $60 million in damage |url=https://www.nhregister.com/weather/article/Hurricane-Gloria-hit-Connecticut-30-years-ago-11342161.php |access-date=November 9, 2022 |website=New Haven Register |language=en-US |archive-date=November 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109124527/https://www.nhregister.com/weather/article/Hurricane-Gloria-hit-Connecticut-30-years-ago-11342161.php |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[USDA hardiness zone|hardiness zone]] is 7a.
{{Weather box
| location = New Haven ([[Tweed New Haven Airport|HVN]]), Connecticut, elevation: {{cvt|4|m|disp=or}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 69
| Feb record high F = 68
| Mar record high F = 77
| Apr record high F = 88
| May record high F = 95
| Jun record high F = 96
| Jul record high F = 101
| Aug record high F = 100
| Sep record high F = 93
| Oct record high F = 89
| Nov record high F = 80
| Dec record high F = 65
| year record high F = 
| Jan avg record high F = 56.4
| Feb avg record high F = 54.8
| Mar avg record high F = 64.4
| Apr avg record high F = 76.9
| May avg record high F = 82.7
| Jun avg record high F = 88.4
| Jul avg record high F = 91.1
| Aug avg record high F = 90.0
| Sep avg record high F = 86.1
| Oct avg record high F = 77.8
| Nov avg record high F = 68.3
| Dec avg record high F = 59.3
| year avg record high F = 92.1
| Jan high F = 38.1
| Feb high F = 40.2
| Mar high F = 47.0
| Apr high F = 57.8
| May high F = 67.7
| Jun high F = 76.4
| Jul high F = 82.1
| Aug high F = 81.0
| Sep high F = 74.7
| Oct high F = 63.8
| Nov high F = 53.4
| Dec high F = 43.7
| year high F = 60.5
| Jan mean F = 30.5
| Feb mean F = 32.0
| Mar mean F = 38.5
| Apr mean F = 48.5
| May mean F = 58.5
| Jun mean F = 67.9
| Jul mean F = 73.9
| Aug mean F = 72.9
| Sep mean F = 66.0
| Oct mean F = 54.7
| Nov mean F = 44.7
| Dec mean F = 36.3
| year mean F = 52.0
| Jan low F = 23.0
| Feb low F = 23.9
| Mar low F = 30.1
| Apr low F = 39.3
| May low F = 49.4
| Jun low F = 59.3
| Jul low F = 65.7
| Aug low F = 64.7
| Sep low F = 57.3
| Oct low F = 45.5
| Nov low F = 35.9
| Dec low F = 28.9
| year low F = 43.9
| Jan avg record low F = 4.8
| Feb avg record low F = 8.9
| Mar avg record low F = 15.8
| Apr avg record low F = 27.5
| May avg record low F = 37.7
| Jun avg record low F = 47.7
| Jul avg record low F = 56.9
| Aug avg record low F = 54.1
| Sep avg record low F = 45.0
| Oct avg record low F = 30.7
| Nov avg record low F = 21.8
| Dec avg record low F = 14.5
| year avg record low F = 6.2
| Jan record low F = -8
| Feb record low F = -6
| Mar record low F = 1
| Apr record low F = 17
| May record low F = 30
| Jun record low F = 40
| Jul record low F = 50
| Aug record low F = 43
| Sep record low F = 34
| Oct record low F = 23
| Nov record low F = 13
| Dec record low F = -3
| year record low F = -8
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 2.72
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.84
| Mar precipitation inch = 3.66
| Apr precipitation inch = 4.19
| May precipitation inch = 3.54
| Jun precipitation inch = 3.47
| Jul precipitation inch = 3.36
| Aug precipitation inch = 3.55
| Sep precipitation inch = 4.03
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.78
| Nov precipitation inch = 3.12
| Dec precipitation inch = 3.53
| year precipitation inch = 41.79
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 9.5
| Feb precipitation days = 8.5
| Mar precipitation days = 9.6
| Apr precipitation days = 10.9
| May precipitation days = 12.9
| Jun precipitation days = 11.8
| Jul precipitation days = 10.4
| Aug precipitation days = 9.9
| Sep precipitation days = 9.3
| Oct precipitation days = 11.1
| Nov precipitation days = 9.4
| Dec precipitation days = 11.0
| year precipitation days = 124.3
| Jan snow inch = 9.0
| Feb snow inch = 9.8
| Mar snow inch = 7.2
| Apr snow inch = 1.0
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.1
| Nov snow inch = 1.1
| Dec snow inch = 7.2
| year snow inch = 
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 5.9
| Feb snow days = 5.9
| Mar snow days = 4.5
| Apr snow days = 0.7
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 0.7
| Dec snow days = 4.4
| Jan humidity = 62.8
| Feb humidity = 60.3
| Mar humidity = 64.4
| Apr humidity = 65.1
| May humidity = 69.7
| Jun humidity = 73.8
| Jul humidity = 74.2
| Aug humidity = 73.8
| Sep humidity = 74.1
| Oct humidity = 70.4
| Nov humidity = 68.2
| Dec humidity = 63.6
| Jan uv = 2
| Feb uv = 2
| Mar uv = 4
| Apr uv = 6
| May uv = 7
| Jun uv = 8
| Jul uv = 8
| Aug uv = 8
| Sep uv = 6
| Oct uv = 4
| Nov uv = 2
| Dec uv = 1
| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] (snow/snow days 1948&ndash;1974)<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=okx |title=NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-date=May 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527215410/http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=okx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00014758&format=pdf |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Station: New Haven Tweed AP, CT |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020) |access-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213951/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00014758&format=pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
| source 2 = Weatherbase (humidity),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=372560&units= |title=New Haven – Airport, Connecticut Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase) |website=Weatherbase.com |access-date=July 3, 2019 |archive-date=February 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224184423/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=372560&units= |url-status=live }}</ref> Weather Atlas (UV index)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/connecticut-usa/new-haven-climate |title=New Haven, CT – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast |publisher=Yu Media Group |website=Weather-atlas.com |language=en |access-date=July 3, 2019 |archive-date=July 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703223241/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/connecticut-usa/new-haven-climate |url-status=live }}</ref>
| source = 
}}

=== Streetscape ===
[[File:Yale University 08.jpg|thumb|right|The city from the south with [[The Hill, New Haven|The Hill]] in the foreground. [[East Rock, New Haven|East Rock]] is visible in the background.]]
[[File:Large American Elm Tree, New Haven, CT - June 10, 2017.jpg|thumb|[[Ulmus americana|American Elm]] in New Haven]]

New Haven has a long tradition of [[urban planning]] and a purposeful design for the city's layout.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://newhaven1879.blogspot.com/ |title=New Haven 1879-An Architectural Guide |website=Newhaven1879.blogspot.com |access-date=April 7, 2021 |archive-date=January 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127084249/https://newhaven1879.blogspot.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The city could be argued to have some of the first preconceived layouts in the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.colonialwarsct.org/1638_new_haven_plan.htm |title=The Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Connecticut |publisher=Colonialwarsct.org |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=January 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106135222/http://www.colonialwarsct.org/1638_new_haven_plan.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/PlanningPrograms/ComprehensivePlan/SectionIIntroduction.pdf |title=New Haven's Comprehensive Plan |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=September 26, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926235355/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/PlanningPrograms/ComprehensivePlan/SectionIIntroduction.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Upon founding, New Haven was laid out in a [[grid plan]] of nine square blocks; the central square was left open, in the tradition of many New England towns, as the [[village green|city green]] (a commons area). The city also instituted the first public tree planting program in America. As in other cities, many of the [[elm]]s that gave New Haven the nickname "Elm City" perished in the mid-20th century due to [[Dutch elm disease]], although many have since been replanted. The [[New Haven Green]] is currently home to three separate historic churches which speak to the original theocratic nature of the city.<ref name="nhtowngreen" /> The Green remains the social center of the city today. It was named a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1970.

[[Downtown New Haven]], occupied by nearly 7,000 residents, has a more residential character than most downtowns.<ref name="downtown">[http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/PlanningPrograms/ComprehensivePlan/SectionVIDowntown.pdf CityOfNewHaven.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301230330/https://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/PlanningPrograms/ComprehensivePlan/SectionVIDowntown.pdf |date=March 1, 2016 }} Comprehensive Report: New Haven pg3</ref> The downtown area provides about half of the city's jobs and half of its tax base<ref name="downtown" /> and in recent years has become filled with dozens of new upscale restaurants, in addition to shops and thousands of apartments and condominium units which subsequently help overall growth of the city.<ref name="new_development">{{cite web |url=http://www.conntact.com/article_page.lasso?id=40054 |title=Archived copy |access-date=December 11, 2009 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804104839/http://www.conntact.com/article_page.lasso?id=40054 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Neighborhoods ===
[[File:Front Street in New Haven CT.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Quinnipiac River Historic District]], located in the [[Fair Haven (New Haven)|Fair Haven]] neighborhood, is one of dozens of listed historic districts in New Haven.]]

{{main|Neighborhoods of New Haven, Connecticut}}
The city has many distinct neighborhoods. In addition to Downtown, centered on the central business district and the [[New Haven Green|Green]], are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of [[Dixwell (New Haven)|Dixwell]] and [[Dwight Street Historic District|Dwight]]; the southern neighborhoods of [[The Hill (New Haven)|The Hill]], historic water-front [[City Point (New Haven)|City Point]] (or Oyster Point), and the harborside district of [[Long Wharf (New Haven)|Long Wharf]]; the western neighborhoods of [[Beaver Hills, New Haven|Beaver Hills]], [[Edgewood Park Historic District|Edgewood]], [[West River (neighborhood)|West River]], [[Westville (New Haven)|Westville]], [[Amity (New Haven)|Amity]], and [[West Rock (neighborhood)|West Rock-Westhills]]; [[East Rock (neighborhood)|East Rock]], [[Cedar Hill (New Haven)|Cedar Hill]], [[Prospect Hill (New Haven)|Prospect Hill]], and [[Newhallville]] in the northern side of town; the east central neighborhoods of [[Mill River (neighborhood)|Mill River]] and [[Wooster Square]], an Italian-American neighborhood; [[Fair Haven (New Haven)|Fair Haven]], an immigrant community located between the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers; [[Quinnipiac Meadows]] and [[Fair Haven Heights]] across the Quinnipiac River; and facing the eastern side of the harbor, [[The Annex (New Haven)|The Annex]] and [[East Shore (New Haven)|East Shore]] (or Morris Cove).<ref>''Harrison's illustrated guide to greater New Haven'', (H2 Company, New Haven, 1995).</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/Maps/NeighborhoodPlanningMaps/ |title=/CityPlan/pdfs/Maps/NeighborhoodPlanningMaps/ |website=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=June 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612083643/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/Maps/NeighborhoodPlanningMaps/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/index.asp |title=Welcome to the New Haven City Plan Department |website=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=July 5, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705045245/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/index.asp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://maps.google.com/?q=http://www.southernct.edu/departments/usc/offcampushousing/New_Haven_Neighborhoods.kml |title=Google Maps |website=Maps.google.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=November 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111091532/http://maps.google.com/?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southernct.edu%2Fdepartments%2Fusc%2Foffcampushousing%2FNew_Haven_Neighborhoods.kml |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Demographics ==
=== Census data ===
{{see also|List of Connecticut locations by per capita income}}
[[File:New haven race-ethnicity-color-nativity-origin 1790-2010.png|right|thumb|Graph of New Haven demographics from the US Census, 1790–2010]]
{{Historical populations
|type= USA
|1756|5085
|1774|8295
|1790|4487
|1800|4049
|1810|5772
|1820|7147
|1830|10180
|1840|12960
|1850|20345
|1860|39267
|1870|50840
|1880|62882
|1890|86045
|1900|108027
|1910|133605
|1920|162537
|1930|162665
|1940|160605
|1950|164443
|1960|152048
|1970|137707
|1980|126021
|1990|130474
|2000|123626
|2010|129779
|2020|134023
|2024 est.|137562
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="2020 Census Data">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/stamfordcityconnecticut/POP010220 |title=QuickFacts: Stamford city, Connecticut |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=October 21, 2021 |archive-date=February 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211003107/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/stamfordcityconnecticut/POP010220 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Connecticut Census 1756 & 1774<ref name="ColonialPop">{{cite book |author=United States Census Bureau |date=1909 |title=A Century of Population Growth |url=https://archive.org/details/centuryofpopulat00unit/page/164/mode/2up |pages=164–167 }}</ref>}}
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''New Haven, Connecticut – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web |title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – New Haven city, Connecticut |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALSF12000.P004?g=160XX00US0952000 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – New Haven city, Connecticut |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US0952000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – New Haven city, Connecticut |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US0952000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=June 27, 2024 |archive-date=June 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627010707/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US0952000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|43,979
|41,230
|style='background: #ffffe6; |37,010
|35.57%
|31.77%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |27.61%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|44,598
|43,332
|style='background: #ffffe6; |40,788
|36.07%
|33.39%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |30.43%
|-
|Native American or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|348
|379
|style='background: #ffffe6; |339
|0.28%
|0.29%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.25%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|4,776
|5,864
|style='background: #ffffe6; |9,044
|3.86%
|4.52%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6.75%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|47
|34
|style='background: #ffffe6; |61
|0.04%
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.05%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|408
|415
|style='background: #ffffe6; |873
|0.33%
|0.32%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.65%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|3,027
|2,934
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,840
|2.45%
|2.26%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.61%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|26,443
|35,591
|style='background: #ffffe6; |41,068
|21.39%
|27.42%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |30.64%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''123,626'''
|'''129,779'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''134,023'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

===2010 census===
The [[U.S. Census Bureau]] reports a 2010 population of 129,779, with 47,094 households and 25,854 families within the city of New Haven. The population density was {{convert|6,859.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 52,941 housing units at an average density of {{convert|2,808.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 42.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 35.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.5% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 4.6% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 12.9% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.9% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] residents of any race were 27.4% of the population.<ref>[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/09/0952000.htm]{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic }}</ref> [[Non-Hispanic Whites]] were 31.8% of the population in 2010,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/09/0952000.html |title=New Haven (city), Connecticut |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508163817/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/09/0952000.html |archive-date=May 8, 2012 }}</ref> down from 69.6% in 1970.<ref>{{cite web |title=Connecticut – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=May 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}</ref> The city's Latino population is growing rapidly. Previous influxes among ethnic groups have been African-Americans in the postwar era, and Irish, Italian and (to a lesser degree) Slavic peoples in the prewar period.

As of the 2010 census, of the 47,094 households, 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.5% include married couples living together, 22.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65&nbsp;years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size 3.19.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&pctxt=fph&_lang=en&_sse=on&geo_id=16000US0952000&_state=04000US09 |title=New Haven city, Connecticut – Fact Sheet – American FactFinder |publisher=Factfinder.census.gov |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212042629/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&pctxt=fph&_lang=en&_sse=on&geo_id=16000US0952000&_state=04000US09 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="autogenerated4">{{cite web |author=American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_DP3&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U&-_lang=en&-_sse=on&-geo_id=16000US0952000 |title=New Haven city, Connecticut – DP-3. Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics: 2000 |publisher=Factfinder.census.gov |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212041759/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_DP3&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U&-_lang=en&-_sse=on&-geo_id=16000US0952000 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The ages of New Haven's residents were 25.4% under the age of 18, 16.4% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 16.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65&nbsp;years of age or older. The median age was 29&nbsp;years, which was significantly lower than the national average. There were 91.8 males per 100 females. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,604, and the median income for a family was $35,950. Median income for males was $33,605, compared with $28,424 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,393. About 20.5% of families and 24.4% of the population were living below the poverty line, including 32.2% of those under age 18 and 17.9% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref name="autogenerated4" />

=== Other data ===
It is estimated that 14% of New Haven residents are pedestrian commuters, ranking it number four by highest percentage in the United States. This is primarily due to New Haven's small area and the presence of [[Yale University]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}

New Haven is noted for having the highest percentage of Italian American residents of any US city, and is noted for its [[New Haven-style pizza|local style of pizza]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nhregister.com/realestate/article/CT-city-has-the-most-Italian-Americans-in-the-U-S-14535297.php |title='CT city has the most Italian Americans in the U.S. |work=New Haven Register |date=October 14, 2019 |access-date=September 15, 2020 |archive-date=July 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717024642/https://www.nhregister.com/realestate/article/CT-city-has-the-most-Italian-Americans-in-the-U-S-14535297.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

A study of the demographics of the New Haven metro area, based on age, educational attainment, and race and ethnicity, found that they were the closest of any American city to the national average.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kolko |first=Jed |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/normal-america-is-not-a-small-town-of-white-people/ |title='Normal America' Is Not A Small Town Of White People |work=FiveThirtyEight |date=April 28, 2016 |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=March 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310080419/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/normal-america-is-not-a-small-town-of-white-people/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Economy ==
[[File:New Haven from above, 2009-12-10.jpg|thumb|right|The Port of New Haven]]
[[File:Connecticut - New Haven - NARA - 23936517 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Port in the 1930s]]
New Haven's economy originally was based in manufacturing, but the postwar period brought rapid [[deindustrialization|industrial decline]]; the entire Northeast was affected, and medium-sized cities with large working-class populations, like New Haven, were hit particularly hard. Simultaneously, the growth and expansion of [[Yale University]] further affected the economic shift. Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by [[Yale – New Haven Hospital]]. Other large employers include [[Southern Connecticut State University]], [[Assa Abloy]] lock manufacturing, the [[Knights of Columbus]] headquarters, Higher One, [[Alexion Pharmaceuticals]], Covidien and [[United Illuminating]].{{citation needed|date=February 2022}} Clothing stores [[Gant (retailer)|Gant]] and [[Ann Inc.|Ann Taylor]] were founded in the city.

In 2017, New Haven was ranked by a [[Verizon Communications|Verizon]] study as one of the top 10 cities in America for launching tech startups, and top two in New England.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2017/03/08/new-haven-named-top-city-for-tech-startups/ |title=New Haven named top city for tech startups |website=Yaledailynews.com |date=March 8, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2021 |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022217/https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2017/03/08/new-haven-named-top-city-for-tech-startups/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

'''Industry sectors''': Agriculture (.6%), Construction and Mining (4.9%), Manufacturing (2.9%), Transportation and Utilities (2.9%), Trade (21.7%), Finance and Real Estate (7.1%), Services (55.9%), Government (4.0%)

=== Headquarters ===
The [[Knights of Columbus]], the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization and a [[Fortune 1000]] company, is headquartered in New Haven.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2008/snapshots/10207.html |work=CNN |access-date=May 20, 2010 |title=Fortune 500 2008: Knights of Columbus |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202193742/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2008/snapshots/10207.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Amphenol]], based in Greater New Haven ([[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]]), is a Fortune 100 company.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2008/snapshots/5006.html |work=CNN |access-date=May 20, 2010 |title=Fortune 500 2008: Amphenol |archive-date=September 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926103043/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2008/snapshots/5006.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Eight Courant 100 companies are based in Greater New Haven, with four headquartered in New Haven proper.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.courant.com/business/hc-ct100-top-2004rank,0,7082408.htmlstory |title=Courant 100 Companies By Size |publisher=Courant.com |date=June 8, 2004 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611202857/http://www.courant.com/business/hc-ct100-top-2004rank,0,7082408.htmlstory |archive-date=June 11, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> New Haven-based companies traded on [[stock exchange]]s include [[NewAlliance Bank]], the second largest bank in Connecticut and fourth-largest in [[New England]] (NYSE: NAL), Higher One Holdings (NYSE: ONE), a financial services firm, [[United Illuminating]], the electricity distributor for southern Connecticut (NYSE: UIL), and Transpro Inc. (AMEX: TPR). The American division of [[Assa Abloy]] (one of the world's leading manufacturers of locks) is located in the city. The [[Southern New England Telephone Company]] (SNET) began operations in the city as the District Telephone Company of New Haven in 1878; the company remains headquartered in New Haven as a subsidiary of [[Frontier Communications]] and provides telephone service for all but two municipalities in Connecticut.<ref>AT&T SNET Fairfield County White Pages, Customer Service Guide page 14, "Local Toll-free Calling Areas", August 2006 edition</ref> [[SeeClickFix]] was founded and has been headquartered in the city since 2007. [[Peter Paul Candy Manufacturing Company]] (a candy-making division of the [[Hershey Company]]) was formerly located in the city. Achillion Pharmaceuticals and Alexion Pharmaceuticals were also formerly headquartered in New Haven.

== Law and government ==
=== Political structure ===
{{see also|List of mayors of New Haven, Connecticut|Mayoral elections in New Haven, Connecticut}}
[[File:Newhavenstructure2-statue.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Statue of Roman orator [[Cicero]] at the New Haven County Courthouse]]
New Haven is governed via the [[mayor-council system]]. Connecticut municipalities (like those of neighboring states [[Massachusetts]] and [[Rhode Island]]) provide nearly all local services (such as fire and rescue, education, snow removal, etc.), as county government has been abolished since 1960.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/08/14/archives/connecticut-ends-county-rule-oct-1-state-to-take-over-historic.html |work=The New York Times |title=Connecticut Ends County Rule Oct. 1; State to Take Over Historic Government Units – Minor Court System Also to Go |date=August 14, 1960 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=July 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704125722/https://www.nytimes.com/1960/08/14/archives/connecticut-ends-county-rule-oct-1-state-to-take-over-historic.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:New Haven City Hall, October 17, 2008.jpg|thumb|right|upright|New Haven City Hall]]

[[New Haven County]] merely refers to a grouping of towns and a judicial district, not a governmental entity. New Haven is a member of the South Central Connecticut Regional Council of Governments (SCRCOG), a regional agency created to facilitate coordination between area municipal governments and state and federal agencies, in the absence of county government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scrcog.org/ |title=South Central Connecticut Regional Council of Governments |publisher=SCRCOG |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=September 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929200649/http://www.scrcog.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Justin Elicker]] is the mayor of New Haven. He was sworn in as the 51st mayor of New Haven on January 1, 2020.

The city council, called the Board of Alders, consists of thirty members, each elected from single-member wards.<ref>[https://data.ct.gov/Government/City-of-New-Haven-Aldermanic-Wards/nki6-723a/data City of New Haven Aldermanic Wards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928103013/https://data.ct.gov/Government/City-of-New-Haven-Aldermanic-Wards/nki6-723a/data |date=September 28, 2017 }}, GIS Data, Connecticut Open Data Portal.</ref> Each of the 30 wards consists of slightly over 4,300 residents; [[redistricting]] takes place every ten years.<ref>Alexandra Sanders, [http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/New-Haven-ward-map-finalized-new-lines-represent-11458216.php New Haven ward map finalized; new lines represent compromise (maps)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928060404/http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/New-Haven-ward-map-finalized-new-lines-represent-11458216.php |date=September 28, 2017 }}, ''New Haven Register'' (May 21, 2012).</ref>

The city is overwhelmingly [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]. In 2017, of the town's 83,694 voters, 66% were registered as Democrats (−4% since 2015), 4% were registered as Republicans (+1%), and 29% were unaffiliated (+3).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://portal.ct.gov/-/media/sots/ElectionServices/Registration_and_Enrollment_Stats/Nov17RPES.pdf?la=en |title=Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics |date=November 1, 2017 |website=portal.ct.gov |format=PDF |access-date=May 16, 2019 |archive-date=April 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423102003/http://portal.ct.gov/-/media/sots/ElectionServices/Registration_and_Enrollment_Stats/Nov17RPES.pdf?la=en |url-status=live }}</ref> The board of alders is dominated by Democrats; a Republican has not served as a New Haven alder since 2011.<ref name="2015Alders">[http://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/New-Haven-s-Board-of-Alders-races-feature-11343913.php New Haven's Board of Alders races feature challengers and upcoming primary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928055831/http://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/New-Haven-s-Board-of-Alders-races-feature-11343913.php |date=September 28, 2017 }}, ''New Haven Register'' (August 22, 2015).</ref><ref>Abbe Smith, [http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/Lone-New-Haven-Republican-Alderwoman-Arlene-11553657.php Lone New Haven Republican Alderwoman Arlene DePino withdraws from race] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928102938/http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/Lone-New-Haven-Republican-Alderwoman-Arlene-11553657.php |date=September 28, 2017 }}, ''New Haven Register'' (September 27, 2011).</ref>

New Haven is served by the [[New Haven Police Department]], which had 443 sworn officers in 2011.<ref>Veronica Rose, [https://www.cga.ct.gov/2011/rpt/2011-R-0194.htm Report 2011-R-0194: Connecticut Police Department Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124152211/https://www.cga.ct.gov/2011/rpt/2011-R-0194.htm |date=January 24, 2017 }}, Office of Legislative Research, Connecticut General Assembly (April 25, 2011).</ref> The city is also served by the [[New Haven Fire Department]].

New Haven lies within [[Connecticut's 3rd congressional district]] and has been represented by [[Rosa DeLauro]] since 1991. [[Martin Looney]] and [[Gary Holder-Winfield]] represent New Haven in the [[Connecticut State Senate]], and the city lies within six districts (numbers 92 through 97) of the [[Connecticut House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cga.ct.gov/red/2001houseplan.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050205213333/http://cga.ct.gov/red/2001houseplan.htm |archive-date=February 5, 2005 |title=House District Map |date=February 5, 2005 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php/Connecticut_House_of_Representatives |title=Connecticut House of Representatives |publisher=Ballotpedia |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=February 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214043607/https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php/Connecticut_House_of_Representatives |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Greater New Haven area is served by the New Haven Judicial District Court and the New Haven Superior Court, both headquartered at the New Haven County Courthouse.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jud.ct.gov/directory/directory/directions/30.htm |title=New Haven JD Directions |publisher=Jud.ct.gov |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=September 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929165453/http://www.jud.ct.gov/directory/directory/directions/30.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[United States District Court for the District of Connecticut|federal District Court for the District of Connecticut]] has a New Haven facility, the [[Richard C. Lee United States Courthouse]].

=== Political history ===
[[File:Roger Sherman 1721-1793 by Ralph Earl.jpeg|thumb|upright|[[Roger Sherman]], signer of [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] and [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]], author of [[Connecticut Compromise]], and first mayor of New Haven. Portrait by [[Ralph Earl]], {{Circa|1775}}.]]
{{see also|List of Yale University people#Law and politics| List of people from New Haven, Connecticut#Politicians}}

New Haven is the birthplace of former president [[George W. Bush]],<ref name="bushbio">{{cite web |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/president/biography.html |title=Biography of President George W. Bush |access-date=September 28, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205072744/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/president/biography.html |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |archive-date=February 5, 2009 }}</ref> who was born when his father, former president [[George H. W. Bush]], was living in New Haven while a student at Yale. In addition to being the site of the college educations of both Presidents Bush, as Yale students, New Haven was also the temporary home of former presidents [[William Howard Taft]], [[Gerald Ford]], and [[Bill Clinton]], as well as Secretary of State [[John Kerry]]. President Clinton met his wife, former U.S. Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]], while the two were students at [[Yale Law School]]. Former vice presidents [[John C. Calhoun]] and [[Dick Cheney]] also studied in New Haven (although the latter did not graduate from Yale). Before the 2008 election, the last time there was not a person with ties to New Haven and Yale on either major party's ticket was 1968. [[James Hillhouse]], a New Haven native, served as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate]] in 1801.

New Haven voters overwhelmingly supported [[Al Gore]] in the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 election]], Yale graduate [[John Kerry]] in [[2004 United States presidential election|2004]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/news/special/politics/2004_results/general_election/ct_us_president.htm |work=The Boston Globe |title=Connecticut presidential results by town |access-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205345/http://www.boston.com/news/special/politics/2004_results/general_election/ct_us_president.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Barack Obama]] in [[2008 US presidential election|2008]] and 2012. In the 2008 election, [[New Haven County]] was third among all [[Connecticut counties]] in campaign contributions, after [[Fairfield County, Connecticut|Fairfield]] and [[Hartford County|Hartford]] counties. (Connecticut, in turn, was ranked 14th among all states in total campaign contributions.)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opensecrets.org/states/geog.php?cycle=2010&state=CT |title=Connecticut: Geographic Totals |publisher=OpenSecrets |date=April 25, 2011 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=January 8, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108225253/http://www.opensecrets.org/states/geog.php?cycle=2010&state=CT |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opensecrets.org/bigpicture/statetotals.php?cycle=2008 |title=Contributions by State |publisher=OpenSecrets |date=July 13, 2009 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=January 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106134759/http://www.opensecrets.org/bigpicture/statetotals.php?cycle=2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

New Haven was the subject of '' [[Who Governs?]] Democracy and Power in An American City'', a very influential book in [[political science]] by preeminent Yale professor [[Robert A. Dahl]], which includes an extensive history of the city and thorough description of its politics in the 1950s. New Haven's theocratic history is also mentioned several times by [[Alexis de Tocqueville]] in his classic volume on 19th-century American political life, ''[[Democracy in America]]''.<ref>Tocqueville, Alexis. 2004. ''Democracy in America''. Translated by [[Arthur Goldhammer]]. New York: The Library of America, pp. 39n, 41, 43.</ref> New Haven was the residence of conservative thinker [[William F. Buckley, Jr.]], in 1951, when he wrote his influential ''[[God and Man at Yale]]''. [[William Lee Miller]]'s ''The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society'' (1966) similarly explores the relationship between local politics in New Haven and national political movements, focusing on [[Lyndon Johnson]]'s [[Great Society]] and [[urban renewal]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Miller |first=William Lee |title=The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society: An Encounter With a Modern City |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |location=Boston |year=1966 }}</ref>

[[George Williamson Crawford]], a Yale Law School graduate, served as the city's first black [[corporation counsel]] from 1954 to 1962, under Mayor [[Richard C. Lee]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.georgecrawfordblackbar.org/about/ |title=George W. Crawford Black Bar Association |access-date=January 7, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204161601/http://www.georgecrawfordblackbar.org/about/ |archive-date=December 4, 2010 }}</ref>

In 1970, the [[New Haven Black Panther trials]] took place, the largest and longest trials in Connecticut history. [[Black Panther Party]] co-founder [[Bobby Seale]] and ten other party members were tried for murdering an alleged informant. Beginning on May Day, the city became a center of protest for 12,000 Panther supporters, college students, and [[New Left]] activists (including [[Jean Genet]], [[Benjamin Spock]], [[Abbie Hoffman]], [[Jerry Rubin]], and [[John Froines]]), who amassed on the [[New Haven Green]], across the street from where the trials were being held. Violent confrontations between the demonstrators and the [[New Haven Police Department|New Haven Police]] occurred, and several bombs were set off in the area by radicals. The event became a rallying point for the New Left and critics of the [[Richard Nixon|Nixon Administration]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/05/02/archives/new-haven-police-set-off-tear-gas-at-panther-rally-crowd-of-youths.html?sq=black%2520panther%2520trial%2520new%2520haven&scp=14&st=cse |work=The New York Times |title=NEW HAVEN POLICE SET OFF TEAR GAS AT PANTHER RALLY; Crowd of Youths Hurl Rocks After a Quiet Protest by 12,000 in Afternoon Streets Clear at 2 A.M. New Haven Police Fire Tear Gas at Panther Rally Some Outflank Marshals Barricade on Street. Less Than Predicted Brewster Supported |date=May 2, 1970 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |first=Homer |last=Bigart |archive-date=July 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723212445/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/05/02/archives/new-haven-police-set-off-tear-gas-at-panther-rally-crowd-of-youths.html?sq=black%2520panther%2520trial%2520new%2520haven&scp=14&st=cse |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,902777-1,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930035656/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,902777-1,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 30, 2007 |magazine=Time |title=The Law: Justice in New Haven |date=September 14, 1970 |access-date=May 20, 2010 }}</ref>

During the summer of 2007, New Haven was the center of protests by [[anti-immigration]] groups who opposed the city's program of offering municipal ID cards, known as the [[Elm City Resident Card]], to [[illegal immigration to the United States|illegal immigrants]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/nyregion/nyregionspecial2/16peoplect.html?scp=119&sq=&st=nyt |work=The New York Times |title=This Summer's Surprise Hit: An Elm City ID |first=Jeff |last=Holtz |date=September 16, 2007 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=May 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512182618/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/nyregion/nyregionspecial2/16peoplect.html?scp=119&sq=&st=nyt |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bass |first=Paul |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/07/post_331.php |title=We Are At War |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628130558/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/07/post_331.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Melissa |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/07/immigrants_line.php |title=Immigrants, Supporters Pour in For ID |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113051923/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/07/immigrants_line.php |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2008, the country of [[Ecuador]] opened a consulate in New Haven to serve the large Ecuadorean immigrant population in the area. It is the first foreign mission to open in New Haven since Italy opened a consulate (now closed) in the city in 1910.<ref>{{cite web |last=Appel |first=Allan |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2008/09/ecuadorian_cons.php |title=Ecuadorian Consulate Opens |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=July 22, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722083650/http://newhavenindependent.org/archives/2008/09/ecuadorian_cons.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Ross |first=Colin |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2008/10/01/in-elm-city-an-ecuador-outpost/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209215826/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2008/10/01/in-elm-city-an-ecuador-outpost/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 9, 2013 |title=In Elm City, an Ecuador outpost |publisher=Yale Daily News |date=October 1, 2008 |access-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref>

In April 2009, the [[United States Supreme Court]] agreed to [[Ricci v. DeStefano|hear a suit]] over [[reverse discrimination]] brought by 20 white and Hispanic firefighters against the city. The suit involved the 2003 promotion test for the [[New Haven Fire Department]]. After the tests were scored, no [[black people|blacks]] scored high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that no one would be promoted. On June 29, 2009, the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of the firefighters, agreeing that they were improperly denied promotion because of their race.<ref name="globe20090630">Williams, Joseph (June 30, 2009). Supreme Court rules in favor of Conn. firefighters. The Boston Globe. Retrieved on July 6, 2009 from [https://www.boston.com/news/local/connecticut/articles/2009/06/30/supreme_court_rules_in_favor_of_conn_firefighters/ Boston.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073053/http://www.boston.com/news/local/connecticut/articles/2009/06/30/supreme_court_rules_in_favor_of_conn_firefighters/ |date=March 4, 2016 }}, "Supreme court rules in favor of conn firefighters"</ref> The case, ''Ricci v. DeStefano'', became highly publicized and brought national attention to New Haven politics due to the involvement of then-[[US Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] nominee (and Yale Law School graduate) [[Sonia Sotomayor]] in a lower court decision.<ref>[http://interact.stltoday.com/blogzone/political-fix/dc-download/2009/05/in-sotomayor-confirmation-ricci-v-destefano-looms-big/]{{dead link|date=September 2011 }}</ref>

[[Garry Trudeau]], creator of the political ''[[Doonesbury]]'' [[comic strip]], attended Yale University. There he met fellow student and later [[Green Party of the United States|Green Party]] candidate for [[United States Congress|Congress]] [[Charles Pillsbury (attorney)|Charles Pillsbury]], a long-time New Haven resident for whom Trudeau's comic strip is named. During his college years, Pillsbury was known by the nickname "The Doones". A [[International legal theory|theory of international law]], which argues for a sociological normative approach in regards to jurisprudence, is named the [[International legal theory#New Haven Approach|New Haven Approach]], after the city. Connecticut US senator [[Richard Blumenthal]] is a Yale graduate, as is former Connecticut US Senator [[Joe Lieberman]] who also was a New Haven resident for many years, before moving back to his hometown of [[Stamford, Connecticut|Stamford]].<ref>[http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/257647 Op-Ed: Joe Lieberman Supports McCain, Becomes an Enigma to Democrats] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013073126/http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/257647 |date=October 13, 2010 }}. Digitaljournal.com (July 20, 2008). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

=== Crime ===
Crime increased in the 1990s, with New Haven having one of the ten highest violent crime rates per capita in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/01/nyregion/policing-new-haven-patrols-politics-special-report-chief-with-high-profile-uses.html |work=The New York Times |title=Policing New Haven: Patrols and Politics – A special report.; Chief With High Profile Uses Streets to Test New Theories |first1=Ralph |last1=Blumenthal |first2=M. A. |last2=Farber |date=November 1, 1991 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=November 20, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120071850/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/01/nyregion/policing-new-haven-patrols-politics-special-report-chief-with-high-profile-uses.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the late 1990s New Haven's crime began to stabilize. The city, adopting a policy of [[neighborhood watch|community policing]], saw crime rates drop during the 2000s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/university-news/2001/04/13/crime-down-mayor-seeks-credit/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130210133607/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/university-news/2001/04/13/crime-down-mayor-seeks-credit/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 10, 2013 |title=Crime down, mayor seeks credit |publisher=Yale Daily News |date=April 13, 2001 |access-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Ross |first=Colin |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2010/02/19/crime-hits-20-year-low/ |title=City crime hits 20-year low |publisher=Yale Daily News |date=February 19, 2010 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100224234120/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2010/02/19/crime-hits-20-year-low/ |archive-date=February 24, 2010 }}</ref>

Violent crime levels vary dramatically among New Haven's neighborhoods, with some areas having crime rates in line with the state of Connecticut average, and others having extremely high rates of crime. A 2011 New Haven Health Department report identifies these issues in greater detail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctdatahaven.org/know/index.php/File:Creating_a_Healthy_and_Safe_City_2011_sml.pdf |title=File:Creating a Healthy and Safe City 2011 sml.pdf – Knowledge Center |publisher=Ctdatahaven.org |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=October 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008080733/http://www.ctdatahaven.org/know/index.php/File:Creating_a_Healthy_and_Safe_City_2011_sml.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2010, New Haven ranked as the 18th most dangerous city in the United States (albeit below the safety benchmark of 200.00 for the second consecutive year).<ref name="os.cqpress.com">{{cite web |url=http://os.cqpress.com/citycrime/2010/City_crime_rate_2010-2011_hightolow.pdf |title=2010 City Crime Rate Rankings |work=CQ Press using reported data from the F.B.I. "Crime in the United States 2009" |date=November 12, 2010 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412010233/http://os.cqpress.com/citycrime/2010/City_crime_rate_2010-2011_hightolow.pdf |archive-date=April 12, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> However, according to a completely different analysis conducted by the "24/7 Wall Street Blog", in 2011 New Haven had risen to become the fourth most dangerous city in the United States, and was widely cited in the press as such.<ref>{{cite web |last=Connors |first=Bob |url=http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/New-Haven-4th-Most-Dangerous-City-Report-122619474.html |title=New Haven 4th Most Dangerous City: Report |publisher=NBC Connecticut |date=May 25, 2011 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=March 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314033135/http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/New-Haven-4th-Most-Dangerous-City-Report-122619474.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://247wallst.com/2011/05/24/the-most-dangerous-cities-in-america/ |title=The Most Dangerous Cities In America – 24/7 Wall St |publisher=24/7 Wall St. |date=May 24, 2011 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009133104/http://247wallst.com/2011/05/24/the-most-dangerous-cities-in-america/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

However, an analysis by the Regional Data Cooperative for Greater New Haven, Inc., has shown that due to issues of comparative denominators and other factors, such municipality-based rankings can be considered inaccurate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctdatahaven.org/blog/2011/06/public_safety_new_haven/ |title=Connecticut Data Blog » Public safety concerns in our neighborhoods are legitimate, but 24/7 Wall Street's "Most Dangerous Cities" ranking is not |publisher=Ctdatahaven.org |date=June 4, 2011 |access-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-date=October 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008080741/http://www.ctdatahaven.org/blog/2011/06/public_safety_new_haven/ |url-status=live }}</ref> For example, two cities of identical population can cover widely differing land areas, making such analyses irrelevant. The research organization called for comparisons based on neighborhoods, blocks, or standard methodologies (similar to those used by Brookings, DiversityData, and other established institutions), not based on municipalities.

== Education ==

=== Colleges and universities ===
New Haven is a notable center for higher education. [[Yale University]], at the heart of downtown, is one of the city's best known features and its largest employer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.acinet.org/acinet/oview6.asp?soccode=&id=&nodeid=12&stfips=09&from=State |title=Acinet.org |publisher=Acinet.org |date=December 4, 2013 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602162828/http://www.acinet.org/acinet/oview6.asp?soccode=&id=&nodeid=12&stfips=09&from=State |archive-date=June 2, 2013 }}</ref> New Haven is also home to [[Southern Connecticut State University]], part of the [[Connecticut State University System]], and [[Albertus Magnus College]], a private institution. [[Gateway Community College]] has a campus in downtown New Haven, formerly located in the [[Long Wharf (New Haven)|Long Wharf]] district; Gateway consolidated into one campus downtown into a new state-of-the-art campus (on the site of the old Macy's building) and was open for the Fall 2012 semester.<ref>[http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/news/news_wtnh_newhaven_gateway_cc_waiting_for_its_new_start_200903310618 Gateway Community College waiting for its new start]. WTNH.com (March 31, 2009). Retrieved on July 15, 2013. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616154600/http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/news/news_wtnh_newhaven_gateway_cc_waiting_for_its_new_start_200903310618 |date=June 16, 2013 }}</ref><ref>Bellmorembellmore, Michael. (May 23, 2013) [https://archive.today/20130704021050/http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2013/05/23/news/new_haven/doc519ec5e58dfe5867803988.txt Much to look forward to for Gateway Community College grads- The New Haven Register – Serving New Haven, Connecticut]. Nhregister.com. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

There are several institutions immediately outside of New Haven, as well. [[Quinnipiac University]] and the [[Paier College of Art]] are located just to the north, in the town of [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]. The [[University of New Haven]] is located not in New Haven but in neighboring [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]].
[[File:HGS Student Body 1911 12.jpg|thumb|The 1911 student body of the [[Hopkins School]], the fifth-oldest educational institution in the United States]]

=== Primary and secondary schools ===
[[New Haven Public Schools]] is the school district serving the city. [[Wilbur Cross High School]] and [[Hillhouse High School]] are New Haven's two largest public secondary schools.

[[Hopkins School]], a private school, was founded in 1660 and is the fifth-oldest educational institution in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hopkins.edu/who/profile/ |title=Who We Are |publisher=Hopkins School |access-date=October 1, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928014252/http://www.hopkins.edu/who/profile/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref> New Haven is home to a number of other private schools as well as public magnet schools, including [[Metropolitan Business Academy]], High School in the Community, [[Hill Regional Career High School]], [[Co-op High School]], [[New Haven Academy]], [[Edgewood Magnet School]], [[ACES Educational Center for the Arts]], the Foote School and the [[Sound School]], all of which draw students from New Haven and suburban towns. New Haven is also home to two Achievement First charter schools, Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep, and to Common Ground, an environmental charter school.

The city is renowned for its progressive school lunch programs,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/nyregion/connecticut/28colct.html |title=Whole Grains, Fresh Corn: School Menu on a Mission |last=Hirshey |first=Gerri |date=September 26, 2008 |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 12, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080146/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/nyregion/connecticut/28colct.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and participation in statewide bussing efforts toward increased diversity in schools.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/04/nyregion/school-busing-city-and-suburban.html |title=School Busing, City and Suburban |last=Weizel |first=Richard |date=October 4, 1998 |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 12, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080617/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/04/nyregion/school-busing-city-and-suburban.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Culture ==
=== Cuisine ===

[[Livability.com]] named New Haven as the Best Foodie City in the country in 2014. There are dozens of [[Zagat Survey|Zagat-rated]] restaurants in New Haven, the most in Connecticut and the third most in [[New England]] (after [[Boston]] and [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zagat.com/Verticals/BrowseSubLocation.aspx?GS=GeoParentID%7c832&GN=Connecticut |title=Zagat Survey page for CT |publisher=Zagat.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629133835/http://www.zagat.com/Verticals/BrowseSubLocation.aspx?GS=GeoParentID%7C832&GN=Connecticut |url-status=dead }}</ref> More than 120 restaurants are located within two blocks of the [[New Haven Green]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E5DD103FF930A35757C0A9639C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1 |work=The New York Times |first=Eleanor |last=Charles |date=April 3, 2005 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |title=LIVING IN/Downtown New Haven; An Infusion of Energy in Yale's Backyard |archive-date=March 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303163020/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E5DD103FF930A35757C0A9639C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> The city is home to an eclectic mix of ethnic restaurants and small markets specializing in various foreign foods.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/07/nyregion/dining-out-in-new-haven-flavors-from-south-asia.html?scp=11&sq=new%20haven%20ethnic%20food%20resraurants&st=cse |work=The New York Times |title=DINING OUT; In New Haven, Flavors from South Asia |first=Patricia |last=Brooks |date=March 7, 1999 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=May 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512165905/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/07/nyregion/dining-out-in-new-haven-flavors-from-south-asia.html?scp=11&sq=new%20haven%20ethnic%20food%20resraurants&st=cse |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[http://www.petergreenberg.com/2010/03/02/spotlight-on-new-haven-ct-a-college-town-vacation/ Travel News You Can Use – Spotlight on New Haven, CT: A College Town Vacation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317141800/http://www.petergreenberg.com/2010/03/02/spotlight-on-new-haven-ct-a-college-town-vacation/ |date=March 17, 2010 }}. Petergreenberg.com (March 2, 2010). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref> Represented cuisines include Malaysian, Ethiopian, Spanish, Belgian, French, Greek, Latin American, Mexican, Italian, Thai, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Korean, Indian, Jamaican, Cuban, Peruvian, Syrian/Lebanese, and Turkish.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zagat.com/verticals/Browse.aspx?Ntk=GeoChildID&Ntt=1521&N=120&Ne=2392&VID=8&Key=Cuisines |title=New Haven restaurants by cuisine @ Zagat Survey |publisher=Zagat.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630002959/http://www.zagat.com/verticals/Browse.aspx?Ntk=GeoChildID&Ntt=1521&N=120&Ne=2392&VID=8&Key=Cuisines |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:Frank pepe clam pie.jpg|thumb|White clam pizza from [[Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana|Pepe's]], in the classic [[New Haven-style pizza|New Haven-style]]]]
New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090523225742/http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/30872147/ 25 best pizzas around the country – today > food – TODAY.com] . Today.msnbc.msn.com (May 22, 2009). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://thepauperedchef.com/2007/09/new-haven-pizza.html Some Say New Haven Has America's Best Pizza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315135921/http://thepauperedchef.com/2007/09/new-haven-pizza.html |date=March 15, 2010 }}. The Paupered Chef (September 13, 2007). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.realamericanstories.com/new-haven-pizza-wars-%E2%80%93-new/?curpage=0 New Haven Pizza Wars] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326004116/http://www.realamericanstories.com/new-haven-pizza-wars-%E2%80%93-new/?curpage=0 |date=March 26, 2010 }}. Real American Stories. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://gridskipper.com/archives/entries/058/58727.php 15 Best Pizzas in America] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930132553/http://gridskipper.com/archives/entries/058/58727.php |date=September 30, 2011 }}. Gridskipper (October 27, 2006). Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> or even in the world.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/sep/13/best-foods-in-the-world |work=The Guardian |location=London |title=The 50 best things to eat in the world, and where to eat them |first=Killian |last=Fox |date=September 13, 2009 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=August 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824024902/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/sep/13/best-foods-in-the-world |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[http://journeypod.wordpress.com/best-pizzas-from-around-the-world/ Best Pizzas From Around The World |Luxury Travel Nightlife & Restaurant Reviews] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310201246/http://journeypod.wordpress.com/best-pizzas-from-around-the-world/ |date=March 10, 2010 }}. Journeypod.wordpress.com (April 18, 2009). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref> [[New Haven-style pizza]], called "apizza", made its debut at the iconic [[Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana]] (known as Pepe's) in 1925.<ref>"American Eats: Pizza", The History Channel, June 29, 2006</ref> Apizza is baked in coal- or wood-fired brick ovens, and is notable for its thin crust. Apizza may be red (with a tomato-based sauce) or white (with a sauce of garlic and [[olive oil]]), and pies ordered "plain" are made without the otherwise customary [[mozzarella]] (originally smoked mozzarella, known as "scamorza" in Italian). A white [[clam]] pie is a well-known specialty of the restaurants on [[Wooster Square|Wooster Street]] in the Little Italy section of New Haven, including Pepe's and [[Sally's Apizza]] (which opened in 1938). [[Modern Apizza]] on State Street, which opened in 1934, is also well-known.<ref>[http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/features/2008/11/06/taste-tests-prove-that-brand-does-matter/ Taste tests prove that brand does matter] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130209195224/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/features/2008/11/06/taste-tests-prove-that-brand-does-matter/ |date=February 9, 2013 }}. Yale Daily News (November 6, 2008). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>
[[File:Louis-lunch.png|thumb|right|[[Louis' Lunch]], where the [[hamburger]] was reputedly invented in 1900]]

A second New Haven [[gastronomical]] claim to fame is [[Louis' Lunch]], which is located in a small brick building on Crown Street and has been serving fast food since 1895.<ref>Price & Lee's New Haven (New Haven County, Conn.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=ddgCAAAAYAAJ City Directory, 1899, page 375] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102052410/https://books.google.com/books?id=ddgCAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA375,M1 |date=January 2, 2016 }}</ref> Though fiercely debated, the restaurant's founder Louis Lassen is credited by the [[Library of Congress]] with inventing the [[hamburger]] and [[steak sandwich]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ct/es_ct_burger_1.html |title=Louis' Lunch |website=Americaslibrary.gov |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=January 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110171638/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ct/es_ct_burger_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/CT/200002814.html |title=Connecticut: Louis' Lunch (Local Legacies: Celebrating Community Roots – Library of Congress) |website=Lcweb2.loc.gov |access-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-date=June 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630052938/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/CT/200002814.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Louis' Lunch [[broiling|broils]] hamburgers, steak sandwiches and [[hot dogs]] vertically in original antique 1898 [[cast iron]] stoves using [[gridiron (cooking)|gridirons]], patented by local resident Luigi Pieragostini in 1939, that hold the meat in place while it cooks.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/patents?id=LRhJAAAAEBAJ&pg=PA1&dq=pieragostini+broiler&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=0_1#PPA1,M1 |title=U.S. Patent #2,148,879 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=May 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523110811/http://www.google.com/patents?id=LRhJAAAAEBAJ&pg=PA1&dq=pieragostini+broiler&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=0_1#PPA1,M1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

A third New Haven [[gastronomical]] claim to fame is [[Miya's]], the first [[sustainable sushi]] restaurant in the world. Miya's, founded by Chef Yoshiko Lai in 1982, featured the first [[sustainable seafood]]-based sushi menu, the first plant-based sushi menu, and the first [[invasive species]] menu in the world. Second generation [[Miya's]] chef, [[Bun Lai]], is the 2016 [[White House]] Champions of Change for Sustainable Seafood and a [[James Beard Foundation]] Award nominee. Chef [[Bun Lai]] is credited as the first chef in the world for implementing a sustainability paradigm to the cuisine of sushi.<ref name="granata1">{{cite web |last=Granata |first=Elise |url=http://newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/sustainable_sushi_gets_a_toehold1/ |title="Sustainable Sushi" Gets A Toehold |publisher=New Haven Independent |date=January 18, 2010 |access-date=February 24, 2010 |archive-date=June 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615173423/http://newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/sustainable_sushi_gets_a_toehold1/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://fish2fork.com/apps/index.php/reviews/view/315 |title=Miya's Sushi |publisher=Fish2fork.com |access-date=June 7, 2010}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/sustainable_sushi_gets_a_toehold1/ |title="Sustainable Sushi" Gets A Toehold |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=January 18, 2010 |archive-date=June 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615173423/http://newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/sustainable_sushi_gets_a_toehold1/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/environment-sustainability/12-champions-of-change-for-sustainable-seafood-chosen-by-white-house |title=12 "Champions of Change for Sustainable Seafood" chosen by White House |website=Seafoodsource.com |access-date=July 14, 2017 |archive-date=August 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815015713/https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/environment-sustainability/12-champions-of-change-for-sustainable-seafood-chosen-by-white-house |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewhelkwestport.com/news/2013-james-beard-awards-semifinalists-chefs-bill-taibe-bun-lai/ |title=2013 James Beard Awards Semifinalists: Chefs Bill Taibe & Bun Lai – The Whelk |website=Thewhelkwestport.com |access-date=July 14, 2017 |archive-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814222029/http://www.thewhelkwestport.com/news/2013-james-beard-awards-semifinalists-chefs-bill-taibe-bun-lai/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

During weekday lunchtime, over 150 lunch carts and food trucks cater to diners around the city.<ref>[http://www.yaledailynews.com/magazine/column/2004/11/17/burritos-bubble-tea-and-burgers/ Burritos, Bubble Tea and Burgers |YDN Magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130210041519/http://www.yaledailynews.com/magazine/column/2004/11/17/burritos-bubble-tea-and-burgers/ |date=February 10, 2013 }}. Yaledailynews.com (November 17, 2004). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref> The carts and food trucks cluster at four main points: on Long Wharf Drive, along the city's shoreline with quick access off Interstate 95,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nhregister.com/lifestyle/article/New-Haven-officials-tout-development-of-Food-11319264.php |title=New Haven officials tout development of 'Food Truck Paradise' on Long Wharf |date=November 14, 2016 |newspaper=[[New Haven Register]] |access-date=April 7, 2021 |archive-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106163720/https://www.nhregister.com/lifestyle/article/New-Haven-officials-tout-development-of-Food-11319264.php |url-status=live }}</ref> by [[Yale – New Haven Hospital]] in the center of the Hospital Green (Cedar and York streets), by Yale's [[Trumbull College]] (Elm and York streets), and on the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets by the [[Yale School of Management]].<ref>Spiegel, Jan Ellen (April 21, 2010). [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/25/nyregion/25dinect.html?scp=3&sq=&st=nyt "From Common Food Carts, Exotic Tastes"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313131513/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/25/nyregion/25dinect.html?scp=3&sq=&st=nyt |date=March 13, 2017 }} ''[[The New York Times]].'' Retrieved July 18, 2010.</ref>

Popular farmers' markets, managed by the local non-profit CitySeed,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cityseed.org/ |title=Home |website=Cityseed.org |access-date=April 7, 2021 |archive-date=April 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405214440/https://cityseed.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> set up shop weekly in several neighborhoods, including Westville/Edgewood Park, Fair Haven, Upper State Street, Wooster Square, and Downtown/New Haven Green.

A large grocery store, the Elm City Market, opened on 360 State Street in New Haven in early fall 2011 and served local produce and groceries to the community. Originally, the market was a member-owned [[co-op]],<ref>[http://www.elmcitymarket.coop/ Elm City Market] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929174347/https://www.elmcitymarket.coop/ |date=September 29, 2011 }}. Elmcitymarket.coop. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref> but debt defaults in August 2014 forced a sale of the business. It is now an employee-owned business; the co-op's previous owners received no equity in the new business.<ref>[http://yaledailynews.com/blog/2014/10/03/elm-city-market-auctioned-off/ Elm City Market Sold] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107092538/http://yaledailynews.com/blog/2014/10/03/elm-city-market-auctioned-off/ |date=November 7, 2016 }}. Yale Daily News. Retrieved on November 6, 2016</ref>

In the past several years, two separate Downtown food tour companies have started offering popular restaurant tours on weekends.
Taste of New Haven Tours offers several different weekly restaurant/bar tours and a popular pizza, bike, and pints tour. Culinary Walking Tours offers monthly restaurant tours and sponsors an annual Elm City Iron Chef competition.

=== Theatre and film ===
The city hosts numerous theatres and production houses, including the [[Yale Repertory Theatre]], the [[Long Wharf Theatre]], and the [[Shubert Theatre (New Haven)|Shubert Theatre]]. There is also theatre activity from the [[Yale School of Drama]], which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run [[Yale Cabaret]]. [[Southern Connecticut State University]] hosts the Lyman Center for the Performing Arts. The shuttered Palace Theatre (opposite the Shubert Theatre) was renovated and reopened as the College Street Music Hall in May 2015. Smaller theatres include the Little Theater on Lincoln Street. Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School also has a theatre on College Street. The theatre is used for student productions, and is the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven.<ref>[http://www.ourcitychurch.org/when_and_where/weekly.php "Weekly Gatherings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920212644/http://www.ourcitychurch.org/when_and_where/weekly.php |date=September 20, 2013 }}. City Church New Haven. Retrieved March 14, 2012.</ref>

The Shubert Theatre once premiered many major theatrical productions before their Broadway debuts. Productions that premiered at the Shubert include ''[[Oklahoma!]]'' (which was also written in New Haven<ref name="morganreed.com">[http://www.morganreed.com/taft_building.html The Taft Apartment Building—New Haven, Connecticut] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329105420/http://www.morganreed.com/taft_building.html |date=March 29, 2010 }}. Morganreed.com. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>), ''[[Carousel (musical)|Carousel]]'', ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'', ''[[My Fair Lady]]'', ''[[The King and I]]'', and ''[[The Sound of Music]]'', and the [[Tennessee Williams]] play ''[[A Streetcar Named Desire (play)|A Streetcar Named Desire]]''.

Bow Tie Cinemas owns and operates the Criterion Cinemas, the first new movie theater to open in New Haven in over 30 years and the first luxury movie complex in the city's history. The Criterion has seven screens and opened in November 2004, showing a mix of upscale first run commercial and independent film.<ref>[http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/university-news/2004/11/08/upscale-movie-theater-opens-doors-downtown/ Upscale movie theater opens doors downtown] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130209223807/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/university-news/2004/11/08/upscale-movie-theater-opens-doors-downtown/ |date=February 9, 2013 }}. Yale Daily News (November 8, 2004). Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

=== Museums ===
[[File:Yale Peabody Museum 2.JPG|right|thumb|The historic [[Peabody Museum of Natural History]] at Yale]]
[[File:Yale-Center-for-British-Arts-New-Haven-Connecticut-04-2014d.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Yale Center for British Art]], designed by [[Louis Kahn]]]]

New Haven has a variety of museums, many of them associated with Yale. The [[Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library]] features an original copy of the [[Gutenberg Bible]]. There is also the [[Connecticut Children's Museum]]; the [[Knights of Columbus]] museum near that organization's world headquarters; the [[Peabody Museum of Natural History]]; the [[Yale University Collection of Musical Instruments]]; the [[Eli Whitney Museum]] (across the town line in [[Hamden, Connecticut]], on Whitney Avenue); the [[Yale Center for British Art]], which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K.;<ref>[http://ycba.yale.edu/information/index.html YCBA Home Page |britishart.yale.edu]. Ycba.yale.edu. Retrieved on July 15, 2013. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504003234/http://ycba.yale.edu/information/index.html |date=May 4, 2011 }}</ref> [[Lost in New Haven]], and the [[Yale University Art Gallery]], the western hemisphere's oldest college art museum.<ref>{{cite web |title=Yale University Art Gallery – 1953 |url=http://www.buildings.yale.edu/property.aspx?id=26 |website=Building.yale.edu |access-date=August 22, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830040549/http://www.buildings.yale.edu/property.aspx?id=26 |archive-date=August 30, 2013 }}</ref> New Haven is also home to the [[New Haven Museum and Historical Society]] on Whitney Avenue, which has a library of many primary source treasures dating from Colonial times to the present.

[[Artspace, New Haven|Artspace]] on Orange Street is one of several contemporary art galleries around the city, showcasing the work of local, national, and international artists. Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the downtown area. Westville galleries include Kehler Liddell, Jennifer Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye. The [[Erector Square]] complex in the [[Fair Haven (New Haven)|Fair Haven]] neighborhood houses, the Parachute Factory gallery along with numerous artist studios, and the complex serves as an active destination during [[City-Wide Open Studios]] held yearly in October.

New Haven is the home port of a life-size replica of the historical ''[[Amistad (ship replica)|Freedom Schooner Amistad]]'', which is open for tours at Long Wharf pier at certain times during the summer. Also at Long Wharf pier is the ''Quinnipiack'' schooner, offering sailing cruises of the harbor area throughout the summer. The ''Quinnipiack'' also functions as a floating classroom for hundreds of local students.

=== Music ===
The New Haven Green is the site of many free music concerts, especially during the summer months. These have included the [[New Haven Symphony Orchestra]], the July Free Concerts on the Green, and the [[New Haven Jazz Festival]] in August. The Jazz Festival, which began in 1982, is one of the longest-running free outdoor festivals in the U.S., until it was canceled for 2007. Headliners such as [[Dave Brubeck]], [[Ray Charles]] and [[Celia Cruz]] have historically drawn 30,000 to 50,000 fans, filling up the New Haven Green to capacity. The New Haven Jazz Festival was revived in 2008 and has been sponsored since by Jazz Haven.<ref>[http://jazzhaven.org/ Jazz Haven, Inc] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929130628/http://www.jazzhaven.org/ |date=September 29, 2009 }}. Jazzhaven.org. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

New Haven is home to the concert venue [[Toad's Place]], and a new venue, College Street Music Hall. The city has retained an alternative art and music underground that has helped to influence post-punk era music movements such as [[indie rock|indie]], [[college rock]] and underground [[hip-hop]].

The [[Yale School of Music]] contributes to the city's music scene by offering hundreds of free concerts throughout the year at venues in and around the Yale campus. Large performances are held in the 2,700-seat [[Woolsey Hall]] auditorium, which contains the [[Newberry Memorial Organ|world's largest symphonic organs]], while chamber music and recitals are performed in Sprague Hall.

[[Heavy metal music|Hardcore]] band [[Hatebreed]] are from [[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]], but got their start in New Haven under the name [[Jasta 14 (band)|Jasta 14]]. The band [[Miracle Legion]] formed in New Haven in 1983. Folk musicians from New Haven include [[Loren Mazzacane Connors]] and [[Kath Bloom]].

The Hillhouse Opera Company is a U.S. non-profit<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.implu.com/nonprofit/263218851 |title=HILLHOUSE OPERA COMPANY Form 990 Data as of 2009-11-02 |publisher=implu Corporation |access-date=January 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514122527/http://www.implu.com/nonprofit/263218851 |url-status=live }}</ref> opera company based in New Haven that performs in the New Haven area. Founded in 2008 by Victoria Leigh Gardner, Nicole Rodriguez and Jim Coatsworth Hillhouse Opera Company has performed operas as well as opera scenes programs, master classes and concert series.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2009/11/01/entertainment/doc4aeb978d48275567661046.txt |title=Hillhouse Opera presents 'Alicina' |date=November 1, 2009 |work=New Haven Register |access-date=January 28, 2010 |archive-date=March 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312040845/http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2009/11/01/entertainment/doc4aeb978d48275567661046.txt |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newhavenadvocate.com/article.cfm?aid=15343 |title=Island of Pleasure: Hillhouse Opera Company takes on a rarely-heard masterpiece |last=Johnson |first=Daniel Stephen |date=November 4, 2009 |work=New Haven Advocate |publisher=New Mass Media |access-date=January 28, 2010}} {{dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/1575763351.html?dids=1575763351:1575763351&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+16%2C+2008&author=Fernando+Alfonso+III&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=GERSHWIN+IN+HARTFORD%3B+STRING+QUARTET+IN+STORRS&pqatl=google |title=GERSHWIN IN HARTFORD; STRING QUARTET IN STORRS |last=Alfonso III |first=Fernando |work=Hartford Courant |pages=CAL.21 |access-date=January 29, 2010 |location=Hartford, Connecticut |quote=The Hillhouse Opera Company will perform Mozart's two act opera "Don Giovanni." |date=October 16, 2008 |archive-date=October 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025051956/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/1575763351.html?dids=1575763351:1575763351&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+16,+2008&author=Fernando+Alfonso+III&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=GERSHWIN+IN+HARTFORD%3B+STRING+QUARTET+IN+STORRS&pqatl=google |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2011, the Company professionally staged the works created through the Riverview Opera Project. The Riverview Opera Project created workshops for children and adolescents at Riverview Hospital, Connecticut's only state-funded psychiatric hospital for youth, and helped them to successfully create, produce, and perform four original operas.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://summer.music.ubc.ca/workshops.html |title=Vocal Workshop Faculty |work=University of British Columbia Summer Music Institutes site |access-date=January 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613005416/http://summer.music.ubc.ca/workshops.html |archive-date=June 13, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Festivals ===
In addition to the Jazz Festival (described above), New Haven serves as the home city of the annual [[International Festival of Arts and Ideas]]. New Haven's [[Saint Patrick's Day]] parade, which began in 1842, is [[New England]]'s oldest and draws the largest crowds of any one-day spectator event in Connecticut.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/travel/explorene/specials/holiday/articles/2010/03/14/beyond_the_pubs_painting_the_town_green/ |work=The Boston Globe |title=Beyond the pubs, painting the town green |first=Christopher |last=Klein |date=March 14, 2010 |access-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070740/http://www.boston.com/travel/explorene/specials/holiday/articles/2010/03/14/beyond_the_pubs_painting_the_town_green/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The St. Andrew the Apostle Italian Festival has taken place in the historic [[Wooster Square]] neighborhood every year since 1900. Other parishes in the city celebrate the Feast of [[Saint Anthony of Padua]] and a carnival in honor of [[St. Bernadette Soubirous]].<ref>[http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/ct_style/in_the_kitchen/CTStyle_wtnh_wooster_square_italian_festival_200906241010 Italian Festival in Wooster Square |Connecticut style]. wtnh.com (June 24, 2009). Retrieved on July 15, 2013. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616143235/http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/ct_style/in_the_kitchen/CTStyle_wtnh_wooster_square_italian_festival_200906241010 |date=June 16, 2013 }}</ref> New Haven celebrates [[Powder House Day]] every April on the New Haven Green to commemorate the city's entrance into the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]]. The annual Wooster Square Cherry Blossom Festival<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicwoostersquare.org/cherryblossomfestival.html |title=historic preservation, Historic Wooster Square Association Inc Cherry Blossom Festival |website=Historicwoostersquare.org |access-date=July 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701053915/http://www.historicwoostersquare.org/cherryblossomfestival.html |archive-date=July 1, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> commemorates the 1973 planting of 72 [[Prunus × yedoensis|Yoshino]] Japanese cherry blossom trees by the New Haven Historic Commission in collaboration with the New Haven Parks Department and residents of the neighborhood. The Festival now draws well over 5,000 visitors. The [[Film Fest New Haven]] has been held annually since 1995.

=== Nightlife ===
In the past decade downtown has seen an influx of new restaurants, bars, and nightclubs. Large crowds are drawn to the Crown Street area downtown on weekends where many of the restaurants and bars are located. Crown Street between State and High Streets has dozens of establishments, as do nearby Temple and College Streets. Away from downtown, Upper State Street has a number of restaurants and bars popular with local residents and weekend visitors.

=== Newspapers and media ===
New Haven is served by the daily ''[[New Haven Register]]'', the weekly "alternative" ''[[New Haven Advocate]]'' (which is run by Tribune, the corporation owning the ''[[Hartford Courant]]''), the online daily ''New Haven Independent'',<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.niemanlab.org/encyclo/new-haven-independent/ |title=New Haven Independent |author=Nieman Journalism Lab |encyclopedia=Encyclo: an encyclopedia of the future of news |access-date=April 1, 2012 |archive-date=May 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507151129/http://www.niemanlab.org/encyclo/new-haven-independent/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and the monthly ''Grand News Community Newspaper.'' Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civic news forum, [[Design New Haven]]. The ''Register'' also backs ''[[PLAY (magazine)|PLAY]]'' magazine, a weekly entertainment publication. The city is also served by several student-run papers, including the ''[[Yale Daily News]]'', the weekly ''[[Yale Herald]]'' and a humor tabloid, ''[[Rumpus Magazine]]''.
<!-- New Haven is also home to a worldwide free-speech, voluntary-contribution based paper called Sensor(ED) which tends to run on a bi-monthly schedule. -->

[[WTNH]] Channel 8, the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] affiliate for Connecticut, [[WCTX]] Channel 59, the [[MyNetworkTV]] affiliate for the state, [[Connecticut Public Television]] station [[WEDY]] channel 65, a [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] affiliate, and WTXX Channel 34, the IntrigueTV affiliate, broadcast from New Haven. All New York City news and sports team stations broadcast to New Haven County.

=== Sports and athletics ===
[[File:Yale-Harvard-Game.jpg|right|thumb|[[Yale Bowl]] during "The Game" in 2001]]
{{main|Sports in New Haven, Connecticut}}

New Haven has a history of professional sports franchises dating back to the 19th century<ref>[http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1875/TNH101875.htm The 1875 New Haven Elm Citys] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630075030/http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1875/TNH101875.htm |date=June 30, 2014 }}. Retrosheet.org. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> and has been the home to professional baseball, basketball, [[American football|football]], [[ice hockey|hockey]], and soccer teams—including the [[New York Giants]] of the [[National Football League]] from 1973 to 1974, who played at the [[Yale Bowl]]. Throughout the second half of the 20th century, New Haven consistently had minor league hockey and baseball teams, which played at the [[New Haven Arena]] (built in 1926, demolished in 1972), [[New Haven Coliseum]] (1972–2002), and [[Yale Field]] (1928–present).

When [[John DeStefano, Jr.]], became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the [[Northeastern United States|Northeast]], which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. As nearby [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]] built new sports facilities, the [[brutalist]] New Haven Coliseum rapidly deteriorated. Believing the upkeep on the venue to be a drain of tax dollars, the DeStefano administration closed the Coliseum in 2002; it was demolished in 2007. New Haven's last professional sports team, the [[New Haven County Cutters]], left in 2009. The DeStefano administration did, however, see the construction of the New Haven Athletic Center in 1998, a {{convert|94000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} indoor athletic facility with a [[seating capacity]] of over 3,000. The NHAC, built adjacent to [[Hillhouse High School]], is used for New Haven public schools athletics, as well as large-scale area and state sporting events; it is the largest high school indoor sports complex in the state.<ref>Orzechowski, Brett. (July 23, 2006) [http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2006/07/23/sports/16956394.txt Nightmare in the Elm City- The New Haven Register – Serving New Haven, Connecticut]. Nhregister.com. Retrieved on August 2, 2013. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312044748/http://www.nhregister.com/articles/2006/07/23/sports/16956394.txt |date=March 12, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/2006/nov/10/twilight-for-new-haven-sports/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110606082904/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/2006/nov/10/twilight-for-new-haven-sports/ |url-status=dead |title=Twilight for New Haven Sports &#124; Yale Daily News |archive-date=June 6, 2011 |access-date=April 7, 2021 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.cga.ct.gov/2007/rpt/2007-R-0277.htm Hillhouse High School's Indoor Track Facility] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531010741/http://www.cga.ct.gov/2007/rpt/2007-R-0277.htm |date=May 31, 2010 }}. Cga.ct.gov (March 28, 2007). Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref>

New Haven was the host of the [[1995 Special Olympics World Summer Games]]; then-President [[Bill Clinton]] spoke at the opening ceremonies.<ref>[http://www.eunicekennedyshriver.org/articles/article/71/page/1 Remarks: Opening Ceremonies of the Special Olympics World Games in New Haven, Connecticut] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526143854/http://www.eunicekennedyshriver.org/articles/article/71/page/1 |date=May 26, 2013 }}. Eunice Kennedy Shriver (July 1, 1995). Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> The city is home to the [[New Haven Open at Yale|Pilot Pen International]] tennis event, which takes place every August at the [[Connecticut Tennis Center]], one of the largest tennis venues in the world.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://yalebulldogs.cstv.com/facilities/faccullman.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105030259/http://yalebulldogs.cstv.com/facilities/faccullman.html |url-status=dead |title=Yale University Bulldogs, Official Athletic Site |archive-date=January 5, 2009 }}</ref> New Haven biannually hosts "[[Harvard–Yale football rivalry|The Game]]" between Yale and [[Harvard University|Harvard]], the country's second-oldest college football rivalry. Numerous [[road running|road races]] take place in New Haven, including the [[USATF]] 20K Championship during the [[New Haven Road Race]].<ref>[http://www.newhavenroadrace.org/city-nh.htm Stratton Faxon] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091231053700/http://newhavenroadrace.org/city-nh.htm |date=December 31, 2009 }}. New Haven Roadrace. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref>

[[Greater New Haven]] is home to a number of [[college sports]] teams. The [[Yale Bulldogs]] play Division I college sports, as do the [[Quinnipiac Bobcats]] in neighboring [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]. Division II athletics are played by [[Southern Connecticut State University]] and the [[University of New Haven]] (actually located in neighboring [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]), while [[Albertus Magnus College]] athletes perform at the Division III level.

New Haven is home to many [[New York Yankees]], [[New York Mets]], & [[Boston Red Sox]] fans due to the proximity of New York City & Boston.<ref>{{cite news |last=Branch |first=John |title=Where Do Rivals Draw the Line? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/sports/baseball/18fans.html?ei=5088&en=6f3f651e40bd2179&ex=1313553600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=print&_r=0 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 18, 2006 |access-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-date=July 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701053456/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/sports/baseball/18fans.html?ei=5088&en=6f3f651e40bd2179&ex=1313553600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=print&_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Walter Camp]], deemed the "father of American football", was a New Havener.

The [[New Haven Warriors]] [[rugby league]] team play in the [[AMNRL]]. They have a large number of [[Pacific Islander]]s playing for them.<ref>[http://www.newhavenwarriors.net/roster/] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404000915/http://www.newhavenwarriors.net/roster/|date=April 4, 2011 }}</ref> Their field is located at the [[West Haven High School]]'s [[Ken Strong Stadium]].<ref>[http://www.americanrugbynews.com/artman/publish/rugby_league/AMNRL_Season_Preview.shtml] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206093556/http://www.americanrugbynews.com/artman/publish/rugby_league/AMNRL_Season_Preview.shtml|date=December 6, 2010 }}</ref> They won the 2008 AMNRL Grand Final.<ref>[http://www.fightrugby.com/n.php?n=158] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311170921/http://www.fightrugby.com/n.php?n=158|date=March 11, 2012 }}</ref>

== Structures ==

=== Architecture ===
[[File:Yalenewhavenstructure1.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Collegiate Gothic architecture]] is popular in New Haven.]]

New Haven has many architectural landmarks dating from every important time period and architectural style in American history. The city has been home to a number of architects and architectural firms that have left their mark on the city including [[Ithiel Town]] and [[Henry Austin (architect)|Henry Austin]] in the 19th century and [[Cesar Pelli]], [[Warren Platner]], [[Kevin Roche]], [[Herbert Newman]] and [[Barry Svigals]] in the 20th. The [[Yale School of Architecture]] has fostered this important component of the city's economy. [[Cass Gilbert]], of the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] school, designed New Haven's [[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]] and the New Haven Free Public Library and was also commissioned for a [[City Beautiful]] plan in 1919. [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], [[Marcel Breuer]], [[Alexander Jackson Davis]], [[Philip Johnson|Philip C. Johnson]], [[Gordon Bunshaft]], [[Louis Kahn]], [[James Gamble Rogers]], [[Frank Gehry]], [[Charles Willard Moore]], [[Behnisch Architekten|Stefan Behnisch]], [[James Polshek]], [[Paul Rudolph (architect)|Paul Rudolph]], [[Eero Saarinen]] and [[Robert Venturi]] all have designed buildings in New Haven. Yale's 1950s-era [[Ingalls Rink]], designed by Eero Saarinen, was included on the ''[[America's Favorite Architecture]]'' list created in 2007.<ref>[http://favoritearchitecture.org/afa150.php The American Institute of Architects] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510113118/http://favoritearchitecture.org/afa150.php |date=May 10, 2011 }}. Favoritearchitecture.org. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

Several residential homes in New Haven were designed by Alice Washburn, a noted female architect whose Colonial Revival style set a standard for homes in the region.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/01/garden/still-mysterious-architect-gets-her-due.html |title=Still Mysterious, Architect Gets Her Due |first=Eve M. |last=Kahn |date=March 1, 1990 |access-date=April 7, 2021 |website=[[The New York Times]] |archive-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106165044/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/01/garden/still-mysterious-architect-gets-her-due.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Many of the city's neighborhoods are well-preserved as walkable "museums" of 19th- and 20th-century American architecture, particularly by the [[New Haven Green]], [[Hillhouse Avenue]] and other residential sections close to [[Downtown New Haven]]. Overall, a large proportion of the city's land area is National (NRHP) historic districts. One of the best sources on local architecture is ''New Haven: Architecture and Urban Design'', by Elizabeth Mills Brown.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://downtownnewhaven.blogspot.com/2009/01/tribute-to-elizabeth-mills-brown-athena.html |title=Tribute to Elizabeth Mills Brown, 'Athena' of New Haven Preservation, January 2009 |publisher=Downtownnewhaven.blogspot.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=August 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814162807/http://downtownnewhaven.blogspot.com/2009/01/tribute-to-elizabeth-mills-brown-athena.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{see also|List of tallest buildings in New Haven}}

The five tallest buildings in New Haven are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/?id=102251 |title=Buildings of New Haven |publisher=Emporis.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224223556/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/?id=102251 |archive-date=December 24, 2010 }}</ref>

# [[Connecticut Financial Center]] 383&nbsp;ft (117m) 26 floors
# [[360 State Street]] 338&nbsp;ft (103m) 32 floors
# [[Knights of Columbus Building (New Haven, Connecticut)|Knights of Columbus Building]] 321&nbsp;ft (98m) 23 floors
# [[Kline Biology Tower]] 250&nbsp;ft (76m) 16 floors
# [[Crown Towers (New Haven, Connecticut)|Crown Towers]] 233&nbsp;ft (71m) 22 floors

=== Historic points of interest ===
[[File:NewHavenHillhouse5.JPG|thumb|The Graves-Dwight on Hillhouse Avenue]]

{{see also|National Register of Historic Places listings in New Haven, Connecticut}}
Many historical sites exist throughout the city, including [[National Register of Historic Places listings in New Haven, Connecticut|59 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places]]. Of these, nine are among the [[List of National Historic Landmarks in Connecticut|60 U.S. National Historic Landmarks in Connecticut]]. The [[New Haven Green]], one of the National Historic Landmarks, was formed in 1638, and is home to three 19th-century churches. Below the First Church of Christ in New Haven (referred to as the Center Church on the Green) lies a 17th-century crypt, which is open to visitors.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tales from the crypt: stones and stories from the basement of Center Church |url=http://ctcryptkeeper.wordpress.com |publisher=Center Church |access-date=May 31, 2021 |archive-date=May 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528033512/http://ctcryptkeeper.wordpress.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Some of the more famous burials include the first wife of [[Benedict Arnold]] and the aunt and grandmother of President [[Rutherford B. Hayes]]; Hayes visited the crypt while President in 1880.<ref>[http://www.newhavencenterchurch.org/crypt.html Center Church on-the-Green – The Crypt] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131223133606/http://www.newhavencenterchurch.org/crypt.html |date=December 23, 2013 }}. Newhavencenterchurch.org. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> The [[Old Campus]] of [[Yale University]] is located next to the Green, and includes [[Connecticut Hall]], Yale's oldest building and a National Historic Landmark. The [[Hillhouse Avenue]] area, which is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] and is also a part of Yale's campus, has been called a walkable museum, due to its 19th-century mansions and street scape; [[Charles Dickens]] is said to have called Hillhouse Avenue "the most beautiful street in America" when visiting the city in 1868.<ref>[http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/library/Tour/tour16.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901193810/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/library/Tour/tour16.html|date=September 1, 2012 }}</ref>
[[File:Blackrockfort.jpg|thumb|right|The restored [[Fort Nathan Hale|Black Rock Fort]]]]

In 1660, [[Edward Whalley]] (a cousin and friend of [[Oliver Cromwell]]) and [[William Goffe]], two [[English Civil War]] generals who signed the death warrant of [[King Charles I of England|King Charles I]], hid in a rock formation in New Haven after having fled England upon the [[Restoration (England)|restoration]] of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] to the English throne.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Edward Whalley, the Regicide |author1=Robert Patterson Robins |author2=Edward Wale |author3=Sam. Hopkins |author4=G. T. Bratton |journal=The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography |volume=1 |issue=1 |date=1877 |pages=55–66 |publisher=The Historical Society of Pennsylvania |jstor=20084256 }}</ref> They were later joined by a third [[regicide]], [[John Dixwell]]. The rock formation, which is now a part of [[West Rock Park]], is known as [[Judges' Cave]], and the path leading to the cave is called the [[Regicides Trail]].

After the [[American Revolutionary War]] broke out in 1776, the [[Connecticut Colony|Connecticut colonial government]] ordered the construction of [[Fort Nathan Hale|Black Rock Fort]] (to be built on top of an older 17th-century fort) to protect the port of New Haven. In 1779, during the [[Tryon's raid|Battle of New Haven]], British soldiers captured Black Rock Fort and burned the barracks to the ground. The fort was reconstructed in 1807 by the federal government (on orders from the [[Thomas Jefferson]] administration), and rechristened [[Fort Nathan Hale]], after the [[Nathan Hale|Revolutionary War hero]] who had lived in New Haven. The cannons of Fort Nathan Hale were successful in defying British war ships during the [[War of 1812]]. In 1863, during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], a [[Fort Nathan Hale|second Fort Hale]] was built next to the original, complete with bomb-resistant bunkers and a moat, to defend the city should a [[Confederate States of America|Southern raid]] against New Haven be launched. The [[United States Congress]] deeded the site to the state in 1921, and all three versions of the fort have been restored. The site is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places and receives thousands of visitors each year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fort-nathan-hale.org/history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211200051/http://www.fort-nathan-hale.org/history.html |url-status=dead |title=Fort Nathan Hale History |archive-date=February 11, 2012 |website=Fort-nathan-hale.org }}</ref><ref>[http://www.northamericanforts.com/East/ct.html#blackrock Connecticut Forts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925224307/http://northamericanforts.com/East/ct.html#blackrock |date=September 25, 2010 }}. Northamericanforts.com (April 1, 2013). Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref>

[[Grove Street Cemetery]], a National Historic Landmark which lies adjacent to Yale's campus, contains the graves of [[Roger Sherman]], [[Eli Whitney]], [[Noah Webster]], [[Josiah Willard Gibbs]], [[Charles Goodyear]] and [[Walter Camp]], among other notable burials.<ref>[http://www.grovestreetcemetery.org/ Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, Connecticut, USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701102445/http://www.grovestreetcemetery.org/ |date=July 1, 2010 }}. Grovestreetcemetery.org. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> The cemetery is noted for its [[Egyptian Revival]] gateway, and is the oldest planned burial ground in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/nyregion/the-nations-first-planned-burial-ground.html |title=The Nation's First Planned Burial Ground |last=Risen |first=Clay |date=June 26, 2015 |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 11, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212084238/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/nyregion/the-nations-first-planned-burial-ground.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Union League|Union League Club]] of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; [[George Washington]] is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime).<ref>[http://historicbuildingsct.com/?p=2424 Historic Buildings of Connecticut » Blog Archive » Union League Club of New Haven (1902)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124135539/http://historicbuildingsct.com/?p=2424 |date=November 24, 2010 }}. Historicbuildingsct.com (January 26, 2010). Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.newhavenmuseum.org/files/news/summer07version2.pdf]{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic }}</ref>

Two sites pay homage to the time President and [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]] [[William Howard Taft]] lived in the city, as both a student and later Professor at Yale: a plaque on Prospect Street marks the site where Taft's home formerly stood,<ref>Stannard, Ed. (February 8, 2009) [http://www.newhavenregister.com/articles/2009/02/08/news/new_haven/ctoldnewhaven.txt Photography exhibit reveals 'lost New Haven'- The New Haven Register – Serving New Haven, Connecticut] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306222022/http://www.newhavenregister.com/articles/2009/02/08/news/new_haven/ctoldnewhaven.txt |date=March 6, 2012 }}. The New Haven Register. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> and downtown's Taft Apartment Building (formerly the Taft Hotel) bears the name of the former president who resided in the building for eight years before becoming Chief Justice of the United States.<ref name="morganreed.com" />

Lighthouse Point Park, a public beach run by the city, was a popular tourist destination during the [[Roaring Twenties]], attracting luminaries of the period such as [[Babe Ruth]] and [[Ty Cobb]].<ref>[http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/Parks/ParksInformation/lighthousepoint.asp#pride Welcome to Department of Parks, Recreation and Trees] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306115038/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/parks/parksinformation/lighthousepoint.asp#pride |date=March 6, 2010 }}. Cityofnewhaven.com. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> The park remains popular among New Haveners, and is home to the [[Five Mile Point Light]]house, constructed in 1847, and the Lighthouse Point [[Carousel]], constructed in 1916.<ref>[http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/Parks/ParksInformation/lighthousepoint.asp#The%20Present%20Lighthouse Welcome to Department of Parks, Recreation and Trees] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306115038/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/parks/parksinformation/lighthousepoint.asp#The%20Present%20Lighthouse |date=March 6, 2010 }}. Cityofnewhaven.com. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/Parks/ParksInformation/carousel.asp#history |title=Welcome to Department of Parks, Recreation and Trees |publisher=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044233/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/Parks/ParksInformation/carousel.asp#history |url-status=live }}</ref> Five Mile Point Light was decommissioned in 1877 following the construction of [[Southwest Ledge Light]] at the entrance of the harbor, which remains in service to this day. Both of the lighthouses and the carousel are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Other historic sites in the city include the [[Soldiers and Sailors Monument (New Haven)|Soldiers and Sailors Monument]], which stands at the summit of [[East Rock]], the [[Marsh Botanical Garden]], [[Wooster Square]], [[Dwight Street Historic District|Dwight Street]], [[Louis' Lunch]], and the [[Farmington Canal]], all of which date back to the 19th century. Other historic parks besides the Green include [[Edgerton (Hamden and New Haven, Connecticut)|Edgerton Park]], [[Edgewood Park, New Haven|Edgewood Park]], and [[East Rock Park]], each of which is included on the National Register of Historic Places.

== Transportation ==
=== Rail ===
[[File:New Haven Union Station from Union Avenue, December 2016.JPG|thumb|right|[[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]] in 2016]]

New Haven has two railroad stations, connected to New York City and points along the Northeast Corridor by [[commuter rail]], [[regional rail]] and [[inter-city rail]]. Service is provided by:
* [[Metro-North Railroad]]'s [[New Haven Line]] (commuter rail) to points west, such as Bridgeport, Stamford, Greenwich, and New York City
* [[Shore Line East]] (commuter rail) to points east, such as Old Saybrook and New London, with limited rush-hour service west to Stamford
* [[Hartford Line]] (commuter rail) to points north, such as Meriden, Hartford, Windsor, and Springfield, Massachusetts
* [[Amtrak]] (regional and intercity rail)
The city's main railroad station is the historic [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] [[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]], which serves Metro-North, Hartford Line, and Shore Line East commuter trains. Approximately 175 trains serve Union Station on weekdays. Union Station is also served by four Amtrak lines: the ''[[Northeast Regional]]'' and the [[high-speed rail|high-speed]] ''[[Acela Express]]'' provide service to New York, Washington, D.C., and [[Boston]], and rank as the first and second busiest routes in the country; the [[New Haven–Springfield Line]] provides service to [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]] and [[Springfield, Massachusetts]]; and the ''[[Vermonter (train)|Vermonter]]'' provides service to both Washington, D.C., and [[Vermont]], {{convert|15|mi|km}} from the [[Canada–United States border|Canada–US border]].

An additional station, [[State Street Station (New Haven)|State Street Station]], was opened in 2002, providing passengers easier access to [[downtown New Haven]]. State Street Station is currently serviced by Shore Line East and Hartford Line trains, plus some peak-hour Metro-North trips.

=== Bus ===
[[File:CT bus342face.JPG|thumb|A [[Connecticut Transit New Haven|New Haven Division]] bus in [[Downtown New Haven]], near the Green]]
The [[Connecticut Transit New Haven|New Haven Division]] of [[Connecticut Transit]] (CT Transit), the state's bus system, is the second largest division in the state with 24 routes. All routes originate from the [[New Haven Green]], making it the central transfer hub of the city. Service is provided to 19 different municipalities throughout [[Greater New Haven]]. Bus routes were formerly identified by letters, but as of October 8, 2017, all service was renamed using 200-series numbers, in accordance with a renumbering of CTtransit's statewide services.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cttransit.com/news/important-information-regarding-route-renumbering-and-renaming-cttransits-new-haven-area-bus |title=Important information regarding the route renumbering and renaming for CTtransit's New Haven-area bus routes |date=August 30, 2017 |website=CTtransit |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204718/https://www.cttransit.com/news/important-information-regarding-route-renumbering-and-renaming-cttransits-new-haven-area-bus |archive-date=March 22, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

CT Transit's Union Station Shuttle provides free service from Union Station to the New Haven Green and several New Haven parking garages. [[Peter Pan Bus Lines|Peter Pan]] and [[Greyhound Lines|Greyhound]] bus lines have scheduled stops at Union Station, and connections downtown can be made via the Union Station Shuttle. A private company operates the New Haven/Hartford Express which provides commuter bus service to Hartford. The Yale University Shuttle provides free transportation around New Haven for Yale students, faculty, and staff.

The New Haven Division buses follow routes that had originally been covered by [[tram|trolley]] service. [[Horsecar|Horse-drawn streetcars]] began operating in New Haven in the 1860s, and by the mid-1890s all the lines had become electric. In the 1920s and 1930s, some of the trolley lines began to be replaced by bus lines, with the last trolley route converted to bus in 1948. The City of New Haven is in the very early stages of considering the restoration of streetcar (light-rail) service, which has been absent since the postwar period.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Melissa |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/12/a_streetcar_com.php |title=A Streetcar Comeback? |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628042117/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/12/a_streetcar_com.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Appel |first=Allan |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2008/03/street_cars_new.php |title=Where To Catch The Streetcar |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628142330/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2008/03/street_cars_new.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/upload/2008/03/New%20Haven%20Streetcar%20a%20Catalyst.pdf |title=TransSystems: New Haven Electric StreetCar A Catalyst for Development |website=New Haven Independent |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627204551/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/upload/2008/03/New%20Haven%20Streetcar%20a%20Catalyst.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scrcog.org/toc_files/New%20Haven%20Streetcar%20Report.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929201156/http://www.scrcog.org/toc_files/New%20Haven%20Streetcar%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead |title=TranSystems/Stone Consulting & Design, "New Haven Streetcar Assessment", April 2008. |archive-date=September 29, 2011 }}</ref>

=== Bicycle ===

==== Bikeshare ====
On February 21, 2018, New Haven officially launched its '''Bike New Haven''' bikeshare program.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=http://wshu.org/post/new-haven-launches-bike-share-program#stream/0 |title=New Haven Launches Bike Share Program |last=Moaton |first=Anthony |date=February 21, 2018 |work=WSHU |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=February 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221194102/http://wshu.org/post/new-haven-launches-bike-share-program#stream/0 |url-status=live }}</ref> based on dockless technology powered by Noa Technologies<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bike-new-haven/id1349187233 |title=Bike New Haven |website=iTunes App Store |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=March 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307022547/https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/bike-new-haven/id1349187233?mt=8 |url-status=live }}</ref> At time of launch, the program features 10 docking stations and 100 bikes, spread throughout the urban core; there are plans to reach 30 bike stations and 300 bikes by the end of April 2018.<ref name=":0" /> The launch of the New Haven bikeshare program coincided with the launch of Yale University's own bikeshare program, which uses the same technology powered by Noa.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://to.yale.edu/news/yale-launches-new-bikeshare-program |title=Yale Launches New Bikeshare Program |last=Connor |first=Sullivan |date=December 4, 2017 |work=Yale Transportation |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=May 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522163035/https://to.yale.edu/news/yale-launches-new-bikeshare-program |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Bike lanes ====
In 2004, the first bike lane in the city was added to Orange Street, connecting [[East Rock Park]] and the [[East Rock (neighborhood)|East Rock neighborhood]] to downtown. Since then, bike lanes have also been added to sections of Howard Ave, Elm St, Dixwell Avenue, Water Street, Clinton Avenue and State Street. The city has created recommended bike routes for getting around New Haven, including use of the Canal Trail and the Orange Street lane.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/EnvironmentalInitiatives/Greenways/BikeMap_Front.pdf |title=City Cycle Map |website=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605170353/https://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/EnvironmentalInitiatives/Greenways/BikeMap_Front.pdf |archive-date=June 5, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/EnvironmentalInitiatives/Greenways/BikeMap_Back.pdf |title=City Cycle Map by Region |website=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=March 12, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524014248/https://www.cityofnewhaven.com/CityPlan/pdfs/EnvironmentalInitiatives/Greenways/BikeMap_Back.pdf |archive-date=May 24, 2011 }}</ref> As of the end of 2012, bicycle lanes have also been added in both directions on Dixwell Avenue along most of the street from downtown to the Hamden town line, as well as along Howard Avenue from Yale New Haven Hospital to City Point.

The city has plans to create two additional bike lanes connecting Union Station with downtown, and the [[Westville (New Haven)|Westville]] neighborhood with downtown. The city has added dozens of covered [[bicycle parking|bike parking]] spots at Union Station, in order to facilitate more bike commuting to the station.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/TrafficParking/BikePlanning.asp |title=Welcome to the New Haven Department of Transportation, Traffic and Parking |publisher=Cityofnewhaven.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=May 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521045110/http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/TrafficParking/BikePlanning.asp |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Farmington Canal Greenway ====
The [[Farmington Canal Trail]] is a [[rail trail]] that will eventually run continuously from downtown New Haven to [[Northampton, Massachusetts]]. The scenic trail follows the path of the historic [[New Haven and Northampton Company]] and the [[Farmington Canal]]. Currently, there is a continuous {{convert|14|mi|km|adj=on}} stretch of the trail from downtown, through [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]] and into [[Cheshire, Connecticut|Cheshire]], making [[bicycle commuting]] between New Haven and those suburbs possible. The trail is part of the [[East Coast Greenway]], a proposed {{convert|3000|mi|km|adj=on}} bike path that would link every major city on the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]] from Florida to [[Maine]].

=== Roads ===
[[File:Q Bridge in New Haven Illuminated Red, White, and Blue (27460771747).jpg|thumb|The [[Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge (Connecticut)|Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge]], locally known as the ''Q Bridge'', carries ten lanes over the [[Quinnipiac River]] along the [[Connecticut Turnpike]].]]
New Haven lies at the intersection of [[Interstate 95 in Connecticut|Interstate 95]] on the coast—which provides access southwards and/or westwards to the western coast of Connecticut and to New York City, and eastwards to the eastern Connecticut shoreline, [[Rhode Island]], and eastern [[Massachusetts]]—and [[Interstate 91#Connecticut|Interstate 91]], which leads northward to the interior of Connecticut, Massachusetts and [[Vermont]] and the Canada–US border. I-95 is notorious for traffic jams increasing with proximity to New York City; on the east side of New Haven it passes over the [[Quinnipiac River]] via the Pearl Harbor Memorial, or "[[Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge (Connecticut)|Q Bridge]]", which often presents a major bottleneck to traffic. I-91, however, is relatively less congested, except at the intersection with I-95 during peak travel times.

The [[Oak Street Connector]] ([[Connecticut Route 34]]) intersects I-91 at exit 1, just south of the I-95/I-91 interchange, and runs northwest for a few blocks as an expressway spur into downtown before emptying onto surface roads. The [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] ([[Connecticut Route 15]]) runs parallel to I-95 west of New Haven, turning northwards as it nears the city and then running northwards parallel to I-91 through the outer rim of New Haven and [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]], offering an alternative to the I-95/I-91 journey (restricted to non-commercial vehicles). Route 15 in New Haven is the site of the only highway tunnel in the state (officially designated as [[Heroes Tunnel]]), running through [[West Rock]], home to [[West Rock Park]] and the [[Three Judges Cave]].
[[File:Heros Tunnel.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] passes through [[West Rock]] via [[Heroes Tunnel]], the only highway tunnel in Connecticut.]]
The city also has several major surface arteries. [[U.S. Route 1 in Connecticut|U.S. Route 1]] (Columbus Avenue, Union Avenue, Water Street, Forbes Avenue) runs in an east–west direction south of downtown serving [[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]] and leading out of the city to [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]], [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]], [[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]] and [[Branford, Connecticut|Branford]]. The main road from downtown heading northwest is Whalley Avenue (partly signed as [[Connecticut Route 10|Route 10]] and [[Connecticut Route 63|Route 63]]) leading to [[Westville (New Haven)|Westville]] and [[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]. Heading north towards [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]], there are two major thoroughfares, Dixwell Avenue and Whitney Avenue. To the northeast are Middletown Avenue ([[Connecticut Route 17|Route 17]]), which leads to the Montowese section of North Haven, and Foxon Boulevard ([[Connecticut Route 80|Route 80]]), which leads to the Foxon section of East Haven and to the town of [[North Branford, Connecticut|North Branford]]. To the west is [[Connecticut Route 34|Route 34]], which leads to the city of [[Derby, Connecticut|Derby]]. Other major intracity arteries are [[Ella Grasso]] Boulevard ([[Connecticut Route 10|Route 10]]) west of downtown, and College Street, Temple Street, Church Street, Elm Street, and Grove Street in the downtown area.

Traffic safety is a major concern for drivers, pedestrians and cyclists in New Haven.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newhavensafestreets.org |title=NewHavenSafeStreets.org |publisher=NewHavenSafeStreets.org |date=March 8, 2014 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808165458/http://www.newhavensafestreets.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition to many traffic-related fatalities in the city each year, since 2005, over a dozen Yale students, staff and faculty have been killed or injured in traffic collisions on or near the campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/ |title=Yale Daily News – The Oldest College Daily |work=Yale Daily News |access-date=March 11, 2010 |archive-date=March 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314030551/http://www.yaledailynews.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Airport ===
[[Tweed New Haven Airport]] is located within the city limits {{convert|3|mi|0}} east of the business district, straddling the border with neighboring East Haven. Service to approximately 25 cities is provided by [[Avelo Airlines]], which established its first East Coast base at the airport in 2021. [[Breeze Airways]] plans to begin operations at Tweed in December 2024, and will provide service to 10 destinations. The airport is currently planning a runway lengthening and new terminal on the East Haven side of the airport.

Bus service between [[Downtown New Haven]] and Tweed is available via the [[Connecticut Transit New Haven|CT Transit New Haven Division]].

=== Seaport ===
[[File:Newhaven harbor pan.png|thumb|250px|Port of New Haven]]
[[New Haven Harbor]] is home to the Port of New Haven, a deep-water seaport with three berths capable of hosting vessels and barges as well as the facilities required to handle [[break bulk cargo]]. The port has the capacity to load 200 trucks a day from the ground or via loading docks. [[Providence and Worcester Railroad]] provides freight rail transportation to the port, with the railroad operating a switch engine for yard movements, a private siding for loading and unloading, and trackage over the [[Tomlinson Lift Bridge]] toward the Northeast Corridor. Approximately {{convert|400000|sqft|m2|-4}} of inside storage and {{convert|50|acre|m2}} of outside storage are available at the site. Five shore cranes with a 250-ton capacity and 26 forklifts, each with a 26-ton capacity, are also available.{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}

On June 17, 2013, the city commissioned the [[Nathan Hale (fireboat)|''Nathan Hale'']], a {{convert|36|foot|m}} port security vessel capable of serving [[search and rescue]], firefighting, and constabulary roles.<ref name="NewHavenRegister2013-06-17" /><ref name="Nhi2014-06-17">{{cite news |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/nathan_hale_hits_the_harbor/ |title="Nathan Hale" hits the harbor |publisher=[[New Haven Independent]] |author=Thomas MacMillan |date=June 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231091954/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/nathan_hale_hits_the_harbor/ |archive-date=December 31, 2013 |access-date=October 25, 2014 |url-status=dead |quote=The city recently purchased the Metalcraft Firestorm 36 using grant money from the federal Department of Homeland Security. The vessel will be used by the fire and police departments for dousing fires on sea and on the shore, and search and rescue operations. }}</ref>

== Infrastructure ==
[[File:Sterling Memorial Library Interior (bright color scale).jpg|thumb|Yale's [[Sterling Memorial Library]]]]

=== Hospitals and medicine ===
The New Haven area supports several medical facilities that are considered some of the best hospitals in the country. There are two major medical centers downtown: [[Yale – New Haven Hospital]] has four pavilions, including the Yale – New Haven Children's Hospital<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ynhch.org/ |title=Yale – New Haven Children's Hospital |publisher=Ynhch.org |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=April 14, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414230922/http://www.ynhch.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and the Smilow Cancer Hospital;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ynhh.org/smilow/index.aspx |title=Smilow Cancer Hospital |publisher=Ynhh.org |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=October 24, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024081929/http://www.ynhh.org/smilow/index.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> the [[Hospital of Saint Raphael]] is several blocks north, and touts its excellent cardiac emergency care program. Smaller downtown health facilities are the Temple Medical Center located downtown on Temple Street, Connecticut Mental Health Center/<ref>{{cite web |url=https://medicine.yale.edu/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607105619/http://www.med.yale.edu/psych/clinical_care/mental_health.html |url-status=dead |title=Home &#124; Yale School of Medicine |archive-date=June 7, 2009 |website=medicine.yale.edu }}</ref> across Park Street from Y-NHH, and the Hill Health Center,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillhealthcenter.com/ |title=Hill Health Center |publisher=Hill Health Center |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=July 12, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712034650/http://www.hillhealthcenter.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which serves the working-class Hill neighborhood. A large Veterans Affairs hospital is located in neighboring West Haven. To the west in [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]] is [[Milford Hospital (Connecticut)|Milford Hospital]], and to the north in [[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]] is the MidState Medical Center.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.midstatemedical.org/ |title=MidState Medical Center |publisher=Midstatemedical.org |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=July 19, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719113536/http://www.midstatemedical.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In recent years, Yale and the City of New Haven have been working to build a medical and biotechnology research hub in the city and Greater New Haven region.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ribbon Cut On New Downtown "Bioscience Center" |url=https://www.newhavenindependent.org/article/elm_city_bioscience_center |access-date=November 7, 2022 |website=New Haven Independent |language=en |archive-date=November 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221107122406/https://www.newhavenindependent.org/article/elm_city_bioscience_center |url-status=live }}</ref> The city, state and Yale together run Science Park,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2008/10/16/staff-offices-move-to-science-park/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130210141723/http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/city-news/2008/10/16/staff-offices-move-to-science-park/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 10, 2013 |title=Staff offices move to Science Park |publisher=Yale Daily News |date=October 16, 2008 |access-date=July 23, 2014 }}</ref> a large site three blocks northwest of Yale's [[Science Hill (Yale University)|Science Hill]] campus.<ref name="autogenerated5">[citation forthcoming]</ref> This multi-block site, approximately bordered by Mansfield Street, Division Street, and Shelton Avenue, is the former home of [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company|Winchester]]'s and Olin Corporation's 45 large-scale factory buildings. Currently, sections of the site are large-scale parking lots or abandoned structures, but there is also a large remodeled and functioning area of buildings (leased primarily by a private developer) with numerous Yale employees, financial service and biotech companies.

A second biotechnology district is being planned for the median strip on Frontage Road, on land cleared for the never-built [[Connecticut Route 34|Route 34]] extension.<ref name="autogenerated5" /> As of late 2009, a [[Pfizer]] drug-testing clinic, a medical laboratory building serving Yale – New Haven Hospital, and a mixed-use structure containing parking, housing and office space, have been constructed on this corridor.<ref name="autogenerated5" /> A former [[Southern New England Telephone|SNET]] telephone building at 300 George Street is being converted into lab space, and has been quite successful so far in attracting biotechnology and medical firms.<ref name="autogenerated5" />

=== Power supply facilities ===
Electricity for New Haven is generated by a 448&nbsp;MW oil and gas-fired generating station located on the shore at New Haven Harbor.<ref>[http://www.pseg.com/companies/fossil/plants/newhaven.jsp The New Haven Harbor Generating Station] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216230659/http://www.pseg.com/companies/fossil/plants/newhaven.jsp |date=February 16, 2010 }}</ref> [[PPL Corporation]] operates a 220&nbsp;MW peaking natural gas turbine plant in nearby Wallingford.

Near New Haven there is the [[static inverter plant]] of the [[HVDC]] [[Cross Sound Cable]].

There are three [[PureCell System|PureCell]] Model 400 [[fuel cell]]s placed in the city of New Haven—one at the [[New Haven Public Schools]] and newly constructed Roberto Clemente School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://environmentalheadlines.com/ct/2010/09/23/new-haven-breaks-elementary-school-fuel-cell-barrier/ |title=New Haven breaks elementary school fuel cell barrier – CT Environmental Headlines |publisher=Environmentalheadlines.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628215338/http://environmentalheadlines.com/ct/2010/09/23/new-haven-breaks-elementary-school-fuel-cell-barrier/ |url-status=live }}</ref> one at the mixed-use [[360 State Street]] building,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.environmentalleader.com/2010/06/08/new-haven-installs-400kw-fuel-cell/ |title=New Haven Installs 400kW Fuel Cell · Environmental Management & Sustainability News · Environmental Leader |publisher=Environmentalleader.com |date=June 8, 2010 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405000747/http://www.environmentalleader.com/2010/06/08/new-haven-installs-400kw-fuel-cell/ |archive-date=April 5, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and one at [[New Haven City Hall and County Courthouse|City Hall]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Appel |first=Allan |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/city_hall_fuel_cell_powe/ |title=City Hall Fuel Cell Green-Lighted |publisher=New Haven Independent |date=November 21, 2011 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627204556/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/city_hall_fuel_cell_powe/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to Giovanni Zinn of the city's Office of Sustainability, each fuel cell may save the city up to $1 million in energy costs over a decade.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/01/17/1st-fuel-cell-arrives-at-new-haven-city-hall/ |title=1st Fuel Cell Arrives At New Haven City Hall |publisher=FuelCellsWorks |date=January 17, 2012 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627223235/http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/01/17/1st-fuel-cell-arrives-at-new-haven-city-hall/ |archive-date=June 27, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The fuel cells were provided by [[ClearEdge Power]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clearedgepower.com/news/clearedge-power-completes-acquisition-utc-power |title=ClearEdge Power – Media Room |publisher=Clearedgepower.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601083211/http://www.clearedgepower.com/news/clearedge-power-completes-acquisition-utc-power |url-status=dead }}</ref> formerly [[UTC Power]].<ref>{{cite web |author=WFSB Staff |url=http://www.wfsb.com/story/16525566/new-haven-welcomes-new-fuel-cell |title=New Haven welcomes new fuel cell – WFSB 3 Connecticut |publisher=Wfsb.com |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628043904/http://www.wfsb.com/story/16525566/new-haven-welcomes-new-fuel-cell |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Additional fuel cells are located at the [[Peabody Museum of Natural History|Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History]] and at the Greater New Haven Water Pollution Control Authority (GNHWPCA).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/city_hall_moves_on_green_energy/ |title=City Hall Moves on Green Energy |last=MacMillan |first=Thomas |date=December 7, 2010 |work=New Haven Register |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=August 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801124926/https://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/city_hall_moves_on_green_energy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[IKEA|Ikea]]'s New Haven facility also utilizes a 250&nbsp;kW fuel cell and 940.8&nbsp;kW solar array.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://solarindustrymag.com/ikea-complements-solar-fuel-cells-new-haven-store |title=Solar With Fuel Cells At New Haven Store |last=Bebon |first=Joseph |date=March 22, 2017 |work=Solar Magazine |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323092245/https://solarindustrymag.com/ikea-complements-solar-fuel-cells-new-haven-store |archive-date=March 23, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

New Haven recently installed solar panels at 11 city schools with a combined power generation capacity of 1.8 MW.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.greenskies.com/about/news/solar-projects-under-way-new-haven-schools |title=Solar Projects Under Way At New Haven Schools |last=Joseph |first=Bebon |date=January 24, 2018 |website=Greenskies |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=May 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522164539/https://www.greenskies.com/about/news/solar-projects-under-way-new-haven-schools |url-status=live }}</ref> Owned and maintained by Greenskies, the panels allow New Haven to purchase electricity at a discounted rate through a power-purchasing agreement. The panels bring New Haven's solar capacity to 2.8 MW and will help New Haven meet its commitment to powering 100% of its municipal operations through clean energy, which it made in Summer 2017<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/New-Haven-commits-to-using-only-renewable-energy-11309125.php |title=New Haven commits to using only renewable energy for city operations |last=Hernandez |first=Esteban |date=July 5, 2017 |work=New Haven Register |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=March 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323030530/https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/New-Haven-commits-to-using-only-renewable-energy-11309125.php |url-status=live }}</ref> and reaffirmed in the 2018 New Haven Climate and Sustainability Framework.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ct.gov/deep/lib/deep/climatechange/publications/city_of_new_haven_climate_and_sustainability.pdf |title=City of New Haven Climate and Sustainability Framework, January 2018 |date=Jan 2018 |access-date=February 25, 2018 |archive-date=March 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204734/http://www.ct.gov/deep/lib/deep/climatechange/publications/city_of_new_haven_climate_and_sustainability.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
{{more citations needed|section|date=September 2016}}
Several movies have been filmed in New Haven since 2000, including ''[[Mona Lisa Smile]]'' (2003), with [[Julia Roberts]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2002/10/15/with-roberts-hollywood-comes-to-yale/ |title=With Roberts, Hollywood comes to Yale |website=Yaledailynews.com |date=October 15, 2002 |access-date=April 7, 2021 |archive-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106163230/https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2002/10/15/with-roberts-hollywood-comes-to-yale/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[The Life Before Her Eyes]]'' (2007), with [[Uma Thurman]], and ''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]'' (2008) directed by [[Steven Spielberg]] and starring [[Harrison Ford]], [[Cate Blanchett]] and [[Shia LaBeouf]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nhregister.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=18340961&BRD=1281&PAG=461&dept_id=566835&rfi=6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928003748/http://www.nhregister.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=18340961&BRD=1281&PAG=461&dept_id=566835&rfi=6 |url-status=dead |title=NHregister.com |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref> The filming of ''Crystal Skull'' involved an extensive chase sequence through the streets of New Haven. Several downtown streets were closed to traffic and received a "makeover" to look like streets of 1957, when the film is set. 500 locals were cast as extras for the film.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/01/nyregion/01yale.html |work=The New York Times |title=This Place Looks Familiar, but Where's Starbucks? |date=July 1, 2007 |access-date=May 20, 2010 |archive-date=May 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512191423/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/01/nyregion/01yale.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Melissa |url=http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/05/city_clears_pat.php |title=City Clears Path For Indiana Jones |publisher=New Haven Independent |access-date=July 23, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628133302/http://www.newhavenindependent.org/archives/2007/05/city_clears_pat.php |url-status=live }}</ref> In ''[[Everybody's Fine (2009 film)|Everybody's Fine]]'' (2009), [[Robert De Niro]] has a close encounter in what is supposed to be the [[Denver]] train station; the scene was filmed in New Haven's Union Station.
[[File:New Haven Union Station tunnels.jpg|thumb|right|Union Station tunnel as seen in ''[[Everybody's Fine (2009 film)|Everybody's Fine]]'' (2009)]] New Haven is mentioned in the song [[Peace Frog]] by [[the Doors]], referencing a 1967 incident where vocalist [[Jim Morrison]] was arrested for "attempting to incite a riot" in the middle of a concert at the [[New Haven Arena]].

== Notable people ==
{{main list|List of people from New Haven, Connecticut}}

== Sister cities ==
New Haven's [[Sister city|sister cities]] are:<ref>{{cite web |title=New Haven Sister Cities |url=https://www.newhavenct.gov/arts/neighborhood_n_cultural_development/sister_cities.htm |website=newhavenct.gov |publisher=City of New Haven |access-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516191920/https://www.newhavenct.gov/arts/neighborhood_n_cultural_development/sister_cities.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Afula]], Israel
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Amalfi]], Italy
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Avignon]], France
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Changsha]], China
*{{flagicon|SLE}} [[Freetown]], Sierra Leone
*{{flagicon|VIE}} [[Huế]], Vietnam
*{{flagicon|NIC}} [[León, Nicaragua]], Nicaragua
*{{flagicon|TWN}} [[Taichung]], Taiwan
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[San Francisco Tetlanohcan Municipality|San Francisco Tetlanohcan]], Mexico
{{div col end}}

Some of these were selected because of historical connection—Freetown because of the ''Amistad'' trial. Others, such as Amalfi and Afula, reflect ethnic groups in New Haven.

In 1990, the United Nations named New Haven a "[[United Nations Peace Messenger Cities|Peace Messenger City]]".

== See also ==
{{Portal|Connecticut|New England|Cities}}
* [[List of people from New Haven, Connecticut]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in New Haven, Connecticut]]
* [[New Haven Fire Department]]
* [[New Haven Police Department]]
* [[Coast Guard Station New Haven]]
* [[Human coronavirus NL63|New Haven Coronavirus]]
* [[USS New Haven|USS ''New Haven'']], 4 ships
* [[Education in Connecticut]]
* [[History of Connecticut]]

== References ==
{{reflist
|refs =
<!--ref name="CapeCodFireBoatsConnecticut">
{{cite news |url=http://www.capecodfd.com/PAGES%20Special/Fireboats_CT_1.htm |title=Connecticut boats |publisher=[[CapeCodFD]] |author=Britton W. Crosby |date=July 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026020341/http://www.capecodfd.com/PAGES%20Special/Fireboats_CT_1.htm |archive-date=October 26, 2014 |access-date=October 24, 2014 |url-status=live}}
</ref-->
<ref name="NewHavenRegister2013-06-17">{{cite news |url=http://www.nhregister.com/general-news/20130617/new-police-fire-ems-boat-afloat-in-new-haven |title=New police, fire EMS boat afloat in New Haven |newspaper=[[New Haven Register]] |author=Guerrero Garcia |date=June 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026012806/http://www.nhregister.com/general-news/20130617/new-police-fire-ems-boat-afloat-in-new-haven |archive-date=October 26, 2014 |access-date=October 25, 2014 |url-status=live |quote=The city held a ceremony to commission The Nathan Hale, the new public safety vessel, which is going to be used by the police, fire and emergency services departments to support all operations in the harbor and to help put the public in a better place, said Deputy Director of Emergency Management Rick Fontana. }}</ref>
}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* Leonard Bacon, ''Thirteen Historical Discourses'' (New Haven, 1839)
* C. H. Hoadley (editor), ''Records of the Colony of New Haven, 1638–1665'' (two volumes, Hartford, 1857–58)
* J. W. Barber, ''History and Antiquities of New Haven'' (third edition, New Haven, 1870)
* C. H. Levermore, ''Town and City Government of New Haven'' (Baltimore, 1886)
* C. H. Levermore, ''Republic of New Haven: A History of Municipal Evolution'' (Baltimore, 1886)
* E. S. Bartlett, ''Historical Sketches of New Haven'' (New Haven, 1897)
* F. H. Cogswell, "New Haven" in L. P. Powell (editor), ''Historic Towns of New England'' (New York, 1898)
* H. T. Blake, ''Chronicles of New Haven Green'' (New Haven, 1898)
* E. E. Atwater, ''History of the Colony of New Haven'' (New edition, New Haven, 1902)
* {{Citation |publisher=[[Porter Sargent|Porter E. Sargent]] |location=Boston |title=Handbook of New England |date=1916 |oclc=16726464 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/handbookofneweng00sargiala#page/94/mode/2up |chapter=New Haven}}
* [[Robert A. Dahl]], ''[[Who Governs?|Who Governs? Democracy and Power in An American City]]'' (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1961)
* [[William Lee Miller]], ''The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society'' (Houghton Mifflin/Riverside, 1966)
* Douglas W. Rae, ''City: Urbanism and Its End'' (New Haven, 2003)
* ''New Haven City Yearbooks''
* Michael Sletcher, ''New Haven: From Puritanism to the Age of Terrorism'' (Charleston, 2004)
* Preston C. Maynard and Majorey B. Noyes, (editors), "Carriages and Clocks, Corsets and Locks: the Rise and Fall of an Industrial City—New Haven, Connecticut" (University Press of New England, 2005)
* Mandi Isaacs Jackson, ''Model City Blues: Urban Space and Organized Resistance in New Haven'' (Temple University Press, 2008)
* James Cersonsky, "Whose New Haven? Reversing the Slant of the Knowledge Economy" (''Dissent'', February 15, 2011)
* Paul Bass, "New Hope for New Haven, Connecticut" (''Nation'', January 25, 2012)
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|New Haven, Connecticut}}
{{Wikivoyage|New Haven}}
{{EB1911 poster|New Haven}}
* {{Official website|https://www.newhavenct.gov/}}

{{Geographic Location
| Centre    = [[New Haven]]
| North     = [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]
| Northwest = [[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]
| Northeast = [[North Haven, Connecticut|North Haven]]
| West      = [[Orange, Connecticut|Orange]]
[[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]
| East      = [[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]]
| South     = [[Long Island Sound]]}}
{{Neighborhoods of New Haven}}
{{Navboxes|list=
{{South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut}}
{{New Haven County, Connecticut}}
{{Connecticut}}
{{New England}}
{{New York metropolitan area}}
{{All-American City Award Hall of Fame}}
{{Northeast Megalopolis}}
{{Northeast US}}
{{Connecticut county seats}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:New Haven, Connecticut| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Cities in New Haven County, Connecticut]]
[[Category:Cities in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States|Connecticut]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1638]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the United States Atlantic coast]]
[[Category:1638 establishments in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American culture in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Cities in South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut]]