View source for Nymph

{{Short description|Greek and Roman mythological creature}}
{{About|the creatures of Greek mythology}}
{{Infobox mythical creature
|name             = Nymph
|image            = William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Nymphs and Satyr (1873) HQ.jpg
|image_size       =
|caption          = [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]], ''[[Nymphs and Satyr]]'', 1873. [[Clark Art Institute]].
|Grouping         = [[Mythological creature|Mythological]]
|Sub_Grouping     = [[Nature spirit]]
|Similar_entities = [[Mermaid]], [[helloi]]s, [[huldra]]
|Country          = [[Greece]]
}}
{{Greek deities (nymphs)}}

A '''nymph''' ({{langx|grc|{{linktext|νύμφη}}|nýmphē}}; {{IPA|grc-x-attic|nýmpʰɛː|lang|link=yes}}; sometimes spelled '''nymphe''') is a minor female [[nature deity]] in [[ancient Greek folklore]]. Distinct from other [[Greek goddesses]], nymphs are generally regarded as [[personification]]s of nature; they are typically tied to a specific place, landform, or tree, and are usually depicted as [[Virginity|maidens]]. Because of their association with springs, they were often seen as having healing properties;{{Sfn|Larson|2001|p=5}} other divine powers of the nymphs included [[divination]] and [[shapeshifting]].{{Sfn|Larson|2001|p=11, 71}} In spite of their divine nature, they were not [[immortality|immortal]].<ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', s.v. Nymphs.</ref>

Nymphs are divided into various [[Nymph#List|broad subgroups]] based on their habitat,{{Sfn|Grimal|1996|pp=313-314}} such as the [[Meliae]] ([[ash tree]] nymphs), the [[Dryad]]s ([[oak tree]] nymphs), the [[Alseid]]s ([[Grove (nature)|grove]] nymphs), the [[Naiad]]s ([[Spring (hydrology)|spring]] nymphs), the [[Nereids]] (sea nymphs), the [[Oceanids]] (ocean nymphs), and the [[Oread]]s (mountain nymphs). Other nymphs included the [[Hesperides]] (evening nymphs), the [[Hyades (mythology)|Hyades]] (rain nymphs), and the [[Pleiades (Greek mythology)|Pleiades]] (companions of [[Artemis]]).

Nymphs featured in [[Ancient Greek art|classic works of art]], [[Ancient Greek literature|literature]], and [[Greek mythology|mythology]]. They are often attendants of goddesses and frequently occur in myths with a love motif, being the lovers of heroes and other deities.{{Sfn|Grimal|1996|pp=313-314}} Desirable and promiscuous, nymphs can rarely be fully domesticated, being often aggressive to their mortal affairs.{{Sfn|Larson|2001|p=4}}<ref name="Parad1997">{{cite web|title=Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology: Nymphs|year=1997|last1=Parad|first1=Carlos|last2=Förlag|first2=Maicar|url=http://www.maicar.com/GML/NYMPHS.html|publisher=Astrom Editions|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref> Since the [[Middle Ages]], nymphs have been sometimes popularly associated or even confused with [[fairy|fairies]].

==Etymology==
The [[Greek language|Greek]] word {{lang|grc-Latn|nýmphē}} has the primary meaning of "young woman; bride, young wife" but is not usually associated with deities in particular. Yet the etymology of the noun {{lang|grc-Latn|nýmphē}} remains uncertain. The [[Doric Greek|Doric]] and [[Aeolic Greek|Aeolic]] ([[Homeric Greek|Homeric]]) form is {{lang|grc-Latn|nýmphā}} ({{lang|grc|νύμφα}}).<ref name="etymonline">{{cite web |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/nymph |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |work=etymonline.com}}</ref>

Modern usage more often applies to young women, contrasting with ''parthenos'' ({{lang|grc|παρθένος}}) "a virgin (of any age)", and generically as ''[[Kore (sculpture)|kore]]'' ({{lang|grc|κόρη}} < {{lang|grc|κόρϝα}}) "maiden, girl". The term is sometimes used by women to address each other and remains the regular [[Modern Greek]] term for "[[bride]]".

==Ancient Greek mythology==
[[File:John William Waterhouse - Hylas and the Nymphs.jpg|left|thumb|210x210px|In this 1896 painting of ''[[Hylas and the Nymphs (Waterhouse)|Hylas and the Nymphs]]'' by [[John William Waterhouse]], [[Hylas]] is abducted by the [[Naiad]]s, i.e. fresh water nymphs]]
Nymphs were sometimes beloved by many and dwelt in specific areas related to the natural environment: e.g. mountainous regions; forests; springs. Other nymphs were part of the [[retinue]] of a god (such as [[Dionysus]], [[Hermes]], or [[Pan (god)|Pan]]) or of a goddess (generally the huntress [[Artemis]]).<ref name="Larson1997">{{Cite journal |last1=Larson|first1=Jennifer|year=1997|title=Handmaidens of Artemis?|journal=The Classical Journal|volume=92|issue=3|pages=249–257|jstor=3298110}}</ref>

The Greek nymphs were also spirits invariably bound to places, not unlike the Latin ''[[genius loci]]'', and sometimes this produced complicated myths like the cult of [[Arethusa (mythology)|Arethusa]] to Sicily. In some of the works of the Greek-educated [[Latin literature|Latin poets]], the nymphs gradually absorbed into their ranks the indigenous Italian divinities of springs and streams ([[Juturna]], [[Egeria (mythology)|Egeria]], [[Carmentis]], [[Fontus]]) while the [[Lympha]]e (originally Lumpae), Italian water goddesses, owing to the accidental similarity of their names, could be identified with the Greek Nymphae. The classical mythologies of the Roman poets were unlikely to have affected the rites and cults of individual nymphs venerated by country people in the springs and clefts of [[Latium]]. Among the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] literate class, their sphere of influence was restricted and they appear almost exclusively as divinities of the watery element.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

== Greek folk religion ==
The ancient Greek belief in nymphs survived in many parts of the country into the early years of the twentieth century when they were usually known as "[[nereids]]".<ref>{{cite book |last=Lawson |first=John Cuthbert |title=Modern Greek Folklore and Ancient Greek Religion |url=https://archive.org/details/moderngreekfolkl00laws |edition=1st |year=1910 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |page=[https://archive.org/details/moderngreekfolkl00laws/page/131 131]}}</ref> Nymphs often tended to frequent areas distant from humans but could be encountered by lone travelers outside the village, where their music might be heard, and the traveler could spy on their dancing or bathing in a stream or pool, either during the noon heat or in the middle of the night.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/1256865|title=Folklore of the Greeks in America|author=Lee, D. Demetracopoulou|year=1936|journal=Folklore|volume=47|issue=3|pages=294–310|doi=10.1080/0015587X.1936.9718647 |jstor=1256865 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> They might appear in a whirlwind. Such encounters could be dangerous, bringing dumbness, besotted infatuation, madness or stroke to the unfortunate man. When parents believed their child to be nereid-struck, they would pray to the Saint Artemidos ([[Artemis]]), an example of "practical polytheism in the worship of the saints."<ref>"Heathen Artemis yielded her functions to her own genitive case transformed into Saint Artemidos", as [[Terrot Reaveley Glover]] phrased it in discussing the "practical polytheism in the worship of the saints", in ''Progress in Religion to the Christian Era''
1922:107.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last = Tomkinson |first = John L. |title = Haunted Greece: Nymphs, Vampires and Other Exotika |edition = 1st |year = 2004 |publisher = Anagnosis |location = Athens |isbn = 978-960-88087-0-6 |pages= chapter 3 |no-pp = true}}</ref>

== Nymphs and fairies ==
Nymphs are often depicted in classic works across art, literature, mythology, and fiction. They are often associated with the [[medieval]] [[Chivalric romance|romances]] or [[Renaissance literature]] of the elusive [[fairy|fairies]] or [[elves]].<ref name="Kready1916">{{cite book |last=Kready |first=Laura|year=1916
|title=A Study of Fairy Tales |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |location=Boston|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/etc/sft/sft07.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author-link=Katharine Mary Briggs |last=Briggs |first=Katharine Mary |year=1976 |title=An Encyclopedia of Fairies |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoffa00brig |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=Pantheon Books |chapter=Euphemistic names for fairies |isbn=0-394-73467-X}}</ref>

== Sleeping nymph ==
[[File:Stourhead, Grotto, statue of a sleeping nymph.jpg|thumb|The statue of a sleeping nymph in a [[grotto]] at [[Stourhead]] gardens, England.]]
A motif that entered European art during the [[Renaissance]] was the idea of a statue of a nymph sleeping in a [[grotto]] or spring.<ref name="National Gallery of Art">{{cite web|title=The Nymph of the Spring|url=http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/art-object-page.43716.html|website=National Gallery of Art|access-date=23 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="Campbell2004">{{cite book|author=Stephen John Campbell|title=The Cabinet of Eros: Renaissance Mythological Painting and the Studiolo of Isabella D'Este|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z_GBq346SKIC&pg=PA95|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-11753-0|pages=95–6}}</ref><ref name="AinsworthWaterman2013">{{cite book|author1=Maryan Wynn Ainsworth|author2=Joshua P. Waterman|author3=Dorothy Mahon |title=German Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1350-1600|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MKkSBtJNBUwC&pg=PA95|year=2013|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=978-1-58839-487-3|pages=95–6}}</ref> This motif supposedly came from an Italian report of a Roman sculpture of a nymph at a fountain above the [[River Danube]].<ref name="Levenson(U.S.)1991">{{cite book|author1=Jay A. Levenson|author2=National Gallery of Art (U.S.)|title=Circa 1492: Art in the Age of Exploration|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wMK-Ba0-RG4C&pg=PA260|year=1991|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-05167-4|page=260}}</ref> The report, and an accompanying poem supposedly on the fountain describing the sleeping nymph, are now generally concluded to be a fifteenth-century [[forgery]], but the motif proved influential among artists and landscape gardeners for several centuries after, with copies seen at [[Neoclassicism|neoclassical]] gardens such as the grotto at [[Stourhead]].<ref name="Barkan1999">{{cite book|author=Leonard Barkan|title=Unearthing the Past: Archaeology and Aesthetics in the Making of Renaissance Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KPMHJVKLc74C&pg=PA237|year=1999|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-08911-0|pages=237–8}}</ref><ref name="MacDougall1994">{{cite book|author=Elisabeth B. MacDougall|title=Fountains, Statues, and Flowers: Studies in Italian Gardens of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xav4T6QU5n8C&pg=PA37|date=January 1994|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks|isbn=978-0-88402-216-9|pages=37–56}}</ref><ref name="Gross1992">{{cite book|author=Kenneth Gross|title=The Dream of the Moving Statue|url=https://archive.org/details/dreamofmovingsta00gros|url-access=registration|year=1992|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-2702-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dreamofmovingsta00gros/page/170 170]–175}}</ref>

== List ==
All the names for various classes of nymphs have plural feminine adjectives, most agreeing with the substantive numbers and groups of nymphai. There is no single adopted classification that could be seen as canonical and exhaustive.<ref name="Rose1959">{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Herbert Jennings |author-link=H. J. Rose |title=A Handbook of Greek Mythology |edition=1st |year=1959 |publisher=E. P. Dutton |location=New York |isbn=978-0-525-47041-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/handbookofgreekm00rose/page/173 173] |url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofgreekm00rose/page/173 }}</ref> Some classes of nymphs tend to overlap, which complicates the task of precise classification. e.g. [[Dryad|''dryads'']] and [[hamadryad|''hamadryads'']] as nymphs of trees generally, ''[[meliai]]'' as nymphs of [[ash tree]]s.<ref name="Rose1959"/> According to classicist Robin Hard, these terms "were hardly proper names at all, but feminine adjectives that could be assigned to the noun {{translit|grc|nymphē}} at will", adding that "[n]o orthodox or exhaustive classification of such beings was ever attempted, and ancient authors were often careless or arbitrary in the application of such titles".<ref>Hard, p. 210.</ref>

=== By dwelling or affinity ===
The following is not the authentic Greek classification, but is intended as a guide:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Type / Group / Individuals
!Location
!Relations and Notes
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Celestial nymphs'''
|-
|''[[Aura (mythology)|Aurae]]'' (breezes)
|
|also called Aetae or Pnoae,{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} daughters of [[Boreas (god)|Boreas]]<ref>[[Quintus Smyrnaeus]], 1.683 ff.</ref>
|-
| ''[[Hesperides]]'' (evening)
| rowspan="4" |Far West
|nymphs of the sunset, the West, and the evening; daughters of Atlas; also had attributes of the [[Hamadryads]]<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], 4.26.2</ref>
|-
|• [[Aegle (mythology)|Aegle]]
|
|-
|• [[Arethusa (mythology)|Arethusa]]
|
|-
|• [[Erytheia (mythology)|Erytheia]] (or Eratheis)
|mother of [[Eurytion]] by [[Ares]]<ref>[[Stesichorus]], ''Geryoneis'' Frag S8</ref>
|-
| [[Hyades (mythology)|''Hyades'']] (star cluster; sent rain)
| rowspan="2" |Boeotia (probably)
|daughters of Atlas by either [[Pleione (mythology)|Pleione]] or [[Aethra (Greek mythology)#Oceanid|Aethra]]<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' 192</ref>
|-
| [[Pleiades (Greek mythology)|''Pleiades'']]
|daughters of Atlas and Pleione;<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], 3.10.1</ref> constellation; also were classed as [[Oreads]]
|-
|• [[Maia]]
|Mt. Cyllene, Arcadia
|partner of [[Zeus]] and mother of Hermes<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' 938</ref>
|-
|• [[Electra (Pleiad)|Electra]]
|Mt. Saon, Samothrace
|mother of [[Dardanus (son of Zeus)|Dardanus]] and [[Iasion]] by Zeus<ref>Apollodorus, 3.12.1</ref>
|-
|• [[Taygete]]
|Taygetos Mts., Laconia
|mother of [[Lacedaemon (mythology)|Lacedaemon]] by Zeus<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' 155</ref>
|-
|• [[Alcyone (Pleiades)|Alcyone]]
|Mt. Cithaeron, Boeotia
|mother of [[Hyperes]] and [[Anthas]] by [[Poseidon]]<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], 2.30.8</ref>
|-
|• [[Celaeno]]
|Mt. Cithaeron, Boeotia or Euboea
|mother of [[Lycus (mythology)|Lycus]] and [[Nycteus]] by Poseidon<ref>Apollodorus, 3.10.1</ref>
|-
|• [[Sterope (Pleiad)|Asterope]]
|Pisa, Elis
|mother of Oenomaus by Ares<ref>Hyginus, ''[[Fabulae]]'' 84</ref>
|-
|• [[Merope (Pleiad)|Merope]]
|Corinth
|wife of Sisyphus and mother of Glaucus<ref>Hyginus, ''Astronomica'' 2.21</ref>
|-
|''[[Nephele]]'' (clouds)
|
|daughters of [[Oceanus]]<ref>[[Aristophanes]], ''Clouds'' 264</ref> and/or [[Tethys (mythology)|Tethys]]<ref>''Orphic Hymn'' 22</ref> or of [[Aether (mythology)|Aither]]<ref>Aristophanes, ''Clouds'' 563</ref>
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Land nymphs'''
|-
|[[Alseid|''Alseides'']] (groves)
|
|<ref>Homer, ''[[Iliad]]'' 20.4</ref>
|-
|[[Auloniad|''Auloniades'']] (valleys, see also Napaeae)
|
| <ref>Montanari, s.v. αὐλωνιάς, p. 338; ''[[Orphic Hymns]]'' 51.7 (Ricciardelli, pp. 134, 135).</ref>
|-
|''Leimonides'' (meadows)
|
|<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author=Malkin, Irad|year=2016|chapter=Nymphs|title=[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.4487}}</ref>
|-
|[[Napaeae|''Napaeae'']] (dells, see also Auloniades)
|
|<ref>Statius, ''Thebaid'' 9.385</ref>
|-
|''[[Oread]]s'' (mountains, grottoes)'', also Orodemniades''
|
|
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Wood and plant nymphs'''
|-
|''Anthousai'' (flower nymphs)
|
| <ref>[[Philostratus the Elder]], ''[[Imagines (work by Philostratus)|Imagines]]'' 2.11.</ref>
|-
|''[[Dryad]]es'' (trees)
|
|
|-
|''[[Hamadryad]]es'' or ''Hadryades''
|
|
|-
|'' [[Daphnaie|Daphnaeae]]'' ([[Bay Laurel|laurel]] tree)
|
|
|-
|'' [[Epimeliad]]es'' or ''Epimelides'' ([[apple]] tree; also protected flocks)
|
|other name variants include Meliades, Maliades and Hamameliades; same as these are also the Boucolai (Pastoral Nymphs)
|-
|'' Kissiae'' ([[ivy]])
|
|
|-
|'' [[Meliae]]'' (manna-[[ash tree]])
|
|born from the drops of blood that fell on [[Gaia (mythology)|Gaia]] when [[Cronus]] castrated [[Uranus (god)|Uranus]]<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' 182–187</ref>
|-
|''Hyleoroi'' (watchers of woods)
|
|
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Water nymphs''' (''Hydriades or Ephydriades'')
|-
|''Haliae'' (sea and seashores)
|
|
|-
|'' [[Nereid]]s''
|[[Mediterranean Sea]]
|50 daughters of [[Nereus]] and [[Doris (Oceanid)|Doris]]<ref>Hesiod, ''Theogony'' 240-262</ref>
|-
|''[[Naiad]]s, Naides'' (fresh water)
| rowspan="6" |
|
|-
|'' [[Crinaeae]]'' (fountains)
|
|-
|''3. [[Limnades]], [[Limnatides]]'' (lakes)
|
|-
|''4. [[Pegaeae]]'' (springs)
|
|-
|''5. [[Potameides]]'' (rivers)
|
|-
|''[[Oceanids]]''
|
|daughters of Oceanus and Tethys,<ref>Hesiod, ''Theogony'' 365–366</ref> any freshwater, typically clouds and rain. see [[List of Oceanids]]
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Underworld nymphs'''
|-
|• [[Orphne]]
| rowspan="3" |Hades
|is a representation of the darkness of the river [[Styx]], the river of hatred, but is not to be confused with the goddess Styx herself nor with [[Nyx]], goddess of night, despite being associated with both. She is the [[wikt:consort|consort]] of [[Acheron]], (the god of the river in Hades), and the mother of [[Ascalaphus]], (the [[orchardist]] of Hades).<ref>Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 5.539 ff</ref>
|-
|• [[Leuce (mythology)|Leuce]] ([[white poplar (disambiguation)|white poplar]] tree)
|daughter of Oceanus and lover of [[Hades]]<ref>[[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]], ''Commentary on [[Virgil|Virgil's]] [[Aeneid]]'' 7.61</ref>
|-
|• [[Melinoe]]
|[[Orphic]] nymph, daughter of [[Persephone]] and "Zeus disguised as [[Pluto (mythology)|Pluto]]".<ref>''Orphic Hymn'' 71</ref> Her name is a possible epithet of [[Hecate]].
|-
|• [[Minthe]] ([[mentha|mint]])
|Cocytus River
|probably a daughter of [[Cocytus]], lover of [[Hades]] and rival of [[Persephone]]<ref>[[Oppian]]'', Halieutica'' 3.485 ff</ref><ref>Strabo, 8.3.14</ref>
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Other nymphs'''
|-
|[[Lampad|''Lampades'']]
|
|torch bearers in the retinue of [[Hecate]]<ref>Scholia minora on [[Homer]]'s ''[[Iliad]]'', 6.21 [= [[Alcman]], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/alcman-fragments/1988/pb_LCL143.439.xml fr. 63 Campbell, pp. 438, 439] = fr. 63 ''[[Poetae Melici Graeci|PMG]]'' (Page, p. 53)].</ref>
|-
|''Hecaterides'' (rustic dance)
|
|daughters of [[Hecaterus]] by a daughter of Phoroneus; sisters of the [[Dactyls (mythology)|Dactyls]] and mothers of the Oreads and the [[Satyr]]s<ref>Strabo, 10.3.19</ref>
|-
|''Kabeirides''
|
|daughters of Cadmilus and sisters of the [[Cabeiri|Kabeiroi]]<ref>Acusilaus Frag as cited in Strabo, 10.3.21</ref> or of [[Hephaestus]] and [[Cabeiro]]<ref>Strabo, 10.3.21 citing [[Pherecydes of Athens|Pherecydes]]</ref>
|-
|''[[Maenads]]'' or ''Bacchai'' or ''Bacchantes''
|
|frenzied nymphs in the retinue of [[Dionysus]]
|-
|'' Lenai'' (wine-press)
|
|
|-
|''Limnakides''
|
|translated by Vian as "marsh nymphs" (''Nymphes des Marais''); older editions render their name as ''Limnaioi'' or ''Leimakides''<ref>Vian, commentary on line 646, p. 120; ''[[Orphic Argonautica]]'' 646 (Vian, p. 120).</ref>
|-
|'' Mimallones'' (music)
|
|
|-
|'' [[Thyia (naiad)|Thyia]]i'' or ''Thyiades'' ([[thyrsus]] bearers)
|
|
|-
|''Melissae'' (honey)
|
|likely a subgroup of Oreades or Epimelides
|}

=== By location ===
The following is a list of individual nymphs or groups thereof associated with this or that particular location. Nymphs in such groups could belong to any of the classes mentioned above (Naiades, Oreades, and so on).
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Groups and Individuals
!Location
!Relations and Notes
|-
|''Aeaean Nymphs''
|[[Aeaea]] Island
|handmaidens of [[Circe]]
|-
|''Aegaeides''
|Aegaeus River on the island of [[Scheria]]
|
|-
|''Aesepides''
| rowspan="2" |[[Aesepus]] River in [[Anatolia]]
|
|-
|• [[Abarbarea]]
|
|-
|''Acheloides''
| rowspan="2" |[[Achelous River]] in [[Acarnania]]
|
|-
|• [[Callirrhoe (daughter of Achelous)|Callirhoe]], second wife of [[Alcmaeon (mythology)|Alcmaeon]]
|
|-
|''Acmenes''
|Stadium in [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]], [[Ancient Elis|Elis]]
|
|-
|''[[Amnisiades]]''
|[[Amnisos]] River on the island of [[Crete]]
|entered the retinue of [[Artemis]]
|-
|''[[Anigrides]]''
|Anigros River in [[Ancient Elis|Elis]]
|believed to cure skin diseases
|-
|''[[Asopides]]''
|[[Asopus]] River in [[Sicyonia]] and [[Boeotia]]
|
|-
|• [[Aegina (mythology)|Aegina]]
|Island of [[Aegina]]
|mother of [[Menoetius (mythology)|Menoetius]] by [[Actor (mythology)|Actor]], and [[Aeacus]] by Zeus
|-
|• [[Asopis]]
|
|
|-
|• [[Chalcis (mythology)|Chalcis]]
|[[Chalcis]], [[Euboea]]
|regarded as the mother of the [[Curetes (tribe)|Curetes]] and [[Korybantes|Corybantes]]; perhaps the same as Combe and Euboea
|-
|• [[Cleone (mythology)|Cleone]]
|[[Archaies Kleones|Cleonae]], Argos
|one of the daughters of [[Asopus]]
|-
|• [[Combe (mythology)|Combe]]
|Island of Euboea
|consort of [[Socus]] and mother by him of the seven Corybantes
|-
|• [[Corcyra (mythology)|Corcyra]]
|Island of [[Corfu|Corcyra]]
|mother of [[Phaiax]] by Poseidon
|-
|• [[Euboea (mythology)|Euboea]]
|Island of Euboea
|abducted by Poseidon; perhaps the same as Chalcis and Combe above
|-
|• [[Harpina]]
|Pisa, Elis
|mother of [[Oenomaus]] by [[Ares]]
|-
|• [[Ismene (daughter of Asopus)|Ismene]]
|Ismenian spring of [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], Boeotia
|wife of [[Argus (king of Argos)|Argus]], eponymous king of Argus and thus, mother of [[Argus Panoptes]] and [[Iasus (king of Argos)|Iasus]].
|-
|• [[Nemea (mythology)|Nemea]]
|[[Nemea]], [[Argolis]]
|others called her the daughter of Zeus and [[Selene]]
|-
|• [[Oeroe]] or [[Plataea (mythology)|Plataia]]
|[[Plataea]], Boeotia
|carried off by Zeus
|-
|• [[Ornea]]
|Ornia, Sicyon
|
|-
|• [[Pirene (mythology)|Peirene]]
|[[Corinth]]
|others called her father to be [[Oebalus]] or [[Achelous]] by Poseidon she became the mother of [[Lecheas]] and Cenchrias
|-
|• [[Salamis (mythology)|Salamis]]
|Island of [[Salamis Island|Salamis]]
|mother of [[Cychreus (mythology)|Cychreus]] by Poseidon
|-
|• [[Sinope (mythology)|Sinope]]
|[[Sinop, Turkey|Sinope]], [[Anatolia]]
|mother of [[Syrus]] by [[Apollo]]
|-
|• [[Tanagra (mythology)|Tanagra]]
|[[Tanagra]], Boeotia
|mother of [[Leucippus (mythology)|Leucippus]] and Ephippus by [[Poemander (mythology)|Poemander]]
|-
|• [[List of mythological figures named Thebe|Thebe]]
|Thebes, Boeotia
|wife of [[Amphion and Zethus|Zethus]] and also said to have consorted with Zeus
|-
|• [[Thespia (mythology)|Thespeia]]
|[[Thespiae|Thespia]], Boeotia
|abducted by Apollo
|-
|''Astakides''
|Lake Astacus, [[Bithynia]]
|appeared in the myth of [[Nicaea (mythology)|Nicaea]]
|-
|• [[Nicaea (mythology)|Nicaea]]
|Nicaea, Bithynia
|
|-
|''Asterionides''
| rowspan="4" |[[Asterion (god)|Asterion River]], [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]]
|daughters of the river god [[Asterion (god)|Asterion]]; nurses of the infant goddess [[Hera]]
|-
|• [[Acraea]]
|
|-
|• [[Euboea (mythology)|Euboea]]
|
|-
|• [[Prosymna (mythology)|Prosymna]]
|
|-
|''Carian Naiades ([[Caria]])''
|Caria
|
|-
|• [[Salmacis]]
|Halicarnassus, Caria
|
|-
|''Nymphs of [[Ceos]]''
|Island of Ceos
|
|-
|''[[Corycian|Corycian Nymphs]] ([[Corycian Cave]])''
|[[Corycian Cave|Corycian cave]], [[Delphi]], [[Phocis (ancient region)|Phocis]]
|daughters of the river god [[Pleistos]]
|-
|• [[Kleodora]] (or Cleodora)
|[[Mount Parnassus|Mt. Parnassus]], Phocis
|mother of Parnassus by Poseidon
|-
|• [[Corycia]]
|Corycian cave, Delphi, Phocis
|mother of [[Lycoreus]] by [[Apollo]]
|-
|• [[Daphnis (mythology)|Daphnis]]
|[[Mount Parnassus|Mt. Parnassus]], Phocis
|
|-
|• [[Melaina]]
| Dephi, Phocis
|mother of [[Delphus|Delphos]] by [[Apollo]]
|-
|''Cydnides''
|River [[Cydnus]] in [[Cilicia]]
|
|-
|''Cyrenaean Nymphs''
|City of [[Cyrene, Libya]]
|
|-
|''Cypriae Nymphs''
|Island of [[Cyprus]]
|
|-
|''Cyrtonian Nymphs''
|Town of Cyrtone, [[Boeotia]]
|Κυρτωνιαι
|-
|''[[Deliades]]''
|Island of [[Delos]]
|daughters of [[Inopus]], god of the river Inopus
|-
|''Dodonides''
|Oracle at [[Dodona]]
|
|-
|''Erasinides''
| rowspan="5" |Erasinos River, Argos
|daughters of the river god [[Erasinos]]; attendants of the goddess [[Britomartis]].
|-
|• [[Anchiroe (mythology)|Anchiroe]]
|
|-
|• Byze
|
|-
|• [[Maera (mythology)|Maera]]
|
|-
|• [[Melite (Greek mythology)|Melite]]
|
|-
|''Nymphs of the river [[Granicus River|Granicus]]''
| rowspan="3" |River Granicus
|daughters of the river-god Granicus
|-
|• [[Alexirrhoe|Alexirhoe]]
|mother of Aesacus by Priam
|-
|• [[Pegasis (mythology)|Pegasis]]
|mother of Atymnios by Emathion
|-
|''[[Heliades]]''
|River [[Eridanos (mythology)|Eridanos]]
|daughters of [[Helios]] who were changed into trees
|-
|''Himeriai Naiades''
|Local springs at the town of [[Himera]], [[Sicily]]
|
|-
|''Hydaspides''
|[[Jhelum River|Hydaspers River]], India
|nurses of infant [[Zagreus]]
|-
|''Idaean Nymphs''
| rowspan="3" |[[Mount Ida (Crete)|Mount Ida]], Crete
|nurses of infant [[Zeus]]
|-
|• [[Ida (mythology)|Ida]]
|
|-
|• [[Adrasteia]]
|
|-
|''Inachides''
| rowspan="7" |[[Inachos (river)|Inachos River]], Argos
|daughters of the river god [[Inachus]]
|-
|• [[Io (mythology)|Io]]
|mother of [[Epaphus]] by Zeus
|-
|• [[Amymone]]
|
|-
|• [[Philodice (mythology)|Philodice]]
|wife of [[Leucippus (mythology)|Leucippus]] of [[Messenia]] by whom she became the mother of [[Hilaeira]], [[Phoebe (mythological characters)|Phoebe]] and possibly [[Arsinoe (Greek mythology)|Arsinoe]]
|-
|• [[Messeis]]
|
|-
|• [[Hyperia (mythology)|Hyperia]]
|
|-
|• [[Mycene (mythology)|Mycene]]
|wife of [[Arestor]] and by him probably the mother of [[Argus Panoptes]]; eponym of [[Mycenae]]
|-
|''[[Ionides]]''
| rowspan="5" |[[Water deity|Kytheros]] River in [[Ancient Elis|Elis]]
|daughters of the river god Cytherus
|-
|• [[Calliphaea]]
|
|-
|• [[Iasis]]
|
|-
|• [[Pegaea (mythology)|Pegaea]]
|
|-
|• [[Synallaxis (mythology)|Synallaxis]]
|
|-
|''Ithacian Nymphs''
|Local springs and caves on the island of [[Homer's Ithaca|Ithaca]]
|
|-
|''Ladonides''
|[[Ladon (river)|Ladon]] River
|
|-
|''Lamides or Lamusides''
|[[Lamos (Cilicia)|Lamos River]] in [[Cilicia]]
|possible nurses of infant [[Dionysus]]
|-
|''Leibethrides''
|Mounts [[Mount Helicon|Helicon]] and Leibethrios in [[Boeotia]]; or Mount Leibethros in [[Thrace]])
|
|-
|• [[Libethrias]]
|
|
|-
|• [[Petra (mythology)|Petra]]
|
|
|-
|''Lelegeides''
|[[Lycia]], [[Anatolia]]
|
|-
|''Lycaean Nymphs''
|Mount [[Lycaeus]]
|nurses of infant Zeus, perhaps a subgroup of the Oceanides
|-
|''Melian Nymphs''
|Island of [[Melos]]
|transformed into frogs by Zeus; not to be confused with the Meliae (ash tree nymphs
|-
|''Mycalessides''
|Mount [[Mycale]] in [[Caria]], [[Anatolia]]
|
|-
|''Mysian Nymphs''
| rowspan="4" |Spring of Pegai near Lake Askanios in [[Bithynia]]
|who abducted [[Hylas]]
|-
|• [[Euneica]]
|
|-
|• [[Malis (mythology)|Malis]]
|
|-
|• [[Nycheia]]
|
|-
|''Naxian Nymphs''
| rowspan="4" |Mount Drios on the island of [[Naxos (island)|Naxos]]
|nurses of infant Dionysus; were syncretized with the [[Hyades (mythology)|Hyades]]
|-
|• [[Cleide]]
|
|-
|• [[Coronis (mythology)|Coronis]]
|
|-
|• [[Philia (mythology)|Philia]]
|
|-
|''Neaerides''
|[[Thrinacia]] Island
|daughters of [[Helios]] and [[Neaera (consort of Helios)|Neaera]], watched over Helios' cattle
|-
|''Nymphaeides''
|Nymphaeus River in [[Paphlagonia]]
|
|-
|''[[Nysiads]]''
|Mount [[Nysa (mythology)|Nysa]]
|nurses of infant [[Dionysos]], identified with [[Hyades (mythology)|Hyades]]
|-
|''Ogygian Nymphs''
|Island of [[Ogygia]]
|four handmaidens of [[Calypso (mythology)|Calypso]]
|-
|''Ortygian Nymphs''
|Local springs of [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], [[Sicily]]
|named for the island of [[Ortygia]]
|-
|''Othreides''
|Mount [[Othrys]]
|a local group of [[Hamadryads]]
|-
|''Pactolides''
| rowspan="2" |[[Pactolus]] River
|
|-
|• [[Euryanassa]]
|wife of [[Tantalus]]
|-
|''Pelionides''
|Mount [[Pelion]]
|nurses of the [[Centaur]]s
|-
|''Phaethonides''
|
|a synonym for the [[Heliades]]
|-
|''Phaseides''
|[[Rioni River|Phasis]] River
|
|-
|''Rhyndacides''
|[[Rhyndacus River]] in [[Mysia]]
|daughters of the river god [[Rhyndacus]]
|-
|''Sithnides''
|Fountain at the town of [[Megara]]
|
|-
|''Spercheides''
|River [[Spercheios]]
|one of them, Diopatra, was loved by [[Poseidon]] and the others were changed by him into trees
|-
|''Sphragitides, or Cithaeronides''
|Mount [[Cithaeron]]
|
|-
|''Tagids, Tajids, Thaejids or Thaegids''
|River Tagus in Portugal and Spain
|
|-
|''Thessalides''
|[[Pineios (Thessaly)|Peneus River]] in [[Thessaly]]
|
|-
|''[[Thriae]]''
|Mount [[Parnassos]]
|prophets and nurses of [[Apollo]]
|-
|''Trojan Nymphs''
|Local springs of [[Troy]]
|
|}

=== Others ===
The following is a selection of names of the nymphs whose class was not specified in the source texts. For lists of Naiads, Oceanids, Dryades etc., see respective articles.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Individual names of some of the nymphs
!Names
!Location
!Relations and Notes
|-
|[[Alphesiboea]]
|India
|loved by Dionysus<ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''De fluviis'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ps.+Plut.+Fluv.+24&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0400 24]</ref>
|-
|[[Aora (mythology)|Aora]]
| rowspan="2" |Crete
|[[eponym]] of the town Aoros in [[Crete]]<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''Ethnica'' s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#A154.3 Aōros]''</ref>
|-
|[[Areia (mythology)|Areia]]
|daughter of [[Cleochus]] and mother of [[Miletus]] by Apollo<ref name="Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3. 1. 2">Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.1.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=1&highlight=Aria 3.1.2]</ref>
|-
|[[Axioche]] or [[Danais (mythology)|Danais]]
|Elis
|mother of [[Chrysippus (mythology)|Chrysippus]] by [[Pelops]]<ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Euripides]], ''Orestes'', 4; on [[Pindar]], ''Olympian Ode'' 1.144</ref><ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Parallela minora'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0219%3Asection%3D33 33]</ref>
|-
|[[Brettia]]
|Mysia
|eponym of Abrettene, [[Mysia]]<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#A8.18 Abrettēnē]''</ref>
|-
|[[Brisa (mythology)|Brisa]]
|
|brought up the god Dionysus<ref>Schol. ad ''Pers. Sat. i. 76.''</ref>
|-
|[[Calybe]]
|Troy
|mother of [[Bucolion]], [[Laomedon]]<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.12.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=12&highlight=Calybe 3.12.3]</ref>
|-
|[[Carmenta|Carmentis]] or Carmenta
|[[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]]
|She had a son with [[Hermes]], called [[Evander of Pallene|Evander]]. Her son was the founder of [[Pallantium]], one of the cities that was merged later into [[ancient Rome]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities, 2.1 |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.31.1}}</ref>
|-
|[[Chalcea]]
|
|mother of Olympus by Zeus<ref name="autogenerated1">[[Pseudo-Clement]], ''[[Clementine Recognitions|Recognitions]]'' 10.21–23</ref>
|-
|[[Chania (mythology)|Chania]]
|
|a lover of [[Heracles]]
|-
|[[Chariclo]]
|Thebes
|mother of [[Tiresias]] by [[Everes (mythology)|Everes]]<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.6.7&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=6&highlight=Chariclo 3.6.7]</ref>
|-
|Charidia
|
|mother of [[Alchanus]] by Zeus<ref name="autogenerated1"/>
|-
|[[Chryse (mythology)|Chryse]]
|[[Lemnos]]
|fell in love with [[Philoctetes]]<ref>[[Sophocles]], ''[[Philoctetes (Sophocles play)|Philoctetes]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0194%3Acard%3D1314:highlight 1327]</ref>
|-
|[[Cirrha]]
|Phocis
|eponym of [[Crissa|Cirrha]] in [[Phocis]]<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+10.37.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=10:chapter=37&highlight=Cirrha 10.37.5]</ref>
|-
|[[Clymene (mythology)|Clymene]]
|
|mother of Tlesimenes by [[Parthenopaeus]]<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#71 71]</ref>
|-
|[[Cretheis (mythology)|Cretheis]]
|
|briefly mentioned in [[Suda]]<ref>[[Suda|Suida]], s.v. ''Kretheus''</ref>
|-
|[[Crimisa (mythology)|Crimisa]]
|Italy
|eponym of [[Krimisa|a city]] in Italy<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#K385.1 Krimisa]''</ref>
|-
|[[Deiopea (mythology)|Deiopea]]
|
|one of [[Hera|Hera's]] nymphs who was promised to [[Aeolus (Odyssey)|Aeolus]]<ref>[[Virgil]], ''[[Aeneid]]'' 1.71-75</ref>
|-
|[[Dodone (mythology)|Dodone]]
|[[Dodona]]
|eponym of Dodona<ref>Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#D246.6 Dodone]''</ref>
|-
|[[Echemeia]]
|Cos
|spelled "Ethemea" by [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], consort of [[Merops (mythology)|Merops]]<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Astronomica'' [https://topostext.org/work/207#2.16.2 2.16.2]</ref>
|-
|[[Eidothea (Greek myth)|Eidothea]]
|[[Mount Othrys|Mt. Othrys]]
|mother by Eusiros of [[Cerambus]]<ref>[[Antoninus Liberalis]], 22 vs ''Cerambus''</ref>
|-
|[[Eunoë]]
|Phrygia
|possible mother of [[Hecuba]] by [[Dymas of Phrygia|Dymas]]<ref>Scholia on Homer's ''Iliad'' 16. 718 with [[Pherecydes of Athens|Pherecydes]] as the authority</ref>
|-
|[[Eunoste]]
|Boeotia ''(possibly)''
|nurse of [[Eunostus (hero)|Eunostus]]<ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Quaestiones Graecae'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0215%3Asection%3D40 40]</ref>
|-
|[[Euryte]]
|Athens
|mother of [[Halirrhothius]] by Poseidon<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.14.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=14&highlight=Euryte 3.14.2]</ref>
|-
|[[Harmonia (nymph)|Harmonia]]
|Akmonian Wood, near [[Themiscyra (Pontus)|Themiscyra]]
|mother of the [[Amazons]] by [[Ares]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica, Book 2 |url=http://www.theoi.com/Olympios/AresFamily.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ARGONAUTICA BOOK 2 |url=http://sacred-texts.com/cla/argo/argo23.htm}}</ref>
|-
|[[Hegetoria]]
|[[Rhodes]]
|consort of [[Ochimus]]<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#57.7 5.57.7]</ref>
|-
|[[Hemera (Greek myth)|Hemera]]
|
|mother of Iasion by Zeus
|-
|[[Himalia (mythology)|Himalia]]
|Rhodes
|mother of [[Cronius (mythology)|Cronius]], [[Spartaeus (mythology)|Spartaios]], and [[Cytus (mythology)|Cytos]] by Zeus<ref>Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#55.5 5.55.5]</ref>
|-
|[[Hyale (mythology)|Hyale]]
|
|belongs to the train of Artemis<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028%3Abook%3D3%3Acard%3D138 3.155]</ref>
|-
|Hyllis
|[[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]]
|possible eponym of the tribe Hylleis and the city Hylle<ref>Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#Y647.2 Hylleis]''</ref>
|-
|[[Idaea]]
|Crete
|mother of Cres<ref>Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#K383.21 Krētē]''</ref> and Asterion<ref name="autogenerated1" /> by Zeus
|-
|[[Idaea of Troad|Idaea]]
|Mt. Ida, Troad
|mother of [[Teucer]] by [[Scamander]]<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D3%3Achapter%3D12%3Asection%3D1 3.12.1]</ref>
|-
|[[Ithome (mythology)|Ithome]]
|Messenia
|one of the nurses of Zeus<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+4.+33.+1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=4:chapter=33&highlight=Ithome 4.33.1]</ref>
|-
|[[Laodice (Greek myth)|Laodice]]
|Argolis ''(possibly)''
|mother of Apis by [[Phoroneus]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}
|-
|[[Leucophryne (mythology)|Leucophryne]]
|Magnesia ''(possibly)''
|priestess of Artemis Leucophryne
|-
|[[Lotis (mythology)|Lotis]]
|
|pursued by Priapus and was changed into a tree that bears her name<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Fasti (poem)|Fasti]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/143#1.415 1.416] & [https://topostext.org/work/143#1.415 1.423]; ''[[Metamorphoses]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Met.+9&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028 9.347]</ref>
|-
|[[Ma (nymph)|Ma]]
|
|nymph in the suite of Rhea who nursed Zeus
|-
|[[Melanippe]]
|Attica ''(possibly)''
|married [[Itonus]], son of [[Amphictyon]]<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.+1.+1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=9:chapter=1&highlight=Melanippe 9.1.1]</ref>
|-
|[[Melissa]]
|Crete
|nurse of Zeus<ref>[[Lactantius]], ''[[The Divine Institutes|Divine Institutes]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/543#1.22.3 1.22.3]</ref>
|-
|[[Mendeis]]
|Thrace
|consort of [[Sithon (mythology)|Sithon]]<ref name="Conon, Narrations, 10">[[Conon (mythographer)|Conon]], ''Narrations'' 10</ref>
|-
|[[Menodice]]
|
|daughter of Orion and mother of [[Hylas]] by [[Theiodamas]]<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.2 14]</ref>
|-
|[[Methone (Greek myth)|Methone]]
|Pieria
|mother of [[Oeagrus]] by King [[Pierus of Emathia]]<ref>''[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/348/348-h/348-h.htm#link2H_4_0021 Of the Origin of Homer and Hesiod and their Contest, Fragment 1.]'' Translated by Evelyn-White.</ref>
|-
|[[Myrmex (mythology)|Myrmex]]
|Attica
|beloved companion of [[Athena]] whom she turned into an ant<ref>[[William Smith (lexicographer)|William Smith]]. ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology|A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology]]'' s.v. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=myrmex-bio-1&highlight=myrmex Myrmex]</ref>
|-
|[[Nacole]]
|Phrygia
|eponym of Nacoleia in Phrygia<ref>Suida, s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/240#nu.19 Nakoleia]''</ref>
|-
|[[Neaera (consort of Helios)|Neaera]]
|Thrinacia
|mother of Lampetia and Phaethusa by Helios<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' 12.133 ff</ref>
|-
|Neaera
|
|mother of Aegle by Zeus{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
|-
|Neaera
|Lydia
|mother of [[Dresaeus]] by [[Theiodamas]]<ref>[[Quintus Smyrnaeus]], 1.290–291</ref>
|-
|[[Nymphe (mythology)|Nymphe]]
|Samothrace
|mother of [[Saon (mythology)|Saon]] by Zeus<ref name="Dionysius2">[[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]], ''Antiquitates Romanae'' [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/1C*.html#61.3 1.61.3]</ref>
|-
|[[Oeneis (mythology)|Oeneis]]
|
|mother of Pan by Hermes<ref>Scholiast ad [[Theocritus]], 1.3</ref>
|-
|[[Oenoe (mythology)|Oinoie]]
|Sicinus
|mother of [[Sicinus (mythology)|Sicinus]] by [[Thoas (king of Lemnos)|Thoas]]<ref>[[Apollonius Rhodius]], ''[[Argonautica]]'' 1.620 ff with scholia on 1.623</ref>
|-
|[[Olbia (mythology)|Olbia]]
|Bithynia
|mother of [[Astacus (mythology)|Astacus]] by Poseidon<ref>Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#A137.14 Astakos]''</ref>
|-
|[[Paphia (mythology)|Paphia]]
|
|possibly the mother of [[Cinyras]] by [[Eurymedon (mythology)|Eurymedon]]<ref>Scholia on [[Pindar]], ''Pythian Ode'' 2.28</ref>
|-
|[[Pareia]]
|Paros
|mother of four sons by [[Minos]]<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.1.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=1&highlight=Paria 3.1.2]</ref>
|-
|[[Polydora]]
|
|one of the [[Danaïdes]]<ref>[[Antoninus Liberalis]], [https://topostext.org/work/216#32 32]</ref>
|-
|[[Pyronia (mythology)|Pyronia]]
|
|mother of Iasion by Minos
|-
|[[Psalacantha]]
|Icaria
|changed into a plant by Dionysus<ref>[[Ptolemy Hephaestion]], ''New History'' 5 in [[Photius]], ''Myrobiblion'' 190</ref>
|-
|[[Rhene (mythology)|Rhene]]
|Mt. Cyllene, Arcadia
|consorted with [[Oileus]]<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 2.728</ref>
|-
|[[Semystra (nymph)|Semestra]]
|Thrace
|nurse of [[Keroessa]]<ref name="Dionysius of Byzantium">{{cite web| url = https://topostext.org/work/619#24| title = Dionysius of Byzantium, Anaplous of the Bosporos, §24}}</ref>
|-
|[[Teledice]]
|Argolis ''(possibly)''
|a consort of Phoroneus<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.1.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=2:chapter=1&highlight=Teledice 2.1.1]
</ref>
|-
|[[Thalia (nymph)|Thalia]]
|Sicily
|mother of the [[Palici]] by Zeus<ref>[[Macrobius]], ''Saturnalia'' 5.19.15</ref>
|-
|[[Thisbe (mythology)|Thisbe]]
|Boeotia
|eponym of the town of Thisbe<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.32.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=9:chapter=3&highlight=Thisbe 9.32.3]</ref>
|-
|[[Tithorea (mythology)|Tithorea]]
|Mt. Parnassus, Phocis
|eponym of the town of Tithorea (previously called Neon)<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+10.+32.+9&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=10:chapter=39&highlight=Tithorea 10.32.9]</ref>
|}

===In non-Greek tales influenced by Greek mythology===
* Sabrina (the [[river Severn]])
* Tágides ([[Tagus]] River)

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Hylas Saint-Romain-en Gal 07 2011.jpg|[[Hylas]] and [[nymphs]] from a mosaic in [[Roman Gaul]] (3rd century)
File:Sátiro y ninfa..JPG|''Fight between Nymph and [[Satyr]]'', [[Naples National Archaeological Museum]]
File:Lucas Cranach d.Ä. - Ruhende Quellnymphe (Washington, D.C.).jpg|''The Nymph of the Spring''<br />by [[Lucas Cranach the Elder]]<br />[[National Gallery of Art]]<br />({{Circa|1537}})
File:Nymphe et satyr - Nicolas Poussin - Musée Pouchkine Moscou.jpg|Nymphe and Satyr by [[Nicolas Poussin]] - [[Pushkin Museum]], [[Moscow]] (between 1626 and 1628)
File:Sleepingnymph.jpg|''A Sleeping Nymph Watched by a Shepherd'' by [[Angelica Kauffman]] (about 1780, V&A Museum no. 23–1886)
File:Makovsky - satyr-and-nymph.jpg|''Satyr and nymph'' by [[Konstantin Makovsky]] (1864)
File:Nymphs and Satyr, by William-Adolphe Bouguereau.jpg|''[[Nymphs and Satyr]]'' by [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]] (1873)
File:Pleiades by Elihu Vedder.jpg|''[[Pleiades (Greek mythology)|The Pleiades]]'' by [[Elihu Vedder]] (1885)
File:Nymphe, by Luis Ricardo Falero.jpg|''A [[naiad]]'' by [[Luis Ricardo Falero]] (1892)
File:Adolf Hiremy-Hirschl, Die Seelen des Acheron.jpg|''The Souls of [[Acheron]]'' by [[Adolf Hirémy-Hirschl]] (1898)
File:Bildplatte Oreade.jpg|Young [[oread]], on German porcelain plate (late 19th century)
File:Sir Edward John Poynter — Cave of the Storm Nymphs.jpg|''[[The Cave of the Storm Nymphs]]'' by [[Sir Edward John Poynter]] (1903)
File:Echo and Narcissus by John William Waterhouse.jpg|[[Echo (mythology)|Echo]], an [[Oread]] (mountain nymph) watches [[Narcissus (mythology)|Narcissus]] in this 1903 painting of ''[[Echo and Narcissus (Waterhouse painting)|Echo and Narcissus]]'' by [[John William Waterhouse]]
File:Nymph with morning glory flowers.jpg|''Nymph with morning glory flowers'' by [[Jules Joseph Lefebvre]]
File:La Nymphe de la Foret.jpg|''La Nymphe de la Foret'' by [[Guillaume Seignac]]
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Div col}}
* [[Animism]]
* [[Apsaras]]
* [[Dryad]]
* [[Fairy]]
* [[Houri]]
* [[Kami]]
* [[Mimi (folklore)|Mimi]]
* [[Naiad]]
* [[Nereid]]
* [[Nunnehi]]
* [[Nymphaeum]]
* [[Pitsa panels]]
* [[Plant soul]]
* [[Rå]]
* [[Xian (Taoism)|Xian]]
* [[Vila (fairy)|Vila]]
* [[Yakshini]]
* [[Zana (mythology)|Zana]]
* [[List of Greek deities]]
{{Div col end}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
* {{cite book|last=Burkert|first=Walter|author-link=Walter Burkert|title=Greek Religion|edition=1st|year=1985|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, MA|isbn=978-0-674-36281-9}}
* ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. Antiquity, Volume 9'', Mini &ndash; Obe, edited by Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider, Brill, 2006. {{ISBN|9004122729}}.
* Campbell, David A., ''Greek Lyric, Volume II: Anacreon, Anacreontea, Choral Lyric from Olympus to Alcman'', [[Loeb Classical Library]] No. 143, Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]], 1988. {{ISBN|978-0-674-99158-3}}. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL143/1988/volume.xml Online version at Harvard University Press]. [https://archive.org/details/greeklyric0002unse/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* {{cite book|last=Grimal |first=Pierre |title=The Dictionary of Classical Mythology |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-631-20102-1}}
* Hard, Robin, ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"'', London and New York, Routledge, 2004. {{ISBN|020344633X}}. {{doi|10.4324/9780203446331}}.
* {{cite book|last=Larson|first=Jennifer|title=Greek Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=New York|year=2001|isbn=978-0-19-514465-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Lawson|first=John Cuthbert|date=1910|title=Modern Greek Folklore and Ancient Greek Religion|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=131}}
* Montanari, Franco, ''The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek'', edited by Madeleine Goh and Chad Schroeder, Leiden, Brill, 2015. {{ISBN|978-90-04-19318-5}}.
* [[Denys Page|Page, Denys Lionel, Sir]], ''Poetae Melici Graeci'', Oxford University Press, 1962. {{ISBN|978-0-198-14333-8}}.
* [[Philostratus the Elder]], ''[[Imagines (work by Philostratus)|Imagines]]'', in ''Philostratus the Elder, Imagines. Philostratus the Younger, Imagines. Callistratus, Descriptions'', translated by [[Arthur Fairbanks]], [[Loeb Classical Library]] No. 256, Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]], 1931. {{ISBN|978-06-749-9282-5}}. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL256/1931/volume.xml Harvard University Press].
* Ricciardelli, Gabriella, ''Inni Orfici'', Fondazione Lorenzo Valla, 2000. {{ISBN|978-8-804-47661-0}}.
* {{cite book|last=Tomkinson|first=John L.|title=Haunted Greece: Nymphs, Vampires and Other Exotika|edition=1st|year=2004|publisher=Anagnosis|location=Athens|isbn=978-960-88087-0-6}}
* Vian, Francis, ''Les Argonautiques orphiques'', ''[[Collection Budé]]'', Paris, [[Les Belles Lettres]], 2003. {{ISBN|978-2-251-00389-4}}.

==External links==
* [https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-000154 The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Nymphs)]
* {{wiktionary-inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}
{{Greek religion}}
{{Fairies}}
{{Fantasy fiction}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Nymphs| ]]
[[Category:Elementals]]
[[Category:Greek legendary creatures]]