View source for Vincentio Saviolo

{{short description|Italian author on fencing in English}}
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[[File:Vincentio Saviolo, His Practice.jpg|thumb|The title page from ''Vincentio Saviolo, His Practise'', Saviolo's fencing handbook published in 1595.]]

[[Fencing master]] '''Vincentio Saviolo''' (d. 1598/9), though [[Italy|Italian]] born and raised, authored one of the first books on fencing to be available in the English language.

Saviolo was born in Padua.<ref>Saviolo writes, “At Padua where I was borne” ''Vincentio Saviolo his Practise''. (London
1595) p.152R</ref> He arrived in London at an unknown date and is first noted as being in England in 1589 when Richard Jones obtained a licence to publish his "Book of Honour".<ref>Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney Lee. ''The Dictionary of National Biography''.
Volume 17, ,
1967-68 p. 866.</ref> In 1591 [[John Florio]] described Saviolo's fencing school as being "in the little street where the well is...at the sign of the red Lyon."<ref>John Florio, ''Second Frutes''. New York, 1977
(originally published 1591) p. 117</ref> It was described by the English gentleman and fencing writer [[George Silver]] as being  "within a bow shot" of what was later the [[Bell Savage Inn|Bell Savage]] or [[Bell Savage Inn|la Belle Sauvage]], at this time "[[Bell Savage Inn|Savage's inn]], otherwise called the [[Bell Savage Inn|Bell on the Hoop]]" ('' Inns and Taverns of Old London'' by Henry C. Shelley, 1909), on Ludgate Hill. Saviolo's particular nemesis was this George Silver, who wrote his own book in 1599 to defend traditional English Swordsmanship against the encroachment of Italian rapier fencing and in doing so launched a vociferous attack on Saviolo and his system.<ref>George Silver, ''Paradoxes of Defence'' (
1599)</ref> Silver recounts how Saviolo's associate Jeronimo was killed in a sword fight by an Englishman known only as Cheese, but omits details of Saviolo's death (merely stating that he was dead by the time his own book was published in 1599).<ref>George Silver, ''Paradoxes of Defence'' (
1599) p.72</ref> This suggests that Saviolo did not die at the hands of another swordsman.

Throughout the 16th century, handbooks became increasingly popular. In 1595, John Wolfe printed ''Vincentio Saviolo, his practise, in two bookes, the first intreating of the use of the Rapier and Dagger, the second of Honor and honorable quarrels'' in London''.'' The first part of this work was written as a conversation between Saviolo and an imaginary student (a structure common in 16th-century handbooks). This part undertakes to instruct in the [[rapier]] and dagger [[fencing]] techniques of Saviolo's day. Saviolo did not teach the [[lunge (fencing)|lunge]], rather recommending circular movement around the opponent in the manner of contemporary Spanish rapier fencers.<ref>Stephen Hand and Ramon Martinez, ''Spanish Influence in the rapier play of Vincentio Saviolo'' in Stephen Hand (editor) SPADA Vol I (San Francisco 2002)</ref> The second part, ''Of Honor and Honorable Quarrels,'' deals with dueling etiquette''.'' Much of the material comes from the works of ''[[Girolamo Muzio]],'' written in 1558''.<ref>Ferington, Esther. ''Infinite Variety''. 2002. Pp. 113.</ref>''

== Modern Reconstruction ==
Despite being written in English, Saviolo's system has not proved as popular to those reconstructing historical rapier fencing as some other systems (such as the Italian rapier fencing systems of [[Salvator Fabris]], [[Nicoletto Giganti]] and [[Ridolfo Capo Ferro]]. An early exponent of Saviolo's system was Stephen Hand of the [http://www.stoccata.org/ Stoccata School of Defence] in Australia who published annotated transcriptions of Saviolo's first book in the periodical ''Hammerterz Forum'' in the late 1990s<ref>Hand, Stephen 1997, ''Saviolo, His Annotated Practice'' in ''Hammerterz Forum - Association for Renaissance Martial Arts'', Vol. 3 (4) & Vol. 4 (1) pp. 32-36
, Hand, Stephen 1998, ''The Practical Saviolo, Part II'' in Hammerterz Forum Vol. 4 (2) pp. 15-19
, Hand, Stephen 1998, ''The Practical Saviolo, Part III'' in Hammerterz Forum Vol. 4 (3&4) pp. 13-18
, Hand, Stephen 1998, ''The Practical Saviolo, Part IV'' in Hammerterz Forum Vol. 5 (1) pp. 15-20
, Hand, Stephen 1999, ''The Annotated Saviolo: Who is this Guy Anyway'' in Hammerterz Forum Vol. 5 (2&3) pp. 15-21
</ref> and a paper outlining the cultural influences on Saviolo's system in 2002. Other notable practitioners of Saviolo's system include Cecil Longino of [http://sallesaint-george.com/ Academia Della Spada] in Seattle, USA and Chris Chatfield of [https://www.the1595club.com/ the 1595 Club] in London and Brighton, U.K., Henry Walker and James Wran of Brisbane Swords, Australia.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*Jared Kirby (ed.), [https://www.amazon.com/Gentlemans-Guide-Duelling-Honourable-Quarrels/dp/1848325274/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1394338385&sr=8-1&keywords=jared+kirby A Gentleman's Guide to Duelling: Of Honour and Honourable Quarrels], Frontline Books (2014), {{ISBN|978-1848325272}}.
*[http://www.thearma.org/essays/saviolo.htm An annotated version of Saviolo at ARMA.]
*[http://www.cs.unc.edu/~hudson/saviolo/ A non-annotated version], with an attached article explaining some of the terms used.
*[http://pw1.netcom.com/~cecilymc/article1.html An article on Saviolo in London]
*A factual story out of Saviolo's https://web.archive.org/web/20060108152646/http://www.swordhistory.com/home.html 
*[http://www.the1595.com 'the 1595', A UK fencing club studying Saviolo's techniques]
*[http://www.stoccata.org/ Stoccata School of Defence], An Australian fencing club studying Saviolo's system
*[http://sallesaint-george.com/ Academia Della Spada], a US fencing club studying Saviolo's system
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSYSqdz9WKc A demonstration of Saviolo's techniques by Chris Chatfield and Gray Morris of the 1595 club]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxhlCGsPfwE A video discussing Silver's comments about Saviolo by Stephen Hand of the Stoccata School of Defence]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2dgh8E44XQ Saviolo's rapier vs Silver's backsword with Stephen and Lewis Hand of the Stoccata School of Defence]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Saviolo, Vincentio}}
[[Category:16th-century fencers]]
[[Category:Italian male fencers]]
[[Category:Italian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Italian male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:1590s deaths]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian people]]