Khelrtva
A Template:Lang (Template:Lang-ka, Template:IPA) is a Georgian calligraphic signature, monogram or seal, originally used by the Georgian monarchs, queens consort, patriarchs, royalty and nobility,[1][2][3] universally used since the early eleventh century.[4]
The word Template:Lang literally means 'to decorate, adorn or beautify with hand' in Georgian, Template:Lang (Template:Wikt-lang) meaning a hand and Template:Lang (Template:Lang) meaning to decorate or adorn.
Template:Lang signatures were written in one of the three Georgian scripts, mostly in Template:Lang and Template:Lang scripts, though the monograms especially the royal ones were written in Template:Lang script. Every Georgian monarch had their own individual Template:Lang and was known as Template:Lang (Template:Lang) literally meaning 'Hand of the Lord'. The tradition of Template:Lang is still in use in Georgia.[5]
Khelrtvas
Kings
-
Template:Lang of King Bagrat IV -
Template:Lang of King George IV -
Template:Lang of King Vakhtang VI -
Template:Lang of King Solomon II -
Template:Lang of King George XII
.svg)
Queens regnant
-
Template:Lang of Queen Tamar -
Template:Lang of Queen Rusudan
Queens consort
-
Template:Lang of Queen consort Ketevan the Martyr -
Template:Lang of Queen consort Darejan of Kakheti -
Template:Lang of Queen consort Mariam Dadiani
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
Patriarchs
-
Template:Lang of Patriarch Zachary -
-
Template:Lang of Patriarch Anton II -
Template:Lang of Patriarch Ilia II
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
Presidents, Prime Ministers, Speakers
-
Template:Lang of President Salome Zurabishvili -
Template:Lang of Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze -
Template:Lang of Speaker Shalva Papuashvili
.svg)
See also
- Huaya (Template:Langx), stylised calligraphic signatures used in East Asia
- Tughra (Template:Langx), stylised Arabic signatures used by Ottoman sultans
References
External links
- Khelrtva: Vignettes and Monograms Γεωργιανά Χειρόγραφα Ιεράς Μονής Ιβήρων Αγίου Όρους
- ჯიმშერ რეხვიაშვილი ხელრთვა - ისტორიისა და ხელნაწერის მშვენება (Jimsher Rekhviashvili - The Beauty of History and Manuscript) Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
- ოთხი რესტავრირებული ეტრატი "განადგურებას გადარჩენილი საბუთები საცავში ბრუნდება" თამარ კიკნაველიძე, 24 საათი (Four Restored Etrats Documents Surviving the Destruction Returned to the Repository, Tamar Kiknavelidze)
- ↑ საგამომცემლო ლექსიკონი/ავტ.-შემდგ.: ვახტანგ დოხნაძე; [რედ.: მურმან სუხიშვილი; მხატვ.: ვახტანგ რურუა]. - [მე-2 შესწ. და შევს. გამოც.]. - თბ.: საგამომც. საქმის სასწ. ცენტრი, 2006. - 305გვ.; 20სმ.. - ბიბლიოგრ.: გვ. 301–304. (Publishing dictionary, edited by: Vakhtang Dokhnadze; Ed. Murman Sukhishvili; Artist: Vakhtang Rurua, Case Study Center, 2006. Bibliography: p. 301–304. - Template:ISBN : [ფ.ა.]
- ↑ National Parliamentary Library of Georgia: ხელრთვა
- ↑ ეროვნულ არქივში XI – XVIII საუკუნეების დოკუმენტებზე არსებული ხელრთვების კატალოგი მომზადდა (A catalog of carvings on documents of the XI - XVIII centuries in the National Archives) Template:Webarchive National Archives of Georgia
- ↑ Kviris Palitra (2015) ქართველ მეფეთა ხელრთვანი (Khelrtvas of the Georgian kings), [online publication date: 2017, August 19]
- ↑ Sinauridze, A. Hand of the Lord Karibche, 04.02.2010