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A user with 1,639 edits. Account created on 7 April 2025.
16 July 2025
- 10:2410:24, 16 July 2025 diff hist +4,836 N Edmonstone baronets Created page with "{{Short description|Title in the Baronetage of Great Britain}} The '''Edmonstone Baronetcy''', of Duntreath in the County of Stirling, is a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=11453 |date=30 April 1774 |page=1}}</ref> It was created 20 May 1774 for Archibald Edmonstone, 11th of Duntreath, Member of Parliament for Dunbartonshire and Ayr Bur..." current
- 10:2310:23, 16 July 2025 diff hist +42,794 N Legionaries of Christ Created page with "{{short description|Roman Catholic religious congregation}} {{Infobox organization | name = Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ | full_name = {{Langx|la|Congregatio Legionariorum Christi}} | logo = Escudo de la Congregación de los Legionarios de Cristo.png | logo_size = 100px | size = 250px | abbreviation = LC | founded = {{Start date and age|1941..." current
- 10:1010:10, 16 July 2025 diff hist +7,076 N Eduard Habsburg-Lothringen Created page with "{{Short description|German-born Hungarian diplomat (born 1967)}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Eduard | image = Eduard Habsburg-Lothringen.jpg | caption = Eduard Habsburg in 2025 | spouse = {{marriage|Maria Theresia von Gudenus|1995}} | house = Habsburg-Lorraine | father = Archduke Michael of Austria | mother = Princess Christiana of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg..." current
- 10:0910:09, 16 July 2025 diff hist +5,063 N Imperial and Royal Highness Created page with "{{short description|Style; mode of address}} '''Imperial and Royal Highness''' (abbreviation '''HI&RH''') is a style possessed by someone who either through birth or marriage holds two individual styles, ''Imperial Highness'' and ''Royal Highness''. ''His/Her Imperial Highness'' is a style used by members of an imperial family to denote ''imperial'' – as opposed to ''royal'' – status to show that the holder is descended from..." current
- 10:0810:08, 16 July 2025 diff hist +7,683 N Géza von Habsburg Created page with "{{Short description|Austrian art historian and curator (born 1940)}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Géza von Habsburg | title = | image = File:Erzherzog Géza UNDWC.jpg | caption = Géza von Habsburg in 2014 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1940|11|14|df=yes}} | birth_place = Budapest, Hungary | spouse = Monika Decker<br>Elizabeth Jane Kunstadter | issue = Franz Ferdinand<br>Ferdinand Leopold Joseph<br>Maximilian Philip..." current
- 10:0710:07, 16 July 2025 diff hist +10,145 N Battle of Nancy Created page with "{{Short description|Part of the Burgundian Wars, 1477}} {{For|the battle that took place in World War II|Battle of Nancy (1944)}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Battle of Nancy | partof = the Burgundian Wars | image = RenéDeux.jpg | image_size = 300 | caption = ''René takes the town of Nancy'', by Pierre Jacobi (1519) | date = 5 January 1477 | place = Outside the walls of Nancy, F..." current
- 10:0610:06, 16 July 2025 diff hist +11,129 N René II, Duke of Lorraine Created page with "{{Short description|Duke of Lorraine from 1473 to 1508}} {{Infobox royalty | name = René II | title = | image = Portrait equestre Rene II-Enluminure Nancéide.jpg | caption = René at the Battle of Nancy, as depicted in ''La Nancéide'', 1518<ref>{{Cite web |title=La Nancéide |url=https://musee-lorrain.nancy.fr/les-collections/les-oeuvres-majeures/oeuvre-majeure/la-nanceide-1 |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=musee-lorrain.nancy.fr |language=..." current
- 10:0610:06, 16 July 2025 diff hist +14,895 N Pope Clement IX Created page with "{{Short description|Head of the Catholic Church from 1667 to 1669}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Pope | honorific-prefix = Pope | name = Clement IX | title = Bishop of Rome | image = Carlo Maratta - Portrait of Pope Clement IX.jpg | image_size = 220px | caption = Portrait by Carlo Maratta, 1669 | birth_name = Giulio Rospigliosi | church = Catholic Church | term_start = 20 June 1667 | term_end = 9 December 1669 | predecessor = Alexan..." current
- 10:0510:05, 16 July 2025 diff hist +7,799 N Order of the Starry Cross Created page with "{{Short description|Habsburg chivalric order for women}} {{Infobox order |title= Order of the Starry Cross |image=250px |caption = Badge and ribbon of the order |image2=100px |caption2=Ribbon of the order |awarded_by = the Head of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine |type= Order of chivalry for women |for..." current
- 10:0410:04, 16 July 2025 diff hist +23,870 N Eleonora Gonzaga (1630–1686) Created page with "{{Short description|Holy Roman Empress from 1651 to 1657}} {{For|other people of the same name|Eleonora Gonzaga|}} {{Infobox royalty | consort = yes | succession = Holy Roman Empress | moretext = (more...) | coronation = 4 August 1653 | image = File:Eleonora av Gonzaga 1630-1686 (Frans Luyckx) - Nationalmuseum - 14744 (cropped).tif | caption = Portrait by Frans Luycx, {{circa|1650}} | reign..." current
- 09:5609:56, 16 July 2025 diff hist +99,495 N Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Created page with "{{Short description|1914 murder in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina}} {{Good article}} {{Infobox event | title = Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand | image = DC-1914-27-d-Sarajevo-cropped.jpg | caption = Assassination illustrated in the Italian newspaper ''La Domenica del Corriere'', 12 July 1914 by Achille Beltrame | location = Near the Latin Bridge, Sarajevo, in the Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Condominium of Bosnia and Herze..." current
- 09:3409:34, 16 July 2025 diff hist +29,922 N House of Habsburg-Lorraine Created page with "{{Short description|Austrian imperial dynasty}} {{Infobox noble house | name = House of Habsburg-Lorraine | native_name = {{small|{{lang|de|Haus Habsburg-Lothringen}}}} | native_name_lang = Austrian | coat_of_arms = Genealogical arms House of Habsburg-Lorraine 1806.svg | coat_of_arms_caption = Genealogical arms since 6 August 1806 | parent_house = House of Habsburg (enatic)<br />House of Lorraine (agnatic) | founded = {{Start date and age|1736}} | founder..." current
- 09:3309:33, 16 July 2025 diff hist +20,311 N Order of St. George (Habsburg-Lorraine) Created page with "{{Short description|European dynastic order of chivalry}} {{About|the modern-day order of chivalry|the historic order|Order of Saint George (House of Habsburg)|other uses|Order of St. George (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox order |title = Order of St. George |image = St.Georgs-Orden.png |caption = |image2 = 100px |caption2 = Ribbon bar of the order |awarded_by = the Head of the House of Habsb..." current
- 09:3209:32, 16 July 2025 diff hist +54,225 N Dynastic order Created page with "{{Short description|Order distributed by the head of a former royal family}} {{distinguish|royal family order}} A '''dynastic order''', monarchical order, or house order is an honorific distinction under royal patronage. This type of order is bestowed by a reigning sovereign or by the head of a formerly ruling family,<ref>{{cite web |last=Geller |first=Jonny |date=24 June 2010 |title=Bonington awarded the Royal Vict..." current
- 09:1009:10, 16 July 2025 diff hist +28,773 N Order of the Dragon Created page with "{{Short description|Renaissance-era European chivalric order}} {{redirect-distinguish|Society of the Dragon|Dragon Society}} {{Infobox military unit | unit_name = Order of the Dragon | native_name = Societas Draconistarum | image = Insignia Hungary Order Ordo Draconum History.svg | image_size = 150px | dates = 1408{{ndash}}16th century | countries..." current
- 09:0909:09, 16 July 2025 diff hist +7,485 N Mitsuko Aoyama Created page with "{{short description|One of the first Japanese people to immigrate to Europe}} {{Infobox noble | name = Mitsuko Aoyama | title = Countess of Coudenhove-Kalergi | image = Mitsuko Coudenhove 1 cropped.jpg | spouse = Heinrich von Coudenhove-Kalergi | issue = | issue-link = | issue-pipe = | full name = | era name = | era dates = | posthumous name = | temple name = | noble family = Coudenhove-Kalergi (by marriage) | father = Kihachi Ao..." current
- 09:0709:07, 16 July 2025 diff hist +16,671 N Pavo Barišić Created page with "{{short description|Croatian philosopher and politician (born 1959)}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Pavo Barišić | office = Minister of Science and Education | image = Barisicpavo (cropped).jpg | predecessor = Predrag Šustar | successor = Blaženka Divjak | president = Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović | primeminister = Andrej Plenković | termstart = 19 October 2016 | termend = 9 June 2017 | party = Croatian..." current
- 09:0709:07, 16 July 2025 diff hist +11,859 N Paneuropean Union Created page with "{{distinguish|European Union|Pan-European identity}} {{redirect-distinguish|Pan-Europe|Pan-European (disambiguation){{!}}Pan-European}} {{short description|Oldest European unification movement}} {{Infobox organization | name = International Paneuropean Union | image = International Paneuropean Union flag.svg | image_border = | size = 200px | alt = | caption = The stars from the flag of Europe have been added to the Paneuropean flag in 1955.<ref> This flag variant w..." current
- 09:0309:03, 16 July 2025 diff hist +4,443 N Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia) Created page with "{{Short description|Award of Georgia}} {{for|the European order of chivalry|Order of the Golden Fleece}} {{Infobox order |title= Order of the Golden Fleece |native_name=ოქროს საწმისის ორდენი |native_name_lang=ka |image= 200px |caption= Order of the Golden Fleece with Collar |image2= 100px |caption2= Ribbon bar |type= Single grade order |..." current
- 09:0109:01, 16 July 2025 diff hist +29,047 N Albert VII, Archduke of Austria Created page with "{{Short description|Sovereign of the Netherlands from 1598 to 1621}} {{Infobox royalty |name = Albert VII |image = File:Rubens - arquiduquealbertoVII01.jpg |caption = Portrait by Peter Paul Rubens, {{circa|1615}}<br>São Paulo Museum of Art collection |succession = Sovereign of the Netherlands{{efn|Monarchs from the House of Habsburg ruled the Low Countries with the title of Duke/Duchess of Burgundy.}} | mor..." current
- 08:5808:58, 16 July 2025 diff hist +50,979 N Order of the Golden Fleece Created page with "{{Short description|Catholic order of chivalry}} {{Distinguish|text=the Golden Fleece Award}} {{For| the French attempt to unify both branches of the Order of the Golden Fleece|Order of the Three Golden Fleeces}} {{For|a modern Georgian award|Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia)}} {{Infobox order |title = {{Plainlist| * Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece * ''Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro'' * ''Insigne Ordre de la Toison d'Or'' * ''Orden vom Golden..." current
- 08:5708:57, 16 July 2025 diff hist +24,903 N Emperor of Austria Created page with "{{Short description|1804–1918 hereditary head of state of the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire}} {{Infobox former monarchy | border = imperial | royal_title = Emperor | realm = Austria | native_name = Kaiser von Österreich <br> Kaiser von Oesterreich<br>{{small|Pre-1918 spelling}} | coatofarms = Imperial Coat of Arms of the Empire of Austria.svg | coatofarmscaption = '''Coat of arms of Austria|Coat of arms <br>..." current
- 08:5708:57, 16 July 2025 diff hist +24,167 N Graf Created page with "{{short description|Historical title of the German nobility}} {{italic title}} thumb|160px|Image of a {{lang|de|Grafenkrone}}, the heraldic [[coronet of a titular {{lang|de|Graf}}]] thumb|160px|Heraldic headpiece of a [[mediatised houses|mediatised {{lang|de|Graf}}]] '''{{lang|de|Graf}}''' ({{IPA|de|ɡʁaːf|-|De-Graf.ogg}}; feminine: '''{{lang|de|Gräfin}}''' {{IPA|de|ˈɡʁɛːfɪn||De-Gräfin.ogg}}) is a histor..." current
- 08:5608:56, 16 July 2025 diff hist +87,018 N Thomas Mann Created page with "{{Short description|German novelist and Nobel Prize laureate (1875–1955)}} {{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see Template:Infobox writer/doc --> | name = Thomas Mann | image = Thomas Mann 1929.jpg | caption = Mann in 1929 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1875|6|6|df=yes}} | birth_place = Free City of Lübeck, German Empire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1955|8|12|1875|6|6|df=yes}} | death_place..." current
- 08:5508:55, 16 July 2025 diff hist +17,588 N Iceberg theory Created page with "{{Short description|Writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway}} thumb|Ernest Hemingway as photographed for the 1940 edition of ''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls'']] The '''iceberg theory''' or '''theory of omission''' is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation. When he..." current
- 08:5408:54, 16 July 2025 diff hist +34,636 N Count Created page with "{{Short description|Nobility title in European countries}} {{About|the title of nobility|the Roman title|Comes|other uses|Count (disambiguation)}} {{Redirect|Countess}} {{Ranks of Nobility}} thumb|upright|Count [[Carl Gustaf Mannerheim (naturalist)|Carl Gustaf Mannerheim (1797–1854), the governor of the Vyborg Province, entomologist and the grandfather of Baron C..." current
- 08:5308:53, 16 July 2025 diff hist +13,714 N Redemption (theology) Created page with "{{Short description|Religious concept referring to forgiveness or absolution for past sins}} '''Redemption''' is an essential concept in many religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The term implies that something has been paid for or bought back, like a slave who has been set free through the payment of a ransom. ==Christianity== {{Main|Salvation in Christianity}} {{See also|Redeemer (Christianity)}} In Christian theology, redemption..." current
- 08:5308:53, 16 July 2025 diff hist +95,326 N Existentialism Created page with "{{Short description|Philosophical form of enquiry into subjective existence}} {{redirect|Existential|the logical sense of the term|Existential quantification|other uses|Existence (disambiguation)}} {{for|the philosophical position commonly seen as the antonym of existentialism |Essentialism}} {{Multiple image | total_width = 300 | image1 = Kierkegaard.jpg | image2 = Nietzsche LIFE.jpg | image3 = Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky 1876.jpg | image4 = Sart..." current
- 08:5008:50, 16 July 2025 diff hist +90,537 N Boydell Shakespeare Gallery Created page with "{{short description|Art museum in London}} right|thumb|[[Joshua Reynolds' ''Puck'' (1789), painted for Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery, is modelled after Parmigianino's ''Madonna with St. Zachary, the Magdalen, and St. John''<ref>Burwick, "Romantic Reception", 149.</ref>|alt=Oil painting representing Puck as a baby with pointed ears and curly blonde hair sitting on an enormous mushroom in a forest. He holds a small posy and g..." current
- 08:4808:48, 16 July 2025 diff hist +47,486 N The Winter's Tale Created page with "{{Short description|Play by Shakespeare}} {{About|Shakespeare's play|other uses|Winter's Tale (disambiguation)}} {{italic title}} 300px|thumb|Act II, scene 3: Antigonus swears his loyalty to Leontes, in an attempt to save Leontes' young daughter's life. From a painting by [[John Opie commissioned by the Boydell Shakespeare Gallery for printing and display.]] '''''The Winter's Tale''''' is a play by Wil..." current
- 08:4708:47, 16 July 2025 diff hist +80,779 N World Council of Churches Created page with "{{Short description|Inter-church organization}} {{Infobox religion |name= World Council of Churches |image= World Council of Churches logo.svg |imagewidth= |caption= World Council of Churches logo |abbreviation= WCC |main_classification= |orientation= |polity= |founder= |leader_title= General secretary |leader_name= Jerry Pillay |founded_date= {{Start date and age |1948}} |associations= |area= International |headquarters= |congregations = |members= 352 (member..." current
- 08:4608:46, 16 July 2025 diff hist +6,396 N World Romani Congress Created page with "{{Short description|International meetings for discussion of issues relating to Roma people}} thumb|right|250px|[[Flag of the Roma people]] The '''World Romani Congress''' ({{Langx|rom|Mashkarthemutno Romano Kongreso}}) is a series of forums for discussion of issues relating to Roma people around the world. {{As of|2023}}, there have been eleven World Romani Congresses. Among the chief goals of these congresses have been the stand..." current
- 08:4408:44, 16 July 2025 diff hist +233,061 N Romani people Created page with "{{Short description|Indo-Aryan ethnic group}} {{hatnote group| {{other uses|Romani (disambiguation)}} {{Distinguish|Romanians|Roman people}} {{redirect-several|Gypsy}} }} {{pp-move}} {{pp-pc}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Use American English|date=September 2018}} {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Romani people | image = center|frameless|260x260px | image_caption = | flag = Roma f..." current
- 08:4208:42, 16 July 2025 diff hist +54,977 N Native American civil rights Created page with "{{Short description|Legal, social, or ethical principles pertaining to Native Americans}} {{Native American topics sidebar}} thumb|upright=2.5|<div style="text-align: center">Proportion of Indigenous Americans in each county of the [[List of states and territories of the United States|fifty states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico as of the 2020 United States Census</div>]] '''Native American civil rights''..." current
- 08:4108:41, 16 July 2025 diff hist +18,965 N Indigenous rights Created page with "{{Short description|Legal, social, or ethical principles pertaining to indigenous peoples}} {{Indigenous rights}}{{rights}} {{confused|Native American civil rights}} '''Indigenous rights''' are those rights that exist in recognition of the specific condition of indigenous peoples. This includes not only the most basic human rights of physical survival and integrity, but also the rights over their land (including native title),..." current
- 08:4008:40, 16 July 2025 diff hist +13,957 N Ancestral domain Created page with "{{Short description|Lands, territories and resources of indigenous peoples}} {{Indigenous rights}} '''Ancestral domain''' or '''ancestral lands''' are the lands, territories and resources of indigenous peoples, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. The term differs from indigenous land rights, Aboriginal title or Native Title by directly indicating relationship to land based on ances..." current
- 08:3408:34, 16 July 2025 diff hist +204,046 N Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Created page with "{{Short description|Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 to 1519}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Maximilian I | title = Imperator Romanorum | image = Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.jpg | alt = | caption = Portrait by Albrecht Dürer, 1519 | succession = Holy Roman Emperor | reign = 4 February 1508 – {{nowrap|12 January 1519}} | coronation = 4 February 1508, Trento{{sfn|Cuyler|1972|p..." current
- 08:3308:33, 16 July 2025 diff hist +157,377 N List of heads of former ruling families Created page with "{{Short description|List of heads of former ruling houses}} These individuals may or may not claim titles associated with an abolished monarchy. Individuals who stake claims to monarchical titles but who are not part of former dynasties are not included. Note that a country may have multiple houses with a claim to the defunct position. ==Africa== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! State !! Head !! Since !!House !! Claim !! Successi..." current
- 08:3308:33, 16 July 2025 diff hist +2,660 N Alexander von Zagareli Created page with "thumb|150px|Alexander v. Zagareli '''Alexander Anton von Zagareli''' (also '''Cagareli''' or '''Tsagareli''', Georgian: ალექსანდრე ანტონის ძე ცაგარელი; 9 December 1844 – 12 November 1929<ref>''Барамидзе А. Г.'' [http://feb-web.ru/feb/kle/kle-abc/ke8/ke8-3653.htm Цагарели Ал.] // Краткая литературная энциклоп..." current
- 08:3108:31, 16 July 2025 diff hist +4,520 N Landsmannschaft (Studentenverbindung) Created page with "{{Short description|German fraternity}} {{Distinguish|Landsmanshaft}} thumb|250px|Bologna, 15th century: Admission of a student in "Germanic Nation" A '''Landsmannschaft''' ({{IPA|de|ˈlantsmanʃaft|lang}}; Latin ''natio'', plural nationes) is a German fraternity of several fraternity forms called ''Studentenverbindung''. The older forms of ''Landsmannschaften'' were part of corporation (university)|corporation..." current
- 08:3008:30, 16 July 2025 diff hist +106,296 N Sovereign Military Order of Malta Created page with "{{Short description|Catholic lay religious order}} {{Hatnote group| {{About|the modern Catholic military order|its medieval predecessor|Knights Hospitaller|the period of Malta under its rule|Hospitaller Malta}} {{for|the unrelated Republic of Malta|Malta}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta | common_name = the Sovereign Military Order of Malta | native_name..." current
- 08:2808:28, 16 July 2025 diff hist +117,396 N Charles the Bold Created page with "{{Short description|Duke of Burgundy from 1467 to 1477}} {{Distinguish|Charles the Bald}} {{Infobox royalty | image = Charles the Bold 1460.jpg | caption = Charles the Bold in about 1461–1462, wearing the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece, painted by Rogier van der Weyden | succession = Duke of Burgundy<!-- Only the most important title should be given in the infobox. Other titles are listed in the succession boxes at the bottom of the..." current
- 08:2708:27, 16 July 2025 diff hist +40,341 N Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor Created page with "{{short description|Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 to 1493}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Frederick III | title = Imperator Romanorum | image = Hans Burgkmair d. Ä. 005.jpg | image_size = | caption = Portrait by Hans Burgkmair, {{Circa|1500}} | succession = {{ubl|Holy Roman Emperor|King of Italy}} | reign = {{nowrap|19 March 1452 – 19 August 1493}} | cor-type = hre | coronation = 19 March 1452 | predecessor = [..." current
- 08:2608:26, 16 July 2025 diff hist +9,851 N House of Glyme Created page with "{{Infobox noble house |surname = (de) Glymes |type = |native_name = |native_name_lang = |other_name = de Glymes-Berghes |coat of arms = 120px|Cooat of arms |image_size = |alt = |caption = |country = 22px Spanish Netherlands :22px Austrian Netherlands |estates..." current
- 08:2608:26, 16 July 2025 diff hist +21,989 N Margrave Created page with "{{Short description|Military and noble title in medieval Europe (1204–1806)}} {{Redirect|Markgraf}} {{Ranks of Nobility}} '''Margrave''' was originally the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defence of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or a kingdom. That position became hereditary in certain feudal families in the Empire and the title came to be borne by rulers of some I..." current
- 08:2408:24, 16 July 2025 diff hist +90,516 N Frederick Barbarossa Created page with "{{short description|Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 to 1190}} {{Infobox royalty | title = Emperor of the Romans | image = Friedrich I. Barbarossa.jpg | caption = A golden bust of Frederick as John the Baptist, given to his godfather Count Otto of Cappenberg in 1171. It was used as a reliquary in Cappenberg Abbey and is said in the deed of the gift to have been made "in the likeness of the emperor". | succession = Holy Ro..." current
- 08:2308:23, 16 July 2025 diff hist +32,628 N Queen consort Created page with "{{short description|Wife of a reigning king}} {{Monarchism|Concepts}} {{Ranks of Nobility}} A '''queen consort ''' is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent.<..." current
- 08:2208:22, 16 July 2025 diff hist +22,176 N Ministerialis Created page with "{{Short description|European medieval social class}} {{Royal and noble ranks}} The '''''ministeriales''''' (singular: '''''ministerialis''''') were a legally unfree but socially elite class of knights, administrators, and officials in the High Middle Ages in the Holy Roman Empire, drawn from a mix of servile origins, free commoners, and even cadet sons of minor noble families, who served secular and ecclesiastical lords and often rose to hold hereditary land, nob..." current
- 08:2108:21, 16 July 2025 diff hist +7,253 N Kerpen (Adelsgeschlecht) Created page with "mini|Wappen derer von Kerpen (Eifel) '''Kerpen''' ist der Name eines rheinischen, ursprünglich edelfreien Uradelsgeschlechts, das in Kerpen an der Erft mit dem erblichen Burggrafenamt der Reichsfestung belehnt war<ref>Severin Corsten: Kerpen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Kerpen und das Reich, S. 63</ref> und mit dem Reichsministerialen ''Warnerus..." current
- 08:2008:20, 16 July 2025 diff hist +2,086 N Guignicourt-sur-Vence Created page with "{{Expand French|topic=geo|date=December 2008|Guignicourt-sur-Vence}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Guignicourt-sur-Vence |commune status = Commune |image = Château de Guignicourt sur Vence.jpg |caption = Chateau of Guignicourt |image coat of arms = Blason Guignicourt-sur-Vence.svg |arrondissement = Charleville-Mézières |canton = Nouvion-sur-Meuse |INSEE = 08203 |postal co..." current